Association of Age and Surgical Technique with the Quality of Life of Male Patients Treated for Abdominal Aorta Aneurysms: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVES: The achievement of a good health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become one of the primary objectives of medical-surgical interventions. The objective of this study is to determine the HRQoL of patients who underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery and to analyse the influence of age on HRQoL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational cross-sectional study with 151 male patients who underwent an operation for AAAs between January 2013 and December 2020 in two hospital centres. HRQoL was assessed with the Spanish version of the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), starting in the month following the surgical intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using hypothesis tests and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 73 years (SD: 7), and the mean interval between surgery and the interview was 37 months (SD: 27). The scores of the Physical Function (p = 0.001), Vitality (p = 0.016), Social Function (p = 0.014), and Mental Health (p = 0.007) dimensions of the SF-36 were significantly lower in the older age groups. In addition, the scores on the Physical Summary Component (p = 0.003) and the Mental Summary Component (p = 0.026) were significantly lower among individuals older than 70 years of age. The HRQoL in patients who underwent operations for AAAs was similar to that reported in the general population of Spain. Patients with an aorto-aortic shunt had better scores on the Physical Function (Beta: 10; p = 0.014) and Mental Health (Beta: 8.12; p = 0.040) dimensions than those who had an aorto-bi-iliac or bifemoral shunt, regardless of the age of the patients at operation. CONCLUSION: Among patients who underwent an operation for an AAA, there was a negative association between the age at operation and scores on the Physical Function, Vitality, Social Function, and Mental Health dimensions of the SF-36. The type of surgical technique influences the evolution of Physical Function and Mental Health scores, regardless of age.

Quality of Life for Patients Receiving Elective Interventions for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Objectives: Information on the quality of life of patients operated on for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is scarce. The objective of this study was to analyse these patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Patients undergoing elective AAA surgery from January 2013 to December 2020 were included. The Spanish version of the SF-36 questionnaire was administered to participants one to sixty months after surgery. Results: During the study period, 178 patients underwent surgery for AAA, 109 (61.23%) had open abdominal aortic repair (AAR) and 69 (38.54%) had endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Mortality before the month of surgery was higher among those treated by AAR than EVAR (2.7% and 1.45%, respectively), while late mortality was higher in the EVAR group than in the AAR group (11.5% and 2.7%, respectively). In the late postoperative period, 12.5% of patients who underwent AAR presented complications compared to 25% of those treated with EVAR. The questionnaire was administered to 151 patients (91 AAR and 60 EVAR patients). The AAR patients compared to the EVAR patients had significantly higher mean scores on the health scales of the SF-36 questionnaire in Physical Function (p = 0.001), Vitality (p = 0.003), General Health (p = 0.37), Social Function (p = 0.023) and Mental Health (p = 0.006). Scores on the Mental Summary Component were significantly higher in the AAR group (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The group of patients treated with AAR showed the highest average scores on the scales of the SF-36 questionnaire in Physical Function, Vitality, General Health and Mental Health. The worst result was found in the Social Function scale for EVAR patients and was related to a higher rate of late complications.

Quality of Life of Patients Treated for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Open Surgery and Endoprosthesis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the degree of long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients undergoing surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and to analyze the results according to the type of treatment, namely, open abdominal repair (OAR) or endoprosthesis (EVAR). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study. Patients receiving intervention for AAA between January 2013 and December 2020 were included. The Spanish version of the SF-36 questionnaire was used. A single survey was performed on all patients, and the time elapsed since the intervention was recorded. RESULTS: On all health scales and in the two groups of patients, the highest scores were recorded at six months postoperatively. At that time, the EVAR and OAR groups had similar values. Between 13 and 16 months postoperatively, EVAR patients presented a transient but significant decrease in their scores for physical function (p = 0.016), vitality (p = 0.035) and social function (p = 0.041). From that moment, there were progressive decreases in the scores of the two groups of patients on all the scales of the SF-36 questionnaire, although this trend was less pronounced in the OAR group. At 60 months after the intervention, the latter group showed significantly higher values than EVAR for physical function (p = 0.01), vitality (p = 0.032) and mental health (p = 0.029). Additionally, at 60 months after the intervention, the Sum of the psychological component (MCS) and Sum of the physical component (PCS) scores were significantly higher in the OAR group (p = 0.040 and p = 0.039, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In the short term, patients treated for AAA by EVAR or OAR showed similar results on the SF-36 questionnaire. In the long term, patients treated by EVAR had lower scores on the physical function, vitality and mental health scales.

Evolución de endofugas tipo ii tras reparación endovascular de aneurismas aortoiliacos infrarrenales / Outcome of type ii endoleaks after endovascular infrarenal aortoiliac aneurysms repair

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las endofugas tipo II ocurren en el 10 y el 45% de los pacientes sometidos a reparación endovascular de aneurismas aortoiliacos infrarrenales. La mayoría son benignas y se resuelven espontáneamente, pero hay un porcentaje que persiste. Nuestro objetivo es describir el comportamiento de estas endofugas en nuestro centro: efecto sobre el saco y el paciente, y necesidad de tratamiento. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Entre febrero del 2009 y diciembre del 2013 se implantaron en nuestro centro 236 endoprótesis tipo Endurant II(R). Recogimos datos demográficos, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, anatomía de los aneurismas, eventos periprocedimiento, persistencia de la endofuga, efecto sobre el saco, tasa de reintervención y mortalidad. Se realizó un análisis actuarial mediante curvas de Kaplan Meyer. RESULTADOS: Observamos 47 endofugas tipo II (20,8%). El seguimiento medio fue de 16,94 meses, contabilizándose 12 pérdidas (25,5%). La endofuga desapareció en 21 pacientes (44,7%), en 16 casos en los primeros 6 meses (34,0%). El saco creció en 5 casos (10,6%), con rotura en uno de ellos y fallecimiento intraquirófano (2,1%). La supervivencia libre de crecimiento a 31 meses es del 70,6% y la supervivencia libre de rotura es a 44 meses del 75,1%. Cinco pacientes precisaron reintervención (10,6%): 2 por crecimiento sintomático del saco y 3 por complicaciones del dispositivo. Fallecieron 7 pacientes (en un caso en relación con el aneurisma): la supervivencia global a 58 meses es del 76,3%. CONCLUSIÓN: Las endofugas tipo II pueden condicionar crecimiento del saco aneurismástico con riesgo de rotura y fallecimiento. Deben realizarse un seguimiento estrecho y un planteamiento temprano de su tratamiento ante la persistencia y el crecimiento del saco

INTRODUCTION: Type II endoleaks occur in 10-45% of patients undergoing endovascular infrarenal aortoiliac aneurysms repair. Most of them are benign and resolve spontaneously, but there is a percentage that persists. The behaviour of these endoleaks in this centre is described, including the effect on aneurysm sac, on the patient, and reinterventions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 236 Endurant II(R) stent grafts implanted between February 2009 and December 2013. A record was made of the demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, anatomy of aneurysms, peri-procedural events, persistent endoleak, effect on the sac, reintervention rate, and mortality. Actuarial analysis was performed using Kaplan Meyer curves. RESULTS: A total of 47 type II endoleaks (20.8%) were observed. Mean follow-up was 16.94 months, with 12 cases lost (25.5%). The endoleak disappeared in 21 patients (44.7%), and in 16 cases within the first 6 months (34.0%). The sac grew in 5 cases (10.6%), with one rupture and death in the operating room (2.1%). Freedom from growth at 31 months was 70.6%, and freedom from rupture at 44 months was 75.1%. Reintervention (10.6%) was required in 5 patients: 2 symptomatic growth of sac, and 3 device related complications. There were 7 deaths (in one case due to an aneurysm): overall survival at 58 months was 76.3%. CONCLUSION: Type II endoleaks may lead to aneurysm sac growth with risk of rupture and death. Persistent endoleaks with sac enlargement should be closely monitored in order that they can be treated early

Aneurisma arterioesclerótico de la carótida interna extracraneal / Arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the extracranial internal carotid artery

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Dosis de radiación recibida por el paciente durante el tratamiento endovascular de los aneurismas de aorta abdominal / The radiation dose received by patients during endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Introducción. Las técnicas endovasculares se utilizan cada vez con mayor frecuencia en el tratamiento de los aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA), para lo que es necesario emplear mayores dosis de radiación en los pacientes, tanto en el diagnóstico como en el procedimiento y su seguimiento posterior, que en el tratamiento quirúrgico convencional. Es imprescindible delimitar los niveles de referencia de dosis de radiación necesarios para la ejecución del procedimiento. Objetivo. Cuantificar la dosis total que reciben los pacientes sometidos a esta modalidad de tratamiento. Pacientes y métodos. Se analiza de forma observacional-prospectiva a 46 pacientes con AAA tratados mediante abordaje endovascular en el año 2004, de los cuales 27 reciben un montaje aortomonoilíaco y 19 bifurcado. Resultados. Se obtiene una dosis de radiación total de 48,62 mSv el primer año; esta dosis no difiere entre los pacientes a los que se les coloca una endoprótesis aortomonoilíaca o una bifurcada. Conclusiones. La dosis obtenida no produce un efecto nocivo apreciable el primer año en lo que respecta a efectos deterministas de la dosis empleada. La mayor parte de la dosis recibida se debe a los estudios con tomografía axial computarizada. La resonancia magnética puede jugar un papel muy importante para la reducción de la dosis necesaria en el futuro

Introduction. It is becoming increasingly more frequent to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) using endovascular techniques and as a result the doses of radiation patients receive, both in the diagnosis and intervention as well as in the ensuing follow-up, are higher than in conventional surgical treatment. It is essential to define the reference radiation dosage levels that are needed to perform the operation. Aim. To quantify the total dose received by patients submitted to this kind of treatment. Patients and methods. An observational-prospective study was conducted to analyse 46 patients with AAA who were treated using an endovascular approach in the year 2004; aortomonoiliac devices were utilised in 27 cases and 19 received bifurcated stents. Results. A total radiation dose of 48.62 mSv was obtained in the first year; patients received the same dose regardless of whether an aortomonoiliac or a bifurcated stent had been placed. Conclusions. The dose obtained does not give rise to any appreciable adverse effects in the first year as far as dosage-determined effects are concerned. The greater part of the dose received by patients is due to the computerised axial tomography scans that are carried out. Magnetic resonance imaging can play an important role in reducing the doses that are required in the future

Tratamiento endovascular de fístula arteriovenosa y falso aneurisma poplíteos postraumáticos. Presentación de un caso / Endovascular treatment of post-traumatic popliteal arteriovenous fistula and false aneurysm. A case report

Introducción. La fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) postraumática que afecta a los vasos poplíteos es una patología de incidencia escasa cuyo tratamiento hasta ahora ha sido quirúrgico; no obstante, también se puede lograr la oclusión de la fístula mediante la implantación de un stent recubierto intraarterial, con reducción extraordinaria tanto del tiempo quirúrgico como de la estancia hospitalaria del paciente. Caso clínico. Varón de 29 años con una FAV en la segunda porción de poplítea derecha, así como falso aneurisma de dos años de evolución provocados por traumatismo por arma blanca. Tras el estudio preoperatorio correspondiente que incluía eco-Doppler y arteriografía, se decidió tratamiento mediante técnica endovascular, que consistió en la implantación de un stent recubierto en la arteria poplítea, con lo que se consiguió al mismo tiempo la oclusión de la fístula y de la comunicación con el falso aneurisma. El tiempo quirúrgico fue de 60 minutos, no se requirió transfusión sanguínea y se dio de alta al paciente en el quinto día de postoperatorio. El eco-Doppler realizado a los 90 días de la intervención muestra la arteria y la vena poplíteas permeables con ausencia de comunicación entre ellas, así como trombosis del falso aneurisma. Conclusión. Las técnicas endovasculares constituyen una alternativa a la cirugía en casos de FAV postraumáticas que afectan a vasos de calibre grande y mediano

Introduction. Post-traumatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) involving the popliteal vessels is a pathology with a poor incidence being open surgery its treatment of choice. Nowadays however the total occlusion of the fistula can also be achieved by means of the implantation of a covered stent-graft, which implies an important reduction of both surgical time and hospital stay. Case report. A 29-year old man who had a stab wound in the right popliteal fossa two years earlier was admitted with a popliteal AVF involving the middle popliteal segment along with a false aneurysm. After echo-Doppler examination and arteriography the patient was assessed for endovascular treatment that consisted in the implantation of a covered stent-graft thus achieving the occlusion of both the fistula and the false aneurysm. The procedure lasted 60 minutes, blood transfusion was not required and the patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. 90 days after operation an echo-Doppler examination was performed that showed patency of both artery and vein, absence of fistula and thrombosis of the false aneurysm. Conclusion. Endovascular techniques are an alternative to open surgery in the treatment of post-traumatic AVF involving large or middle size vessels

Reparación endovascular de fístula arteriovenosa femoral bilateral tras cateterismo / Endovascular repair of bilateral arteriovenous femoral fistula following catheterization

Introducción. El aumento del número de cateterismos cardíacos para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la patología cardíaca se ha acompañado de un incremento en la incidencia de complicaciones vasculares. Las fístulas arteriovenosas tras cateterismo tienen una incidencia escasa (1%). Caso clínico. Varón de 64 años con antecedentes de tabaquismo, dislipemia, hipertensión arterial, broncopatía crónica y cardiopatía isquémica crónica que precisó revascularización quirúrgica hace 18 años y angioplastia con implantación de dos stents hace un año. Fue remitido a nuestro servicio por claudicación intermitente a cortas distancias en el miembro inferior izquierdo de aparición brusca tras realización de cateterismo de control. El estudio arteriográfico demostró la presencia de una oclusión segmentaria de la arteria ilíaca externa izquierda y sendas fístulas arteriovenosas en ambos sectores femorales. El paciente fue intervenido de dichos hallazgos mediante técnica endovascular sin complicaciones perioperatorias. Conclusiones. Se distinguen tres tipos de factores de riesgo en el desarrollo de las fístulas arteriovenosas tras cateterismo: relacionados con el paciente, con el procedimiento y la anticoagulación en relación con éste. La reparación endovascular supone un procedimiento menos agresivo que la cirugía convencional en pacientes seleccionados, que ofrece excelentes resultados a corto y medio plazo

INTRODUCTION. The increasing number of cardiac catheterizations for diagnosis and/or treatment of coronary disease has raised the incidence of vascular complications. This incidence is not high in case of postcatheterization arteriovenous fistulae (1%). CASE REPORT. A 64 year-old man with the following clinical backgrounds: cigarette-smoker, dyslipemia, arterial hypertension, chronic bronchopathy and chronic ischemic cardiopathy, underwent coronary revascularisation 18 years ago; two coronary stent grafts were placed one year ago. He was referred to our department because of sudden onset of short distance intermittent claudication immediately after a diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Arteriography showed a left external iliac artery short occlusion and a bilateral femoral arteriovenous fistula. The patient underwent repair of these lesions by using endovascular techniques without complications. CONCLUSIONS. There are three risk factors for the development of postcatheterization arteriovenous fistulae: those related to the patient, the procedure and the anticoagulation. In selected patients, endovascular repair is less aggressive than open surgery and offers excellent short- and medium-term results

Experiencia en nuestro centro en el tratamiento de aneurismas de la aorta infrarrenal rotos mediante prótesis endovasculares / Experience in the treatment of ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms by means of endovascular grafts in our centre

Introducción. La morbimortalidad perioperatoria asociada a la cirugía por la rotura de un aneurisma de la aorta abdominal (AAA) se ha venido manteniendo constante en las últimas décadas, alrededor del 50-70%. Con el desarrollo de las técnicas endovasculares disponemos de una alternativa terapéutica a la cirugía abierta que podría tener éxito para disminuir el número de complicaciones a corto plazo. Pacientes y métodos. Presentamos una serie de 16 pacientes intervenidos entre enero del 2001 y agosto del 2005 por rotura de un AAA. Se emplearon endoprótesis aortomonoilíacas y bifurcadas asociadas a diversos procedimientos como embolización del saco aneurismático o implantación de stents entre la hipogástrica y la ilíaca externa. Resultados. La mortalidad perioperatoria fue del 12,5%. Durante los primeros 30 días hubo cinco reintervenciones (31%), dos Friedrich, dos revisiones por sangrado inguinal y un bypass axilobifemoral. En el 37% de los casos se asoció la implantación de stents recubiertos entre la arteria ilíaca externa e hipogástrica. En el 31% de los casos se embolizó el saco aneurismático con Ethiblock®. En un caso hubo que realizar una interposición de un segmento de dacron en la arteria femoral común por desgarro durante la introducción de la endoprótesis. En los primeros 30 días postoperatorios se produjeron diez complicaciones sistémicas graves en cinco pacientes, incluidos un infarto agudo de miocardio, dos íleos prolongados, dos casos de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, tres casos de insuficiencia renal aguda, y un caso de colitis isquémica que requirió una hemicolectomía. Conclusiones. El uso de técnicas endovasculares en el tratamiento de AAA rotos nos permite reducir la mortalidad a corto plazo a causa de éstos en pacientes seleccionados (AU)

INTRODUCTION. The rate of perioperative morbidity and mortality associated to surgery for rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has remained more or less constant over recent decades, with a value of around 50-70%. The development of endovascular techniques has provided us with an alternative to open surgery that could be successful in lowering the number of short-term complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS. We report on a series of 16 patients submitted to surgery between January 2001 and August 2005 to treat an AAA. Aortomonoiliac and bifurcated stents were employed in association with different procedures such aneurysmal sac embolisation or the placement of stents between the hypogastric and external iliac arteries. RESULTS. Perioperative mortality rate was 12.5%. During the first 30 days there were five reinterventions (31%), two Friedrich, two revisions due to inguinal bleeding and one axillobifemoral bypass. In 37% of cases placement of covered stent-grafts between the external iliac and hypogastric arteries was associated to the treatment. In 31% of cases the aneurysmal sac was embolised with Ethiblock®. In one case a segment of dacron had to be inserted in the common femoral artery due to a laceration that occurred during placement of the stent. In the first 30 days of the post-operative period ten severe systemic complications occurred in five patients. These included one acute myocardial infarction, two prolonged ileus, two cases of acute respiratory failure, three cases of acute renal failure, and one case of ischaemic colitis that required a hemicolectomy. CONCLUSIONS. The use of endovascular techniques in the treatment of ruptured AAA makes it possible to reduce the short-term mortality rates from this condition in selected patients (AU)

Aneurisma idiopático de aorta abdominal en una paciente de 8 años de edad / Idiopathic abdominal aortic aneurysm in an 8-year-old female patient

Introducción. Los aneurismas aórticos son una entidad excepcional en la edad pediátrica y, habitualmente, se presentan asociados a otras enfermedades. Caso clínico. Paciente de sexo femenino, de 8 años de edad, que acudió al hospital con una historia de dolor abdominal y la presencia de una masa hipogástrica pulsátil que correspondía a un aneurisma aórtico gigante. Conclusión. Ante la excepcionalidad de la patología, tanto el diagnóstico como un tratamiento quirúrgico precoz fueron las claves para la completa recuperación de la paciente. La elección correcta de la técnica quirúrgica y los materiales usados probablemente permitieron el crecimiento sin la aparición de problemas derivados de la prótesis (AU)

INTRODUCTION. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are very rare in children. They are usually associated with well-known medical conditions but some are idiopathic. CASE REPORT. An 8-year-old girl who was admitted to hospital with abdominal pain and a large abdominal pulsatile mass corresponding to a large aortic aneurysm. CONCLUSION. An accurate diagnosis and a prompt surgical treatment led to a quick and successful recovery. A right choice of both, surgical technique and prosthetic material, probably let a free-complication growth-up of this patient (AU)