Breaking Bad News in Obstetrics and Gynecology: We Must Talk About It.

Breaking bad news is common in obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn). However, it is difficult, and few doctors receive training on how to deal with this situation. This narrative review aims to gather, analyze, and synthesize part of the knowledge on the area, focused on Ob-Gyn. Among the 16 selected articles, two are randomized controlled intervention studies, and most studies refer to obstetrics. The results found by us pointed out that simulation, feedback/debriefing, lectures, and protocols could improve doctors' performance in communicating bad news. For patients, the context and how the information is transmitted seem to impact more than the content of the news. Ob-Gyn doctors could benefit from specific protocols and education, given the specialty's particularities. There is a lack of evidence about the most effective way to conduct such training. Finding validated ways to quantify and classify studies' results in the area, which would allow for the objective analysis of outcomes, is one of the biggest challenges concerning this topic.

Dar más notícias é comum em obstetrícia e ginecologia. Porém, é difícil e poucos médicos recebem treinamento sobre como lidar com essa situação. Esta revisão narrativa tem como objetivo reunir, analisar e sintetizar parte do conhecimento sobre a área, com foco na obstetrícia. Dentre os 16 artigos selecionados, dois são estudos de intervenção randomizados e controlados, e a maioria dos estudos refere-se à obstetrícia. Os resultados encontrados ressaltaram que simulação, feedback/entrevistas, palestras e protocolos podem melhorar o desempenho dos médicos na comunicação de más notícias. Para os pacientes, o contexto e como as informações são transmitidas parecem ter maior impacto do que o conteúdo das notícias. Os obstetras e ginecologistas poderiam se beneficiar de cursos e protocolos específicos, dadas as particularidades da especialidade. Faltam evidências sobre a forma mais eficaz de realizar esse treinamento. Encontrar formas validadas de quantificar e classificar os resultados dos estudos na área, permitindo uma análise objetiva dos resultados, é um dos maiores desafios neste tema.

Breaking Bad News in Obstetrics and Gynecology: We Must Talk About It / Más notícias em obstetrícia e ginecologia: Devemos falar sobre isso

Abstract Breaking bad news is common in obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn). However, it is difficult, and few doctors receive training on how to deal with this situation. This narrative review aims to gather, analyze, and synthesize part of the knowledge on the area, focused on Ob-Gyn. Among the 16 selected articles, two are randomized controlled intervention studies, and most studies refer to obstetrics. The results found by us pointed out that simulation, feedback/debriefing, lectures, and protocols could improve doctors' performance in communicating bad news. For patients, the context and how the information is transmitted seem to impact more than the content of the news. Ob-Gyn doctors could benefit from specific protocols and education, given the specialty's particularities. There is a lack of evidence about the most effective way to conduct such training. Finding validated ways to quantify and classify studies' results in the area, which would allow for the objective analysis of outcomes, is one of the biggest challenges concerning this topic.

Resumo Dar más notícias é comum em obstetrícia e ginecologia. Porém, é difícil e poucos médicos recebem treinamento sobre como lidar com essa situação. Esta revisão narrativa tem como objetivo reunir, analisar e sintetizar parte do conhecimento sobre a área, com foco na obstetrícia. Dentre os 16 artigos selecionados, dois são estudos de intervenção randomizados e controlados, e a maioria dos estudos refere-se à obstetrícia. Os resultados encontrados ressaltaram que simulação, feedback/entrevistas, palestras e protocolos podem melhorar o desempenho dos médicos na comunicação de más notícias. Para os pacientes, o contexto e como as informações são transmitidas parecem ter maior impacto do que o conteúdo das notícias. Os obstetras e ginecologistas poderiam se beneficiar de cursos e protocolos específicos, dadas as particularidades da especialidade. Faltam evidências sobre a forma mais eficaz de realizar esse treinamento. Encontrar formas validadas de quantificar e classificar os resultados dos estudos na área, permitindo uma análise objetiva dos resultados, é um dos maiores desafios neste tema.

Using social media to educate women and healthcare providers on endometriosis: preliminary results.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of our Facebook fan page and compare it to similar pages. METHODS: The authors reviewed page-specific metrics provided by Facebook, including number of fans, their age and sex, and country of origin; number of views, likes, and shares tied to our posts. A search for similar fan pages using keyword "endometriosis" found pages in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. They were analyzed for country of origin, authors, number of fans and posts, and were compared to our page. RESULTS: Our fan page went online on April 2016 and 127 posts have been published up to December 2017. Most of its 1746 fans (89% women; 11% men) were Brazilians (n=1677). Our audience comprised primarily women aged 25-34 (39%) and 35-44 (30%) years. The most viewed posts discussed thrombosis and oral contraceptives (n =11078); continuous use of oral contraceptives (n=6448); deep endometriosis (n=4425); intrauterine levonorgestrel system (n=4045); IVF and endometriosis (n=2885); and endometriosis and cancer (n=2431). Our search found 399 Facebook pages from 44 different countries. The United States (n=81), Brazil (n=49), and the United Kingdom (n=46) topped the list of countries hosting pages, while most of the fan pages were written in English. The majority of the pages were active and 20% claimed they were based on science. Physicians administered four of the 10 most popular pages. Page heterogeneity prevented comparisons between them. CONCLUSION: Men and women have visited our Facebook fan page to obtain information on endometriosis. The pages found in our search were exceedingly heterogeneous and were not compared. Developing pages with sound information is an important step toward educating individuals about endometriosis and helping them make informed choices on available treatments.

Características clínicas, funcionais e sobrevida dos pacientes com pneumonia de hipersensibilidade do Ambulatório de Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais do Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG) / Clinical, functional and survival in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonia Center of Pulmonary Interstitial Disease of Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC- UFMG)

A pneumonia de hipersensibilidade (PH) constitui síndrome inflamatória causada pela resposta imune exagerada a partículas antigênicas inaladas. Objetivo: descrever características clínicas, radiológicas, funcionais esobrevida de pacientes com PH. Metodologia: estudo retrospectivo, envolvendo pacientes em acompanhamento no ambulatório de doenças pulmonares intersticiais do HC-UFMG no período de 2011 a 2015. Analisados dados clínicos, radiológicos, funcionais e morfológicos coletados através de um protocolo padronizado. Resultados: Dentre 139 pacientes com doenças intersticiais pulmonares, 34 (24%) tinham PH, com idade de 60,7 ± 18,1 anos. Exposição a mofo foi a etiologia mais frequente (19;55%). A forma crônica foi predominante (100% doas casos), assim como a presença de padrão reticular na tomografia de tórax (100%), com ou sem faveolamento. Observou-se distúrbio restritivo leve (CVF=69,00 ± 17,62L) associado a redução moderada da difusão de monóxido de carbono (59,20 ± 16,99%). O lavado broncoalveolar não auxiliou no diagnóstico e a biópsia transbrônquica foi diagnóstica em 5 (55%) casos e a biópsia cirúrgica foi conclusiva em 6 (85,7%). A sobrevida mediana foi de 75 meses. Conclusão: Nesta amostra de um ambulatório de referência, a PH respondeu por cerca de um quarto dos pacientes com doença intersticial pulmonar. A exposição a mofo foi a principal etiologia e a mortalidade significativa, o que reforça a importância da adoção de medidas preventivas através do reconhecimento precoce da exposição aos fatores de risco. (AU)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) inflammatory is a syndrome caused by an excessive immune response to inhaled antigen particles. Objective:To describe clinical, radiological and functional characteristics and survival in patients with HP. Methodology: Retrospective study involving patients followed up at the pulmonary interstitial diseases clinic of the HC-UFMG from 2011 to 2015. Clinical, radiological, functional and morphological data were analysed from a standardized protocol. Results: Among 139 patients with interstitial lung disease, 34 (24%) had HP, aged 60.7 ± 18.1 years. Mold exposure was the most frequent cause (19; 55%). The chronic form predominated (100% donate cases), as well as the presence of reticular pattern on the chest tomography (100%), with or without honeycombing. There was mild restrictive lung disease (FVC = 69.00 ± 17,62L) associated with moderate reduction in carbon monoxide diffusion (59.20 ± 16.99%). Bronchoalveolar lavage did not help in the diagnosis and transbronchial biopsy was diagnostic in 5 (55%) cases; surgical biopsy was conclusive in 6 (85.7%). Median survival was 60 months. Conclusion: In this sample of a reference clinic, HP accounted for about a quarter of the patients with interstitial lung disease. The mold exposure was the main etiology and the mortality rate was significant, what reinforces the importance of adopting preventive measures through early recognition of exposure to risk factors. (AU)