The NUMEN project: Heavy-Ion Double Charge Exchange reactions towards 0νββ NME determination / El proyecto NUMEN: reacciones de intercambio de cargas dobles de iones pesados hacia la determinación de 0νββ NME

Abstract NUMEN proposes cross sections measurements of Heavy-Ion double charge exchange reactions as an innovative tool to access the nuclear matrix elements, entering the expression of the life time of Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). A key aspect of the projectis the use at INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) of the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) for the acceleration of the required high resolution and low emittance heavy-ion beams and of MAGNEX large acceptance magnetic spectrometer for the detection of the ejectiles. The experimental measurements of double charge exchange reactions induced by heavy ions present a number of challenging aspects, since such reactions are characterized by very low cross sections. First experimental results give encouraging indication on the capability to access quantitative information towards the determination of the Nuclear Matrix Elements for 0νββ decay.

Resumen NUMEN propone mediciones de secciones eficaces de reacciones de intercambio de carga doble de iones pesados como una herramienta innovadora para acceder a los elementos de la matriz nuclear, entrando en la expresión del tiempo de vida de la desintegración beta doble sin neutrino (0νββ). Un aspecto clave del proyecto es el uso en INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) del ciclotrón superconductor (CS) para la aceleración de los haces de iones pesados de alta resolución y baja emitancia requeridos y del espectrómetro magnético de gran aceptación MAGNEX para la detección de los residuos eyectados. Las mediciones experimentales de reacciones de intercambio de carga doble inducidas por iones pesados presentan una serie de aspectos desafiantes, ya que tales reacciones se caracterizan por secciones eficaces muy bajas. Los primeros resultados experimentales dan una indicación alentadora sobre la capacidad de acceder a información cuantitativa para la determinación de los Elementos de la Matriz Nuclear para la descomposición de 0νββ.

Metastatic neuroblastoma in infants: are survival rates excellent only within the stringent framework of clinical trials?

INTRODUCTION: SIOPEN INES protocol yielded excellent 5-year survival rates for MYCN-non-amplified metastatic neuroblastoma. Patients deemed ineligible due to lack or delay of MYCN status or late registration were treated, but not included in the study. Our goal was to analyse survival at 10 years among the whole population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Italian and Spanish metastatic INES patients' data are reported. SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among 98 infants, 27 had events and 19 died, while 79 were disease free. Five- and 10-year event-free survival (EFS) were 73 and 70 %, and overall survival (OS) was 81 and 74 %, respectively. MYCN status was significant for EFS, but not for OS in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The survival rates of patients who complied with all the inclusion criteria for INES trials are higher compared to those that included also not registered patients. Five-year EFS and OS for INES 99.2 were 87.8 and 95.7 %, while our stage 4s population obtained 78 and 87 %. Concerning 99.3, 5-year EFS and OS were 86.7 and 95.6 %, while for stage 4 we registered 61 and 68 %. MYCN amplification had a strong impact on prognosis and therefore we consider it unacceptable that many patients were not studied for MYCN and probably inadequately treated. Ten-year survival rates were shown to decrease: EFS from 73 to 70 % and OS from 81 to 74 %, indicating a risk of late events, particularly in stage 4s. Population-based registries like European ENCCA WP 11-task 11 will possibly clarify these data.

C9ORF72 G4C2-repeat expansion and frontotemporal dementia first reported case in Argentina.

We present a female patient aged 51 who developed behavioral disorders followed by cognitive impairment over 3 years. Neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and radiological features suggested a probable behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). A family history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism suggested the hexanucleotide repeat expansion G4C2 in C9ORF72 . We set up a two-step genotyping algorithm for the detection of the expansion using fragment-length analysis polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and repeat-primed PCR with fluorescent primers. We confirmed the presence of an expanded G4C2 allele in the patient. This represents the first documented case of bvFTD due to a C9ORF72 expansion in Argentina.

[Extrahospital cardiac arrest: the experience of Mestre Emergency Service]. / Arresto cardiaco extraospedaliero: l'esperienza di Mestre Emergenza.

BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (AC) is one of the leading causes of death in industrialized countries. AC-related mortality can be reduced by rapid intervention. We report the experience of the emergency medical service (EMS) of Mestre on the management of out-of-hospital AC. METHODS: We analyzed 80 cases of out-of-hospital AC observed consecutively by the EMS of Mestre from February 1996 to September 1997: 72 cases (90.0%) involved cardiac etiology and 8 (10.0%) non-cardiac etiology. The 72 cases involving cardiac etiology were divided in three groups: group A) 12 unwitnessed ACs (16.7%); group B) 12 ACs witnessed by EMS personnel (16.7%); group C) 48 bystander-witnessed ACs (66.6%). RESULTS: In group A, in which 4/12 patients (33.3%) presented ventricular fibrillation (FV) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (TV) as initial rhythm, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was obtained in one patient with FV and in one patient with asystole. In group B, 7/12 patients (58.3%) presented FV or TV as initial rhythm; in this subgroup, ROSC was obtained in 71.4% of cases (4 cases with FV and one case with TV) and discharge in 42.9%, while in the subgroup with other rhythms the rate of ROSC was 40.0% (two patients with pulseless electrical activity later died). In group C, 35/48 patients (72.9%) presented VF or TV as initial rhythm; in this subgroup, ROSC was achieved in 42.9% of cases (13 cases with FV and 2 cases with TV) and discharge in 14.3%, while in the subgroup of bystander-witnessed AC with other rhythms the rate of ROSC was extremely low (7.7%) (one patient with asystole later discharged). In group C, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed in 20/48 patients (40.1%). In these patients, FV or TV were more frequently recorded as initial rhythm (80.0 vs 67.9%; p < 0.05). In patients without bystander CPR, the interval between the time of collapse and the time of the first defibrillation was shorter in the patients who were admitted than in patients who died (6.0 +/- 1.4 vs 10.9 +/- 4.4 min; p < 0.05). Considering all patients with FV or TV as initial rhythm and the interval between the collapse and the first defibrillation exactly recorded, the percentage of ROSC decreased when the interval between the collapse and the first defibrillation increased. CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that early defibrillation is the key factor in the prognosis of out-of-hospital AC. The data suggest that the immediate delivery of bystander CPR could extend the interval in which defibrillation is effective.

Relactacao - I. Proposta de uma tecnica para facilitar a estimulacao da lactacao / Relactation - I. Proposal of a technic to facilitate the stimulation of lactation

Os autores propoem uma tecnica de relactacao em maes de criancas reinternadas na Maternidade de Campinas, nos Ambulatorios da Faculdade de Medicina da UNICAMP e do Instituto de Pediatria da UNICAMP e que haviam deixado de amamentar por varios motivos. Aplicam um metodo simples de estimulacao de succao ao seio com sonda nasogastrica tipo adulto, adaptada ao mamilo materno por onde se faz complementacao alimentar com leite humano de Banco, ou leite de vaca, enquanto nao se restabelece a producao lactea. Baseiam sua tecnica fundamentalmente em apoio e assessoria psicologica intensa, succoes frequentes e repetidas do mamilo, para estimular a producao de prolactina, e complementacao alimentar concomitante para reforcar a succao