Factors associated with vasoplegic shock in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and influence on morbidity and mortality of the use of arginine vasopressin as rescue therapy.

OBJECTIVES: Analyzing associated factors with vasoplegic shock in the postoperative period of Cardiac Surgery. Analyzing the influence of vasopressin as rescue therapy to first-line treatment with norepinephrine. DESIGN: Cohort, prospective and observational study. SETTING: Main hospital Postoperative Cardiac ICU. PATIENTS: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with subsequent ICU admission from January 2021 to December 2022. INTERVENTIONS: Record of presurgical, perioperative and ICU discharge clinical variables. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: chronic treatment, presence of vasoplegic shock, need for vasopressin, cardiopulmonary bypass time, mortality. RESULTS: 773 patients met the inclusion criteria. The average age was 67.3, with predominance of males (65.7%). Post-CPB vasoplegia was documented in 94 patients (12.2%). In multivariate analysis, vasoplegia was associated with age, female sex, presurgical creatinine levels, cardiopulmonary bypass time, lactate level upon admission to the ICU, and need for prothrombin complex transfusion. Of the patients who developed vasoplegia, 18 (19%) required rescue vasopressin, associated with pre-surgical intake of ACEIs/ARBs, worse Euroscore score and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time. Refractory vasoplegia with vasopressin requirement was associated with increased morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Postcardiopulmonary bypass vasoplegia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Shortening cardiopulmonary bypass times and minimizing products blood transfusion could reduce its development. Removing ACEIs and ARBs prior to surgery could reduce the incidence of refractory vasoplegia requiring rescue with vasopressin. The first-line treatment is norepinephrine and rescue treatment with VSP is a good choice in refractory situations. The first-line treatment of this syndrome is norepinephrine, although rescue with vasopressin is a good complement in refractory situations.

Afectación endotelial por COVID-19 en criobiopsia pulmonar / Covid-19-Related Endothelial Injury in Lung Cryobiopsy

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Influencia de la fragilidad en el pronóstico de pacientes quirúrgicos mayores de 70 años con criterios de ingreso en UCI / Influence of frailty in the outcome of surgical patients over 70 years old with admission criteria in ICU

INTRODUCCIÓN: El grado de fragilidad puede influir más que la edad o la gravedad en el pronóstico de pacientes mayores de 70 años intervenidos de cirugía del aparato digestivo que precisan control postoperatorio inmediato en UCI. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo y observacional de pacientes mayores de 70 años que ingresaron en UCI quirúrgica de un hospital de tercer nivel inmediatamente después de una intervención quirúrgica electiva o urgente sobre el aparato digestivo desde el 1 de junio de 2018 hasta el 1 de junio de 2019. Se registraron al ingreso las variables edad, fragilidad (Clinical Frailty Scale, CFS, y Modified Frailty Index, mFI), gravedad (APACHE II), tipo de cirugía y entidad quirúrgica. Se realizó un análisis bivariante para evaluar la influencia de la fragilidad y gravedad en la morbimortalidad hospitalaria y situación basal del paciente (en cuanto a dependencia) a 6 meses. RESULTADOS: Fueron seleccionados 90 pacientes, de los que el 54,4% fueron reintervenidos; el 74,4% fueron dados de alta inicialmente en UCI, con un reingreso del 28,4% y con relación directa con la fragilidad (CFS y mFI: p < 0,01). La mortalidad global a los 6 meses fue 44,5%, con CFS (OR = 64,3; p < 0,05; IC 95%: 12,3-333,9) y APACHE II (OR = 1,17; p < 0,05; IC 95%: 1,04-1,32) fueron las covariables que mejor se relacionaron. CONCLUSIONES: La estimación de la fragilidad mediante CSF y mFI tiene relación directa con la morbilidad quirúrgica y el reingreso de pacientes graves de edad avanzada ingresados en UCI. Además, CFS y mFI han resultado eficientes como predictores de mortalidad a los 6 meses

INTRODUCTION: Frailty degree can influence more than age or severity in the outcome of patients older than 70 years undergoing surgery of the digestive system that require immediate postoperative control in the ICU. METHODS: A prospective and observational study of patients over 70 years of age who were admitted to the surgical ICU of a third level hospital immediately after an elective or emergent surgical intervention on the digestive system from June 1, 2018 until June 1, 2019. The variables age, frailty Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and modified Frailty Index (mFI), severity (APACHE II), type of surgery, surgical pathology were recorded upon admission. A bivariate analysis was performed to assess the influence of frailty and severity on hospital morbidity and mortality and baseline situation of the patient (in terms of dependence) at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 90 patients were recruited, 54.4% of whom were reoperated; 74.4% were initially discharged from the ICU, with 28.4% of readmission and directly associated to frailty (CFS and mFI: P < 0.01). The overall mortality at 6 months was 44.5% being CFS (OR = 64.3; P < 0.05, 95% CI: 12.3-333.9) and APACHE II (OR = 1.17; P < 0.05; 95% CI: 1.04-1.32) the covariates that best related

Influence of frailty in the outcome of surgical patients over 70 years old with admission criteria in ICU. / Influencia de la fragilidad en el pronóstico de pacientes quirúrgicos mayores de 70 años con criterios de ingreso en UCI.

INTRODUCTION: Frailty degree can influence more than age or severity in the outcome of patients older than 70 years undergoing surgery of the digestive system that require immediate postoperative control in the ICU. METHODS: A prospective and observational study of patients over 70 years of age who were admitted to the surgical ICU of a third level hospital immediately after an elective or emergent surgical intervention on the digestive system from June 1, 2018 until June 1, 2019. The variables age, frailty Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and modified Frailty Index (mFI), severity (APACHE II), type of surgery, surgical pathology were recorded upon admission. A bivariate analysis was performed to assess the influence of frailty and severity on hospital morbidity and mortality and baseline situation of the patient (in terms of dependence) at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 90 patients were recruited, 54.4% of whom were reoperated; 74.4% were initially discharged from the ICU, with 28.4% of readmission and directly associated to frailty (CFS and mFI: P<0.01). The overall mortality at 6 months was 44.5% being CFS (OR = 64.3; P<0.05, 95% CI: 12.3-333.9) and APACHE II (OR = 1.17; P<0.05; 95% CI: 1.04-1.32) the covariates that best related. CONCLUSIONS: The estimation of frailty by CSF and mFI is directly associated to the surgical morbidity and readmission of elderly and severe patients admitted to the ICU. In addition, CFS and mFI has been efficient as a predictive of mortality at 6 months.