In spite of the decrease in breast cancer (BC) death rates, it has remained a significant public health concern. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway contributes to breast cancer development and progression by enhancing cancerous cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration. Investigating the connection between specific lncRNAs (SNHG15, HCP5, and LINC01433) and YAP and WWTR1, and the impact of these lncRNAs on the expression of YAP and WWTR1 proteins in the Hippo pathway, may offer valuable understanding for BC diagnosis and treatment. Forty BC tissue samples were acquired from the Tumor Bank and utilized for RNA and protein extraction. Real-time PCR and western blotting techniques were performed to assess the gene and protein expressions, respectively. Correlations between variables and their associations with clinicopathological features in BC were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U or Student's t-test. Additionally, the analysis of the GEO database was utilized to validate the findings. In cancerous tissue, the up-regulation of YAP, WWTR1, HCP5, SNHG15, and Linc01433 at both the mRNA and protein levels corresponds to the findings in GEO datasets. A significant association was found between YAP and histological grade, while WWTR1 showed a correlation with family history and HER-2. The distinct and notable expression of YAP, WWTR1, SNHG15, HCP5, and Linc01433 in BC tissues, together with the results of combined ROC curve analysis derived from our finding and GEO database suggest that a combined panel of these 5 RNAs may have great potential in predicting of BC and its management.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing , Breast Neoplasms , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , RNA, Long Noncoding , Transcription Factors , Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins , YAP-Signaling Proteins , Female , Humans , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , Trans-Activators/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , YAP-Signaling Proteins/genetics , YAP-Signaling Proteins/metabolism
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is one of the important challenges in the field of gynecologic oncology because of some problems in understanding its etiology and pathogenesis. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand trans-membranous receptor which is upregulated in some human cancers. Mechanisms of RAGE involvement in carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer are unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the expression of RAGE in ovarian cancers and its association with clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: The RAGE expression level in ovarian cancer and corresponding noncancerous tissues were analyzed by real time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques. RESULTS: Results indicated that RAGE gene was overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissue compared with adjacent noncancerous tissue (p < 0.001). A significant association between RAGE expression and tumor size (p = 0.04), depth of stromal invasion (p = 0.031), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.041) and stage of cancer (p = 0.041) was observed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses yielded the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.86 for RAGE in discriminating ovarian cancer samples from non-cancer controls. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion overexpression of RAGE in ovarian cancer may be a useful biomarker to predict tumor progression.
Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/biosynthesis , Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism , Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Female , Gene Expression , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Middle Aged , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
