Enhanced ozonation of vanillin catalyzed by highly efficient magnetic MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 catalysts: Synergistic effects and mechanism insights.

In this study, we synthesized magnetic MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 composite catalysts using a straightforward method, yielding catalysts that exhibited outstanding performance in catalyzing the ozonation of vanillin. This exceptional catalytic efficiency arose from the synergistic interplay between MnFe2O4 and ZIF-67. Comprehensive characterization via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that the incorporation of MnFe2O4 promoted the creation of oxygen vacancies, resulting in an increased presence of l adsorbed oxygen (Oads) and the generation of additional ·OH groups on the catalyst surface. Utilizing ZIF-67 as the carrier markedly enhanced the specific surface area of the catalyst, augmenting the exposure of active sites, thus improving the degradation efficiency and reducing the energy consumption. The effects of different experimental parameters (catalyst type, initial vanillin concentration, ozone dosage, initial pH value, and catalyst dosage) were also investigated, and the optimal experimental parameters (300 mg/L1.0-MnFe2O4/ZIF-67, vanillin concentration = 250 mg/L, O3 concentration = 12 mg/min, pH = 7) were obtained. The vanillin removal efficiency of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was increased from 74.95% to 99.54% after 30 min of reaction, and the magnetic separation of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was easy to be recycled and stable, and the vanillin removal efficiency of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was only decreased by about 8.92% after 5 cycles. Additionally, we delved into the synergistic effects and catalytic mechanism of the catalysts through kinetic fitting, reactive oxygen quenching experiments, and electron transfer analysis. This multifaceted approach provides a comprehensive understanding of the enhanced ozonation process catalyzed by MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 composite catalysts, shedding light on their potential applications in advanced oxidation processes. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A stable and recyclable magnetic composite MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 catalyst was synthesized through a simple method. The synergistic effect and catalytic mechanism of the MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 catalyst were comprehensively analyzed and discussed. A kinetic model for the catalytic ozone oxidation of vanillin was introduced, providing valuable insights into the reaction dynamics.

Effects of episodic future thinking in health behaviors for weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Obesity and related diseases have become one of the leading causes of death worldwide, which has been linked to biopsychosocial effects such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, various cancers, depression, and weight stigma. Episodic future thinking (EFT) has been found to support the development of changes in health behaviors. However, the effectiveness of EFT in enhancing weight loss behavior and health outcomes is not well supported. OBJECTIVE: To establish implementation options for the EFT intervention, and critically synthesize the data that assesses the impact of EFT on weight loss behavior and health outcomes. METHODS: Searches were performed across 5 Chinese and 9 English databases systematically from inception to March 2023. Randomized controlled trials, written in English or Chinese were included. Two independent reviewers evaluated all relevant studies, who also assessed the risk of bias, and extracted the data. Meta-analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1. The quantity of evidence's certainty was assessed using the Risk bias assessment tool RoB2 (revised version 2019). This study was registered in PROSPERO. RESULTS: A total of 1740 participants were included, and 18 studies were eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis reported a statistically significant effect size favoring EFT on delay discounting (AUC) (MD = 0.1, 95 % CI: [0.02, 0.17], P = 0.01; I2 = 73 %), delay discounting (K) (MD = -0.85, 95 % CI: [-1.44, -0.26], P = 0.005; I2 = 77 %), energy intake (MD = -107.59, 95 % CI: [-192.21, -22.97], P = 0.01; I2 = 57 %), grocery purchased (SMD: -0.91, 95 % CI:[-1.48, -0.34], P = 0.002; I2 = 63 %), and BMI (MD = -2.73, 95 % CI: [-5.13, -0.32], P = 0.03; I2 = 0 %, two studies). CONCLUSIONS: EFT was found to have favorable effects on delay discounting, energy intake, grocery purchased, and BMI of individuals. The presence of high heterogeneity is evident in most of the outcomes. The modalities of EFT intervention are still in the exploratory phase, there is no consensus on the valence, context type, longest delay time, and practice strategy, and it needs to be further explored for different populations. It is anticipated that additional well-designed studies will continue developing high-quality evidence in this field.

Synergistic mechanism of supported Mn-Ce oxide in catalytic ozonation of nitrofurazone wastewater.

In this study, the catalytic materials of MnOx/γ-Al2O3, CeO2/γ-Al2O3, and MnxCe1-xO2/γ-Al2O3 for catalytic ozonation were synthesized. The catalysts were used in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of the wastewater containing ntrofurazone (NFZ). The effects of the catalytic ozonation operational factors were systematically evaluated in terms of ozone dosing, catalyst dosing, initial NFZ concentration, and pH. The results showed that the catalytic activity of the MnxCe1-xO2/γ-Al2O3 was higher than that of the MnOx/γ-Al2O3 and CeO2/γ-Al2O3. The kinetics analysis revealed that bimetallic loading has a synergistic effect and the mechanism of this effect was investigated in the catalytic ozonation system. The catalysts were characterized by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, IR, and BET. The characteristics of the catalysts revealed that Mn could alter the oxide species on the metal surface and interfere with the formation of CeO2 crystals, which led to smaller grains, enhanced adsorption oxygen, and greater specific surface area. The MnxCe1-xO2/γ-Al2O3 crystals could form a solid solution, which helps higher catalytic activity. This study adds to the understanding of the synergistic mechanism of the loaded Ce-Mn oxide catalysts in the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation system and provides a feasible method for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater.

High-Efficiency Electromagnetic Interference Shielding of rGO@FeNi/Epoxy Composites with Regular Honeycomb Structures.

With the rapid development of fifth-generation mobile communication technology and wearable electronic devices, electromagnetic interference and radiation pollution caused by electromagnetic waves have attracted worldwide attention. Therefore, the design and development of highly efficient EMI shielding materials are of great importance. In this work, the three-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) with regular honeycomb structure (GH) is firstly constructed by sacrificial template and freeze-drying methods. Then, the amino functionalized FeNi alloy particles (f-FeNi) are loaded on the GH skeleton followed by in-situ reduction to prepare rGH@FeNi aerogel. Finally, the rGH@FeNi/epoxy EMI shielding composites with regular honeycomb structure is obtained by vacuum-assisted impregnation of epoxy resin. Benefitting from the construction of regular honeycomb structure and electromagnetic synergistic effect, the rGH@FeNi/epoxy composites with a low rGH@FeNi mass fraction of 2.1 wt% (rGH and f-FeNi are 1.2 and 0.9 wt%, respectively) exhibit a high EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 46 dB, which is 5.8 times of that (8 dB) for rGO/FeNi/epoxy composites with the same rGO/FeNi mass fraction. At the same time, the rGH@FeNi/epoxy composites also possess excellent thermal stability (heat-resistance index and temperature at the maximum decomposition rate are 179.1 and 389.0 °C respectively) and mechanical properties (storage modulus is 8296.2 MPa).