[Use of lactusan for the correction of microecological intestinal disturbances in children]. / Primenenie laktusana dlia korrektsii mikroékologicheskikh narushenii kishechnika u detei.

The study demonstrated that lactusan (lactulose) could be used as an effective remedy in dysbacteriosis. Twenty four sick children aged 1 month to 15 years were examined. Administration of lactusan to 21 patients resulted in perceptible improvement of clinical symptoms, mainly to the cessation of diarrhea. In 14 children an increase in the population level of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria and a decrease in the number of opportunistic microorganisms were observed. Lactulose should be referred to prebiotics.

[Medical aspect of food starch]. / Meditsinskii aspeky pishchevogo krakhmala.

In the review are considered aspects of food starch such as its relationship with cancer of the large intestine, its absorption, digestion and metabolism, influence of starch on the composition and biochemical characteristics of microbiocenosis.

[Disorders of kidney function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia]. / Narusheniia funktsional'nogo sostoianiia pochek u bol'nykh dobrokachestvennoi giperplaziei predstatel'noi zhelezy.

The examination of 648 males aged 50 to 86 to conduct an early outpatient detection of renal dysfunction in the elderly men employed an original technique of renal function assessment based on the kinetics of urinary 5-NOK elimination. Renal dysfunctions were revealed in 165 patients, in 159 of them the underlying cause was benign prostatic hyperplasia. The results were compared with those obtained at radionuclide tracing and Reberg-Tareev test. The correlation found indicated the authors' technique informative value and its compatibility with the above methods. Identification of renal dysfunction at early stages of benign prostatic hyperplasia allowed their timely hospitalization and operative treatment which enables the physicians to prevent progression of chronic renal failure in these patients.

[Membrane-destabilizing processes as the universal basis of inflammation]. / Membranodestabiliziruiushchie protsessy kak universal'naia osnova vospaleniia.

It is established that active pyelonephritis and operative stress are accompanied with structural and functional changes in erythrocytic membranes: cholesterol and its ethers rose in quantity as well as difficulty oxidized phospholipids, cation adenosine triphosphatase activity changed. Being nonspecific, these changes seemed more pronounced in the active phase of chronic pyelonephritis. Minor structural rearrangement of membrane lipids in surgical patients indicated uneventful postoperative period. It is suggested that bacterial inflammation in the kidneys and urinary tracts may be related to the above shifts. The adjuvant use of dimephosphone produced a clear-cut membrane-stabilizing effect clinically reflected by reduced inflammation and improved renal function.

[The effect of magnetic and laser therapy on the course of an experimental inflammatory process in the kidneys]. / Vliianie magnitolazeroterapii na techenie vospalitel'nogo protsessa v pochkakh v éksperimente.

Magnetolaserotherapy (impulse power 3.6-15.2 mW, 10-50 mT) in rabbits with acute pyelonephritis resulted in significant improvement against the responses in the control group. Histologically, this appeared as exudation phase reduction, more rapid proliferation, replacement of the inflammation focus for granulation tissue.

[A method of determining the sensitivity of urinary microflora to antibacterial drugs]. / Metod opredeleniia chuvstvitel'nosti mikroflory mochi k antibakterial'nym preparatam.

A method has been developed for speedy determination of urinary microflora sensitivity to antibacterial drugs, which differs from other existing techniques by its simplicity and rapid realization. It is based on the capacity of micro-organisms as an aggregate of particles with a refraction coefficient, different from that of the environment, to increase its optic density by multiplication in a liquid nutrient medium in conditions of unlimited nutrition and space. Thus, increased optic density of a urinary specimen with an added antibacterial agent during incubation in a thermostat would indicate an increased count of micro-organism in the medium, i.e. the lack of sensitivity to the antibiotic in question. Optic density being unchanged under such conditions is evidence of the death (lack of growth) of the micro-organism population and, hence, its sensitivity to the anti-bacterial drug being assessed. The ultimate results being obtainable within 2 to 6 hrs and little effort involved are the advantages of this method over conventional techniques of the determination of urinary flora sensitivity to antibacterial drugs that are in current clinical use. Besides, adequate antibacterial treatment can already be initiated within the first day of admission where this test is used.

[A rapid test of urine microflora sensitivity to antibacterial drugs in the treatment of children with nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the kidney and urinary tract]. / Uskorennoe opredelenie chuvstvitel'nosti mikroflory mochi k antibakterial'nym preparatam v lechenii detei s nespetsificheskimi vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami pochek i mochevyvodiashchikh putei.

The authors describe their own method for rapid determination of urine microflora sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The method is based on the capacity of the microorganisms (as a totality of particles with the refractive index different from that of the medium) of increasing the optical density of the medium under the conditions of unlimited resources of the nutrition and space at the expense of reproduction in a liquid culture medium. The lack of the optical density increase in the urine sample after addition to it of a certain amount of antibacterial substances evidences the death of the population of the microorganisms and of its sensitivity to the antibacterial drug under study. The method proposed by the authors was compared to those widely used in clinical practice. With special reference to a concrete patient, the results obtained with the authors' method turned out to correlate with those derived with the use of the conventional methods for urine microflora sensitivity to antibacterial drugs (the disc method and the triphenyltetrazolium chloride test). That the final result of the investigation can be obtained after 2--6 hours and low labour intensivity of the method permit the institution of adequate antibiotic therapy within the first day since the patient's admission to the hospital.

[Effectiveness of gentamicin sulfate in suppurative-inflammatory processes of varying localization]. / Effektivnost' gentamitsina sul'fata pri gnoino-vospalitel'nykh protsessakh razlichnoi lokalizatsii.

Antibiotic sensitivity of 486 strains of grampositive and gramnegative organisms isolated from patients with purulent infections was studied in vitro. Gentamicin was shown to be highly active as compared to kanamycin and other antibiotics against the main causative agents of purulent inflammatory infections including multiresistant E. coli, Proteus, Ps. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus. High efficiency of gentamicin in therapy of peritonitis, septic conditions, purulent postoperative wounds, infections of the urinary tract, pneumonia, etc. (197 patients) was shown. Positive results were obtained in 87.4 per cent of the cases. Side effects, such as albuminuria, hyperthermic reaction, rash, pruritus were registered in 3 per cent of the patients.