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Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the patients who underwent knee arthroscopy in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University between 2018 and 2022.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 2,184 patients who had undergone knee arthroscopy from January 2018 to December 2022 in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. The data of the patients' gender, age, disease diagnosis, place of residence, hospitalization time, and hospitalization costs were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the patients.Results:Of the 2,481 patients, 1,427 were males and 1,054 females with an age of 35.9 (26.0, 51.4) years. From the year 2018 to the year 2022, respectively, 344, 339, 344, 632, and 822 patients were admitted. No statistically significant differences were found in the comparison of the patients' gender or age between years ( P>0.05). The top 3 diseases diagnosed were dislocation, sprain and strain of the knee joint and ligaments (40.2%, 998/2,481), intra-articular disorder of the knee (30.7%, 761/2,481), and synovitis and tenosynovitis (5.5%, 136/2,481). The differences were statistically significant in disease diagnosis, place of residence, hospitalization time, and hospitalization costs between the years ( P<0.05). The main disease diagnosed was dislocation, sprain and strain of the knee joint and ligaments for males (47.3%, 675/1,427) and intra-articular disorder of the knee for females (32.2%, 339/1,054). The proportion of patients coming from Guangzhou gradually increased from 22.4% (77/344) in 2018 to 55.8% (459/822) in 2022. The hospitalization time for the patients in 2020, 2021, and 2022 was significantly shorter than that in 2018 and 2019, showing a significant decrease from 2020 to 2021 and from 2021 to 2022 ( P<0.05). The hospitalization costs for the patients showed an increasing trend from 2018 to 2021, with a significant increase in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 in comparison with 2018, but the costs were significantly decreased in 2022 compared with 2021 (all P<0.05). Conclusions:From 2018 to 2022, the knee arthroscopy-related surgeries showed an increasing trend year by year. More males underwent knee arthroscopy than females. Knee injuries were mostly diagnosed in male patients. The patients coming from Guangzhou increased year by year. The hospitalization time showed a shortening trend, and the hospitalization costs decreased from 2022.
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Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is an effective compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Bunge. The Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) signaling pathway plays crucial roles in the modulation of ischemia-induced cell apoptosis. However, no information about the regulatory effect of SalA on FoxO3a is available. To explore the anti-cerebral ischemia effect and clarify the therapeutic mechanism of SalA, SH-SY5Y cells and Sprague-Dawley rats were applied, which were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injuries, respectively. The involved pathway was identified using the specific inhibitor LY294002. Results showed that SalA concentration-dependently inhibited OGD/R injury triggered cell viability loss. SalA reduced cerebral infarction, lowered brain edema, improved neurological function, and inhibited neuron apoptosis in MCAO/R rats, which were attenuated by the treatment of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) specific inhibitor LY294002. SalA time- and concentration-dependently upregulated the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) and its downstream protein FOXO3a. Moreover, the nuclear translocation of FOXO3a was inhibited by SalA both and , which was also reversed by LY294002. The above results indicated that SalA fought against ischemia/reperfusion damage at least partially the AKT/FOXO3a/BIM pathway.
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Aim To investigate the effects of diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection (DGMI ) on amino acids and monoamine neurotransmitters in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Methods In-traluminal suture was applied to establish middle cere-bral artery occlusion (MCAO/R)model with ischemia for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 24 h.After the adminis-tration of DGMI (i.v.),the levels of amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue were de-tected through HPLC-ECD.Results DGMI down-reg-ulated the concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid,glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid which were in-creased in MCAO/R group.DGMI also reduced the levels of norepinephrine epinephrine,glyoxylic acid, serotonin and 5-HIAA in cortex and hippocampus,and increased adrenaline content compared to the model group.Conclusion DGMI exhibits a protective role in rats with cerebral ischemia /reperfusion injury through regulating amino acids and monoamine neuro-transmitters.