In the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST), a novel ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) antenna-based diagnostic system is designed to measure ion cyclotron emission (ICE) driven by high-energy ions. The diagnostic system includes ICRF antenna straps, a three-tune impedance matching system, a coaxial switching system, a direct current block, and a data acquisition and storage system. Using the coaxial switching system, the ICRF antenna can be switched from the heating mode to the coupling mode between two discharges. In the 2023 EAST experiment campaign, core ICE was observed using the ICRF antenna-based diagnostic system during neutron beam injection heating, and the obtained results agreed well with the signal detected by the previous high-frequency B-dot probe-based diagnostic system.
Mastering nuclear fusion, which is an abundant, safe, and environmentally competitive energy, is a great challenge for humanity. Tokamak represents one of the most promising paths toward controlled fusion. Obtaining a high-performance, steady-state, and long-pulse plasma regime remains a critical issue. Recently, a big breakthrough in steady-state operation was made on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). A steady-state plasma with a world-record pulse length of 1056 s was obtained, where the density and the divertor peak heat flux were well controlled, with no core impurity accumulation, and a new high-confinement and self-organizing regime (Super I-mode = I-mode + e-ITB) was discovered and demonstrated. These achievements contribute to the integration of fusion plasma technology and physics, which is essential to operate next-step devices.
In the title compound, C(20)H(21)N(5)O(4), the ring system containing the three fused rings is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation for all 12 non-H atoms = 0.041â Å). The phenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 54.41â (6)° with this ring system. The isopropyl group is disordered over two positions, with site-occupancy factors of 0.753â (9) and 0.247â (9). The structure is mainly stabilized by weak inter-molecular N-Hâ¯O and intra-molecular C-Hâ¯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions and π-π inter-actions, with inter-planar distances of 3.415â (1)â Å between adjacent furan ring centroids and 3.420â (1)â Å between the benzene and pyrimidinone rings.
This study investigated the association of apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) gene polymorphism at position -1131T>C with cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 256 type 2 diabetic patients without cerebral infarction (T2DM), 220 type 2 diabetic patients with cerebral infarction (T2DMCI) and 340 healthy subjects were recruited from the same region (Hubei province, China). The genotype of apoA5 -1131T[Symbol: see text]C was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were quantitatively detected by using standard enzymatic techniques. The results showed that the prevalence of the apoA5 -1131C allele was significantly higher in T2DMCI group than that in control group (42.7% versus 31.2%, P<0.01). The carriers of rare C allele had higher TG levels as compared with carriers of common allele in the three groups (P<0.01). Logistic regression models, which were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressure, BMI, FBS, smoking, LDL-C and HDL-C, revealed that patients carrying the apoA5 -1131C allele and CC homozygotes were at high risk for T2DMCI. It was concluded that the apoA5 -1131C allele variant is an independent genetic risk factor for T2DMCI.
Apolipoproteins A/genetics , Cerebral Infarction/genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Adult , Aged , Alleles , Apolipoprotein A-V , Case-Control Studies , Cerebral Infarction/complications , Cerebral Infarction/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Risk Factors
PURPOSE: To analyze the association between Ki-67 and eNOS expression with the pathological grades of patients with intracranial ependymomas, and to determine its value in distinguishing the progression of the disease. METHODS: A clinicopathological study was undertaken in 82 patients with intracranial ependymomas. Tissue samples, obtained by tumour resection, were divided into three groups: low-grade, mid-grade and high-grade ependymomas. Tissue samples obtained from 15 patients with brain contusion were used as control. Immuno-histochemical staining was performed to analyze the association between Ki-67 and eNOS expression with various tumour grades. The cell proliferating marker Ki-67 was assessed by positive cell count. The levels of eNOS positive expression were evaluated as slight, moderate and intense. RESULTS: 48 of 82 cases (58.54%) expressed Ki-67 protein. Expression of Ki-67 and eNOS was negative in all control samples. Positive cell rates were 2.65+/-0.83 % in the low-grade, 9.63+/-0.08 % in the mid-grade, and 28.41+/-0.71 % in the high-grade ependymoma groups. In low-grade ependymomas there were 8 and 12 cases that expressed eNOS slightly or moderately. In the mid-grade ependymoma group eNOS was expressed moderately in 10 cases and intensely in 15. In the high-grade group 20 cases showed intense positive expression of eNOS. The Ki-67 positive cell counts for slight, moderate and intense eNOS expression were 2.20, 6.07 and 22.25, respectively. CONCLUSION: Ki-67 and eNOS expression in intracranial ependymoma tissue was associated with the histopathological grade and malignant degree.
Brain Neoplasms , Ependymoma , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Ki-67 Antigen/therapeutic use , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Ependymoma/drug therapy , Ependymoma/pathology , Female , Gene Expression Regulation/physiology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
This study investigated the association of apolipoprotein A5 (apoAS) gene polymorphism at position -113 ITC with cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 256 type 2 diabetic patients without cerebral infarction (T2DM), 220 type 2 diabetic patients with cerebral infarction (T2DMCI) and 340 healthy subjects were recruited from the same region (Hubei province,China). The genotype of apoA5 -1131TC was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol and trigiycerides were quantitatively detected by using standard enzymatic techniques. The results showed that the prevalence of the apoA5 -1131C allele was significantly higher in T2DMCI group than that in control group (42.7% versus 31.2%, P<0.01). The carriers of rare C allele had higher TG levels as compared with carders of common allele in the three groups (P<0.01). Logistic regression models, which were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressure, BMI, FBS, smoking,LDL-C and HDL-C, revealed that patients carrying the apoA5 -1131C allele and CC homozygotes were at high risk for T2DMCI. It was concluded that the apoA5 -ll31C allele variant is an independent genetic risk factor for T2DMCI.
