SUCCESSFUL REPOSITIONING PROCEDURE FOR BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO AFTER STAPEDOTOMY.

This report aimed to investigate the relationship after successful left-sided stapedotomy and postoperative benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) due to vitamin D deficiency. A 56-year-old woman presented with a complaint of progressive hearing loss and tinnitus in the left ear without dizziness. A successful left-sided stapedotomy was performed, confirming the diagnosis of otosclerosis and closing the air-bone gap to less than 10 dB. Seven days after the stapedotomy, the patient reported dizziness, usually when turning to her left side in the bed. An electrophysiological assessment was performed to investigate vestibular function. Dix Hallpike maneuver showed a typical response, about 5 seconds after repositioning the head, and geotropic, torsional rotary nystagmus of about 30 seconds was registered. Vitamin D deficiency in serum was found. Complete symptom remission was achieved after 7-day-treatment with Epley's maneuver. As a postoperative vertigo complication, BPPV often remains unrecognized after stapes surgery. Canalith repositioning maneuver is treatment for BPPV. Determining serum levels of total calcium and vitamin D may play a significant role in monitoring and reducing the recurrence of dizziness.

Characteristics of Malignant Thyroid Tumors: A Retrospective Study on 320 Patients.

Papillary thyroid cancer accounts for 80-85% of diagnosed thyroid cancers, while follicular, medullary, and anaplastic cancers are diagnosed significantly less frequently. This study aimed to show the characteristics of malignant thyroid tumors. In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 320 patients who underwent thyroid surgery from January 2018 to December 2019. We recorded and statistically analyzed basic demographic data, data of the cytological and pathohistological findings, and tumor characteristics (size, multifocality, extrathyroidal and lymphovascular invasion). Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 95 patients. The incidence of thyroid cancer was higher in women than in men, but without a significant difference (p=0.46). There was a significant difference between preoperative cytological findings and definitive pathohistological diagnosis (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between genders in tumor size, extrathyroidal and lymphovascular invasion, and multifocality. There were significantly more thyroid cancers with a lymphovascular invasion that were less than 2 cm in size (p=0.04). In our opinion, it is important to emphasize the value of early diagnostics and analysis of the malignant tumor characteristics that are major prognostic factors for survival in patients with thyroid cancer.

The AsSociation Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism, and Thyroid Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), antidiabetic therapy, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer. We analyzed data from 320 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for suspicion of cancer. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer was confirmed by histopathological analysis in 95 patients. No significant difference was found in the diagnosis of T2DM and hypothyroidism concerning the presence of thyroid cancer (p=0.13; p=0.85), nor in the gender of patients with T2DM and hypothyroidism with respect to the type of thyroid cancer (p=0.19; p=0.25). Patients with T2DM (Odds ratio [OR] 1.89; 95% CI, 0.856-4.163) and patients with hypothyroidism (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.530-2.164) had higher prevalence of thyroid cancer, as did those who had both diagnoses combined (p=0.37; OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 0.333-17.278), compared with the patients who did not have those diagnoses. Men with T2DM (OR, 6.19; 95% CI, 1.180-32.513) had higher prevalence of thyroid cancer than women. Patients who were on oral antidiabetics (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 0.804-4.512) had higher prevalence of thyroid cancer than those receiving insulin. According to the results of this study, we can conclude that there is an association between T2DM, hypothyroidism, oral antidiabetics, and thyroid cancer.