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1.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(suppl 1): e20230924, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39319833

RESUMEN

The cultivation of marine shrimp is one of the fastest growing activities in the world. However, the emergence of diseases has resulted in a decrease in production and losses for the sector. Probiotics emerged as an option to the use of antibiotics to control these pathogens. The efficiency of applying this technology depends on the characteristics of the bacterial agents and their bioavailability in the shrimp intestine. The objective is to evaluate the viability and efficiency of bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of healthy crustaceans as probiotic agents in the cultivation of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Eighteen strains of the genus Bacillus belonging to the following species were tested: Bacillus sp., B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. circulans, B. megaterium, B. subtilis and B. agaridevorans. Bacterial isolates were subjected to characterization as potential probiotics. The test results were considered satisfactory; thus, the tested strains have potential for use as probiotics in shrimp culture. Treatments that used of the genus Bacillus had reduced growth of the genus Vibrio after infection, both in the intestinal contents and in the intestine. With the results obtained, it can be suggested that further research be carried out on the probiotic potential of Bacillus sp.


Asunto(s)
Bacillus , Tracto Gastrointestinal , Probióticos , Animales , Bacillus/fisiología , Bacillus/clasificación , Bacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Tracto Gastrointestinal/microbiología , Penaeidae/microbiología , Vibrio/fisiología
2.
Monogr Oral Sci ; 32: 212-235, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39321776

RESUMEN

The awareness of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) has led to its increased clinical detection, consequently drawing more attention to its associated complications. This text offers an overview of the esthetic management of anterior teeth affected by MIH, a condition characterized by enamel defects that present significant cosmetic challenges. The focus is on the clinical presentation of MIH characteristics, considering the depth of lesions and the clinical aspects, and the treatment protocols available, despite a lack of extensive scientific evidence. To the best of the current scientific knowledge, the text evaluates the potential of minimally invasive procedures, as well as the use of traditional composite resin techniques and their possible combinations, highlighting the critical role of esthetic considerations for the impacted anterior teeth. The chapter is augmented with five illustrative clinical cases that display the practical application of these treatment approaches. These examples articulate the clinical decision-making process and personalized restorative strategies, aiming to balance function with enhanced esthetic results. The described cases act as a roadmap for clinicians tackling the complexities of MIH treatment in the context of limited empirical evidence, providing insights into achieving both satisfactory and esthetically pleasing outcomes for patients suffering from this condition.


Asunto(s)
Hipoplasia del Esmalte Dental , Estética Dental , Incisivo , Humanos , Hipoplasia del Esmalte Dental/terapia , Incisivo/patología , Femenino , Restauración Dental Permanente/métodos , Masculino , Resinas Compuestas , Adulto , Hipomineralización Molar
3.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1432816, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39206202

RESUMEN

The use of flow cytometry in mice is constrained by several factors, including the limited availability of mouse-specific antibodies and the need to work with small volumes of peripheral blood. This is particularly challenging for longitudinal studies, as serial blood samples should not exceed 10% of the total blood volume in mice. To address this, we have developed two novel flow cytometry panels designed to extensively analyze immune cell populations in mice during longitudinal studies, using only 50 µL of peripheral blood per panel. Additionally, a third panel has been designed to conduct a more detailed analysis of cytotoxic and inhibitory markers at the end point. These panels have been validated on a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation model. Two experiments were conducted to 1) validate the panels' sensitivity to immune challenges (n=12) and 2) to assess intrinsic variability of measurements (n=5). In both experiments, we collected 50 µL of peripheral blood for each cytometry panel from the maxillary venous sinus. All antibodies were titrated to identify the optimal concentration that maximized the signal from the positive population while minimizing the signal from the negative population. Samples were processed within 1 hour of collection using a MACSQuant Analyzer 16 cytometer. Our results demonstrate that these immunological panels are sensitive enough to detect changes in peripheral blood after LPS induction. Moreover, our findings help determine the sample size needed based on the immune population variability. In conclusion, the panels we have designed enable a comprehensive analysis of the murine immune system with a low blood volume requirement, enabling the measure of both absolute values and relative percentages effectively. This approach provides a robust platform for longitudinal studies in mice and can be used to uncover significant insights into immune responses.


Asunto(s)
Citometría de Flujo , Lipopolisacáridos , Animales , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Ratones , Lipopolisacáridos/inmunología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Inmunofenotipificación/métodos , Femenino , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Neumonía/inmunología , Neumonía/sangre
4.
Infect Dis Poverty ; 13(1): 41, 2024 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38822396

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Leishmania infantum is endemic in the Mediterranean region, presenting mostly as visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In Portugal, reporting of VL cases to public health authorities is mandatory, but significant underreporting is likely. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the VL cases diagnosed in hospitals of the Portuguese National Health Service (NHS), between 2010 and 2020. METHODS: Collaboration was requested to every hospital of the Portuguese NHS in Mainland Portugal. Cases were screened through a search of diagnostic discharge codes or, if not available, by a search of positive laboratory results for Leishmania infection. Sociodemographic and clinical data was retrieved from medical records. Simultaneously, the National Health authority was contacted to request access to data of notified cases of VL between 2010 and 2020. Descriptive, hypothesis testing and multiple binary logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS: A total of 221 VL cases were identified. A significant increase in estimated national incidence was seen in the years after 2016 (P = 0.030). VL was predominantly diagnosed in people living with HIV (PLWH) and in children (representing around 60% of the new cases), but the outcome was generally poorer in non-HIV patients with associated immunosuppression, with significantly lower rates of clinical improvement at 7 (P = 0.003) and 30 days (P = 0.008) after treatment. Atypical presentations, with gastrointestinal and/or respiratory involvement, were seen in 8.5% of VL cases. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was diagnosed in 40.0% of children under 5 years of age. Only 49.7% of incident VL cases were reported. Simultaneous involvement of the skin was confirmed in 5.9% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: VL presents a continuing threat in Portugal, especially to PLWH and children, and an increasing threat to other immunosuppressed groups. Recent increases in incidence should be closely monitored to allow prompt interventions. Programs to control the disease should focus on providing tools for earlier diagnosis and on reducing underreporting and promoting an integrated surveillance of human and animal disease. These data should be combined with asymptomatic infection and vector information, following a One Health approach.


Asunto(s)
Hospitales Públicos , Leishmaniasis Visceral , Leishmaniasis Visceral/epidemiología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/diagnóstico , Humanos , Portugal/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Estudios Retrospectivos , Preescolar , Adolescente , Lactante , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hospitales Públicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Incidencia , Adulto Joven , Leishmania infantum/aislamiento & purificación , Anciano , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Recién Nacido
5.
Eat Behav ; 53: 101884, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38781820

RESUMEN

Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) and its psychological impacts on women, especially within sexual minorities, are still relatively understudied. The objective of this study was to compare the relationship of MD symptoms and psychological distress between heterosexual women and lesbian/bisexual women. Our sample consisted of 479 Brazilian cisgender women from the community, aged between 18 and 70 years (M = 32.78; SD = 10.45). Among them, 327 (68.27 %) identified as heterosexual, 134 (27.98 %) as bisexual, and 18 (3.76 %) as lesbian. To ensure there was no bias due to measurement error, the psychometric properties of the instruments in the sample were tested, and invariance between the groups was assessed. t-tests, structural equation modeling, and latent profile analyses were conducted to comprehend the differences between the groups. The results indicated significant differences and a greater severity of MD symptoms and distress for lesbian/bisexual women. The implications of these results are discussed, emphasizing the need for further exploration of MD studies within sexual minorities.


Asunto(s)
Heterosexualidad , Homosexualidad Femenina , Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Heterosexualidad/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Adolescente , Homosexualidad Femenina/psicología , Anciano , Minorías Sexuales y de Género/psicología , Trastorno Dismórfico Corporal/psicología , Brasil , Bisexualidad/psicología , Imagen Corporal/psicología , Psicometría/instrumentación , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
6.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 2024 May 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38773036

RESUMEN

A mining tailing dam rupture in Brazil in November 2015 released millions of tons of mining waste into the Rio Doce ecosystem, leading to long-term aquatic ecosystem impacts. Although multiple lines of evidence indicate tailings associations with potentially toxic elements in estuarine sediments and biological impact and bioaccumulation pathways in fishes, the extent of contamination in base benthic species is still largely unknown. Moreover, Rare Earth Elements (REE) have not received any attention in this regard. This study assessed REE in fiddler crabs (Minuca rapax) sampled from the Rio Doce estuary in 2017, nearly 2 years after the disaster. The ΣREE in crab hepatopancreas and muscle were high (327.83 mg kg-1 w.w. and 33.84 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively, compared to other assessments in crabs, indicating a preference for REE bioaccumulation in the hepatopancreas compared to muscle. Neodimium, La, and Ce were detected at the highest concentrations. The REE from the Rio Doce Basin were, thus, transported and deposited in the estuary with the mine tailings slurry, leading to bioaccumulation in crabs. This may lead to trophic effects and other ecological impacts not readily measured by typical impact assessment studies, revealing an invisible and not typically acknowledged damage to the Rio Doce estuary.

7.
Arch Pharm (Weinheim) ; 357(7): e2400059, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38627301

RESUMEN

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Worldwide, an estimated 8 million people are infected with T. cruzi, causing more than 10,000 deaths per year. Currently, only two drugs, nifurtimox and benznidazole (BNZ), are approved for its treatment. However, both are ineffective during the chronic phase, show toxicity, and produce serious side effects. This work aimed to obtain and evaluate novel 2-nitroimidazole-N-acylhydrazone derivatives analogous to BNZ. The design of these compounds used the two important pharmacophoric subunits of the BNZ prototype, the 2-nitroimidazole nucleus and the benzene ring, and the bioisosterism among the amide group of BNZ and N-acylhydrazone. The 27 compounds were obtained by a three-step route in 57%-98% yields. The biological results demonstrated the potential of this new class of compounds, since eight compounds were potent and selective in the in vitro assay against T. cruzi amastigotes and trypomastigotes using a drug-susceptible strain of T. cruzi (Tulahuen) (IC50 = 4.3-6.25 µM) and proved to be highly selective with low cytotoxicity on L929 cells. The type I nitroreductase (TcNTR) assay suggests that the new compounds may act as substrates for this enzyme.


Asunto(s)
Hidrazonas , Nitroimidazoles , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Parasitaria , Tripanocidas , Trypanosoma cruzi , Trypanosoma cruzi/efectos de los fármacos , Tripanocidas/farmacología , Tripanocidas/síntesis química , Tripanocidas/química , Nitroimidazoles/farmacología , Nitroimidazoles/química , Nitroimidazoles/síntesis química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Animales , Hidrazonas/farmacología , Hidrazonas/síntesis química , Hidrazonas/química , Enfermedad de Chagas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Chagas/parasitología , Ratones , Estructura Molecular , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos
8.
Microorganisms ; 12(4)2024 Apr 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38674763

RESUMEN

Leishmania infantum, a zoonotic vector-born parasite, is endemic in the Mediterranean region, presenting mostly as visceral (VL), but also as cutaneous (CL) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the CL and ML cases diagnosed in mainland Portugal between 2010 and 2020. Collaboration was requested from every hospital of the Portuguese National Health System. Cases were screened through a search of diagnostic discharge codes or positive laboratory results for Leishmania infection. Simultaneously, a comprehensive literature search was performed. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing were performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics. A total of 43 CL and 7 ML cases were identified, with a predominance of autochthonous cases (86%). In CL, immunosuppressed individuals constituted a significant proportion of patients (48%), and in this group, disseminated CL (22%) and simultaneous VL (54%) were common. In autochthonous cases, lesions, mostly papules/nodules (62%), were frequently observed on the head (48%). The approach to treatment was very heterogeneous. ML cases were all autochthonous, were diagnosed primarily in older immunosuppressed individuals, and were generally treated with liposomal amphotericin B. The findings suggest a need for enhanced surveillance and reporting, clinical awareness, and diagnostic capacity of these forms of leishmaniasis to mitigate underdiagnosis and improve patient outcomes. A holistic One Health approach is advocated to address the multifaceted challenges posed by leishmaniases in Portugal and beyond.

9.
BioTech (Basel) ; 13(2)2024 Mar 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38651488

RESUMEN

In response to the escalating demand for sustainable agricultural methodologies, the utilization of microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as antagonists against phytopathogens has emerged as a viable eco-friendly alternative. Microbial volatiles exhibit rapid diffusion rates, facilitating prompt chemical interactions. Moreover, microorganisms possess the capacity to emit volatiles constitutively, as well as in response to biological interactions and environmental stimuli. In addition to volatile compounds, these bacteria demonstrate the ability to produce soluble metabolites with antifungal properties, such as APE Vf, pyoverdin, and fragin. In this study, we identified two Pseudomonas strains (BJa3 and MCal1) capable of inhibiting the in vitro mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Aspergillus flavus, which serves as the causal agent of diseases in sugarcane and maize. Utilizing GC/MS analysis, we detected 47 distinct VOCs which were produced by these bacterial strains. Notably, certain volatile compounds, including 1-heptoxydecane and tridecan-2-one, emerged as primary candidates for inhibiting fungal growth. These compounds belong to essential chemical classes previously documented for their antifungal activity, while others represent novel molecules. Furthermore, examination via confocal microscopy unveiled significant morphological alterations, particularly in the cell wall, of mycelia exposed to VOCs emitted by both Pseudomonas species. These findings underscore the potential of the identified BJa3 and MCal1 Pseudomonas strains as promising agents for fungal biocontrol in agricultural crops.

10.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 148: 109471, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38452959

RESUMEN

Lectins are proteins capable of recognizing and binding to glycan in a specific way. In invertebrates, lectins are a crucial group of Pattern Recognition Proteins (PRRs), activating cellular and humoral responses in the innate immune system. The shrimp Penaeus vannamei is the main crustacean cultivated worldwide, however, the productivity of cultures is strongly affected by diseases, mainly viral ones, such as Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN). Thus, we investigated the participation of five lectins (LvAV, LvCTL4, LvCTL5, LvCTLU, and LvLdlrCTL) in IMNV-challenged shrimp. We verified upregulation gene profiles of lectins after IMNV-challenge, especially in hepatopancreas and gills, in addition to an increase in total hemocytes count (THC) after to 12 h post-infection (hpi). The bioinformatics characterization also revealed several sites of post-translational modification (PTM), such as phosphorylation and glycosylation, which possibly influence the action and stabilization of these lectins. We conclude that LvLdlrCTL and LvCTL5 are the lectins with greater participation in the activation of the immune system against IMNV, showing the greatest potential for PTM, higher upregulation levels, and overlapping with the THC and IMNV viral load.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Musculares , Penaeidae , Animales , Lectinas , Salinidad
11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38431891

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Suicide is a worldwide health concern and up to date there is no good predictor of it except a previous suicide attempt. Therefore, there are increasing efforts in the understanding of which factors, genetic or environmental, are associated with suicide behaviour. OBJECTIVE: To review evidence of the effect of childhood trauma and impulsivity on suicidal behavior through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Searches were conducted on the 12th of June 2021 in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Two reviewers evaluated each record for eligibility and discussed upon disagreement, when no consensus was reached, a third reviewer was involved to make a decision. RESULTS: A total of 11,530 records were identified through the searches. After duplicates were removed, 6,595 records remained to be screened. The full text was sought for 1,561 records. Our qualitative synthesis included 22 studies, from which 9 were included in the meta-analyses. We found a significant effect of sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse and physical neglect on suicide attempts in the prisoners, and Substance Use Diorder (SUD) subgroups. Moreover, there was a significant effect of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) total score and emotional neglect dimension for all the subgroups. CONCLUSION: The present study has provided an overview of the state-of-the-art research on childhood trauma and impulsivity and their association with suicidal behavior and quantified their effects on suicide attempts. Hopefully this evidence will be considered in future research and harnessed for clinical gain in detection and treatment of suicide behaviour.

12.
One Health ; 18: 100697, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38463613

RESUMEN

Objective: To compare the current knowledge and practices regarding leishmaniasis among blood donors and health students and professionals, in Portugal. Material and methods: Data were collected through the application of two questionnaires (one online and one in paper) with similar questions in two distinct cross-sectional independent studies, each targeting one of the groups. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing were performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics. Results: In total, 3763 blood donors, 254 students and 232 professionals were included in the comparative analysis. Over 95% of students and professionals, but only around 70% of blood donors had previously heard of leishmaniasis. Over 90% of participants in each group admitted leishmaniasis affected animals, but only in the professional group over 90% were aware of human leishmaniasis. Conclusions: Even though canine leishmaniasis is recognized by many blood donors and by most students and professionals, awareness of the disease in humans is less common, highlighting the importance of promoting an approach to this infection through a One Health lens.

13.
Front Immunol ; 15: 1341313, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38404583

RESUMEN

The development of mRNA vaccines represented a significant achievement in response to the global health crisis during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Evaluating vaccine efficacy entails identifying different anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, such as total antibodies against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the S-protein, or neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). This study utilized an innovative PETIA-based kit to measure NAb, and the investigation aimed to assess whether levels of anti-RBD IgG and NAb uniformly measured 30 days after vaccination could predict individuals at a higher risk of subsequent infection in the months following vaccination. Among a cohort of healthy vaccinated healthcare workers larger than 6,000, 12 mRNA-1273- and 115 BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals contracted infections after the first two doses. The main finding is that neither anti-RBD IgG nor NAb levels measured at day 30 post-vaccination can be used as predictors of breakthrough infections (BI). Therefore, the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detected shortly after vaccination are not the pivotal factors involved in antiviral protection, and other characteristics must be considered in understanding protection against infection. Furthermore, the levels of anti-RBD and NAbs followed a very similar pattern, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.96. This robust correlation would justify ceasing the quantification of NAbs, as the information provided by both determinations is highly similar. This optimization would help allocate resources more efficiently and speed up the determination of individuals' humoral immunity status.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Neutralizantes , COVID-19 , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacuna BNT162 , Infección Irruptiva , COVID-19/prevención & control , Anticuerpos Antivirales , ARN Mensajero , Vacunación , Inmunoglobulina G
14.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 264(Pt 1): 130384, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38395282

RESUMEN

The present work describes the process of degradation of a polyelectrolytic complex (PEC) based on sodium alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CHI), buried for different time intervals, in a clayey soil (ultisol) collected from the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The influence of PEC on soil moisture was also investigated. The results showed that soil moisture increased with the presence of PEC after 7 days of testing, and remained high until the end of the study. FTIR and Raman spectra showed that the breaking of the glycosidic bond (C-O-C) was responsible for the PEC degradation. Thermogravimetry results revealed that alginate was possibly degraded faster than chitosan. Microscopic analysis of the PEC revealed a fragile and fragmented surface of the samples that were buried, in comparison with those not buried. The microbiological assays of the soil confirmed the biodegradation of the polysaccharides. Chemical analysis of soil indicated that PEC did not significantly influence soil fertility. Therefore, we conclude that the PEC (ALG: CHI), formed only by electrostatic interaction, buried in clayey soil, even being biodegraded, can be a promising soil conditioner for agricultural applications.


Asunto(s)
Quitosano , Quitosano/química , Alginatos/química , Suelo , Brasil , Polielectrolitos/química
15.
J Chem Inf Model ; 64(2): 393-411, 2024 01 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38194508

RESUMEN

Around three billion people are at risk of infection by the dengue virus (DENV) and potentially other flaviviruses. Worldwide outbreaks of DENV, Zika virus (ZIKV), and yellow fever virus (YFV), the lack of antiviral drugs, and limitations on vaccine usage emphasize the need for novel antiviral research. Here, we propose a consensus virtual screening approach to discover potential protease inhibitors (NS3pro) against different flavivirus. We employed an in silico combination of a hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) model and molecular docking on characterized binding sites followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which filtered a data set of 7.6 million compounds to 2,775 hits. Lastly, docking and MD simulations selected six final potential NS3pro inhibitors with stable interactions along the simulations. Five compounds had their antiviral activity confirmed against ZIKV, YFV, DENV-2, and DENV-3 (ranging from 4.21 ± 0.14 to 37.51 ± 0.8 µM), displaying aggregator characteristics for enzymatic inhibition against ZIKV NS3pro (ranging from 28 ± 7 to 70 ± 7 µM). Taken together, the compounds identified in this approach may contribute to the design of promising candidates to treat different flavivirus infections.


Asunto(s)
Flavivirus , Pirimidinas , Infección por el Virus Zika , Virus Zika , Humanos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Consenso , Antivirales/química
16.
J Psychiatr Res ; 169: 341-346, 2024 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38091722

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) is one of the most used instruments for the assessment of Mental Disorders, playing an essential role in psychiatric research and in clinical and hospital practice. Despite this, the accuracy of the MINI, when used by a psychiatrist, is poorly studied, particularly in relation to Bipolar Disorder (BD). The early diagnosis of BD and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is extremely important, as it provides an opportunity for intervention that can reduce the impact on the patient's daily life and functionality. As such, this study assesses the suitability of MINI for diagnosing BD or MDD in a sample of patients with mood disorders. METHOD: Agreement between the MINI and the clinical interview was assessed in a sample of 347 outpatients by calculating Cohen's kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 347 patients with mood disorders. 279 were women (80.40%), 105 (30.3%) were diagnosed with MDD and 242 (69.7%) with BD from the assessment performed in the clinical interview. In the MINI assessment, 97 individuals (28%) were classified with a diagnosis of MDD and 250 (72%) with BD. We found a sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity of 62.8% for the MINI in the diagnosis of BD and a Cohen's kappa between the MINI and the clinical interview of 0.51. The AUC was 0.75. CONCLUSIONS: MINI has greater sensitivity (87.2%) for the diagnosis of BD and greater specificity (87.2%) for the diagnosis of MDD. In addition, the moderate Cohen kappa (0.51) and AUC (0.75) values between the MINI and the clinical interview are acceptable when considering most available psychiatric diagnostic tools.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Bipolar , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Trastornos del Humor/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Trastorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Trastorno Bipolar/psicología , Salud Mental , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 83: e0016, 2024. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559589

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT A 41 year-old man presented with unilateral vision loss for a week and constitutional symptoms for 3 months. Ophthalmic evaluation revealed cotton wool spots on the right eye and widespread retinal necrosis and hemorrhage on the left eye, suggestive of cytomegalovirus uveitis and HIV infection and retinopathy, and confirmed by serology. The patient was treated with ganciclovir and highly active antiretroviral therapy and preserved contralateral vision. Clinicians should be aware of uveitis and retinopathies to prevent irreversible vision loss and systemic conditions.


RESUMO Paciente do sexo masculino, 41 anos, com queixa de perda de acuidade visual unilateral por 1 semana e sintomas constitucionais por 3 meses. Ao exame oftalmológico, apresentava exsudatos algodonosos, em olho direito, e áreas de necrose e hemorragias retinianas, em olho esquerdo, com suspeita de uveíte por citomegalovírus e retinopatia por HIV, confirmadas por sorologias. O paciente foi tratado com ganciclovir e terapia antirretroviral e preservou a visão contralateral. Os oftalmologistas devem estar atentos para casos de uveítes e retinopatias, para prevenirem perda visual irreversível e condições sistêmicas.

18.
J Exp Med ; 220(12)2023 12 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37906166

RESUMEN

Due to their suppressive capacity, regulatory T cells (Tregs) have attracted growing interest as an adoptive cellular therapy for the prevention of allograft rejection, but limited Treg recovery and lower quality of adult-derived Tregs could represent an obstacle to success. To address this challenge, we developed a new approach that provides large quantities of Tregs with high purity and excellent features, sourced from thymic tissue routinely removed during pediatric cardiac surgeries (thyTregs). We report on a 2-year follow-up of the first patient treated worldwide with thyTregs, included in a phase I/II clinical trial evaluating the administration of autologous thyTreg in infants undergoing heart transplantation. In addition to observing no adverse effects that could be attributed to thyTreg administration, we report that the Treg frequency in the periphery was preserved during the 2-year follow-up period. These initial results are consistent with the trial objective, which is to confirm safety of the autologous thyTreg administration and its capacity to restore the Treg pool.


Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Corazón , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Adulto , Humanos , Lactante , Rechazo de Injerto , Trasplante Homólogo
19.
Parasit Vectors ; 16(1): 357, 2023 Oct 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37817278

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic infection is the most common outcome of exposure to Leishmania parasites. In the Mediterranean region, where Leishmania infantum is endemic, studies on the prevalence of asymptomatic infection have often relied on serological testing in blood donors. In Spain, regional studies have shown seroprevalence in blood donors between 1 and 8%; in Portugal, values of 0 and 2% were suggested by two localized studies, in different populations. The purpose of this study was (i) to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors in mainland Portugal, and (ii) to study the association between the detection of antibodies to Leishmania and sociodemographic factors, and also the knowledge, perceptions and practices (KPP) of the blood donors regarding leishmaniasis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study targeted the population of people who donated blood in mainland Portugal. Participants, distributed proportionally by municipality and aged between 18 and 65 years, were selected randomly in 347 blood collection points between February and June 2022, and completed a sociodemographic and a KPP questionnaire. Detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in serum was performed using an ELISA commercial kit. Individual KPP scores were calculated by adding grades defined for each question. RESULTS: Globally, 201/3763 samples were positive. The estimated national true seroprevalence was 4.8% (95% CI 4.1-5.5%). The proportion of positive results was significantly different between NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions. Models suggested that seropositivity was significantly higher in male sex, people older than 25 years, or residing in the Centro NUTS2 region, but not in dog owners nor people with lower KPP scores. Overall, 72.3% of participants had previously heard of leishmaniasis and, in multivariate analysis, a higher Knowledge score was associated with age 25-40 years, female sex, ownership of dogs, and higher education. CONCLUSIONS: Global estimated true seroprevalence (4.8%) was similar to previous regional studies in blood donors in neighboring Spain. Higher seroprevalence values in the NUTS2 Centro region were consistent with incidence data from humans and seroprevalence studies in dogs. On the other hand, the low values in the Alentejo and the high values in the northern subregions may be the result of geographical shifts in parasite circulation due to climate change and should prompt localized and integrated, vector, canine, and human research, following a One Health approach.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniasis Visceral , Leishmaniasis , Humanos , Masculino , Animales , Perros , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Portugal/epidemiología , Donantes de Sangre , Infecciones Asintomáticas/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Leishmaniasis/veterinaria , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios , Leishmaniasis Visceral/parasitología
20.
Bioorg Med Chem ; 95: 117488, 2023 11 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37812885

RESUMEN

Zika virus infection is associated to severe diseases such as congenital microcephaly and Zika fever causing serious harm to humans and special concern to health systems in low-income countries. Currently, there are no approved drugs against the virus, and the development of anti-Zika virus drugs is thus urgent. The present investigation describes the discovery and hit expansion of a N-acyl-2-aminobenzothiazole series of compounds against Zika virus replication. A structure-activity relationship study was obtained with the synthesis and evaluation of anti-Zika virus activity and cytotoxicity on Vero cells of nineteen derivatives. The three optimized compounds were 2.2-fold more potent than the initial hit and 20.9, 7.7 and 6.4-fold more selective. Subsequent phenotypic and biochemical assays were performed to evidence whether non-structural proteins, such as the complex NS2B-NS3pro, are related to the mechanism of action of the most active compounds.


Asunto(s)
Infección por el Virus Zika , Virus Zika , Animales , Chlorocebus aethiops , Humanos , Células Vero , Infección por el Virus Zika/tratamiento farmacológico , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Replicación Viral , Antivirales/química , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales
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