Do tonsils regrow after partial tonsillectomy? - Histology of regrown tonsils and predisposing factors for tonsillar regrowth.

OBJECTIVES: It has been suggested that after partial tonsillectomy, referred here as tonsillotomy (TT), the remaining tonsillar tissue might be altered, leading to scarring or chronic tonsillitis. The objectives were to compare the histology of regrown tonsillar tissues with native tonsils and to assess the incidence of reoperations and predictive factors for tonsillar regrowth after TT. METHODS: Tonsillar tissues of 1) children that underwent TT and later requiring resurgery and 2) children operated on for the first time with TT were prospectively analysed. To assess the incidence of resurgery because of tonsillar regrowth and predictive factors for tonsillar regrowth, the data covering TTs and tonsillectomies performed in 2009-2020 were retrospectively retrieved. RESULTS: Altogether 11 children formed the regrowth group, with the control group consisting of 19 children. In the histological analysis of tonsillar tissues, neutrophil infiltration in the epithelium and crypts and severe lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in the epithelium were significantly more frequent in samples of the regrowth group relative to the control group. The number of germinal centres was greater in the regrowth group. In the retrospective analysis of 3141 children, the incidence of resurgery after primary TT was 1.9%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the only significant predisposing factor for resurgery. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cells were present more often in regrown tonsillar tissues but there was no evidence of severe chronic inflammation or scarring in the regrown tonsils. The risk of resurgery after TT was low. Young age predisposed to tonsillar regrowth, no other risk factors were found.

Monopolar tonsillotomy versus cold dissection tonsillectomy in children: Prospective study on postoperative recovery.

OBJECTIVES: To compare postoperative self-reported recovery results with monopolar tonsillotomy and cold dissection tonsillectomy in children. To evaluate the feasibility of the monopolar technique in tonsillotomy. METHODS: Children <12 years undergoing tonsillotomy or tonsillectomy between April 2018 and March 2020 who (with a caregiver) were willing to participate in a two-week follow-up formed the study group. They filled in a questionnaire about pain-related outcomes, return to normal activities, weight changes, complications, and length of home care. RESULTS: Altogether 166 patients were recruited; 103 (62%) returned the questionnaire. The first pain-free day with tonsillotomy was day 5 and with tonsillectomy day 11. After tonsillotomy, patients returned to normal activities faster, e.g. they were able to eat normally 6.5 days earlier than tonsillectomy patients. During the first postoperative week weight dropped after tonsillectomy, but not after tonsillotomy. The length of home care was 6 days with tonsillotomy and 10 days with tonsillectomy. The incidence of postoperative hemorrhage (including minor bleedings at home) was 14% after tonsillotomy and 32% after tonsillectomy. Hemorrhages needing interventions were 0% with tonsillotomy and 2% with tonsillectomy. CONCLUSION: Children operated on with monopolar tonsillotomy recovered faster and had less postoperative hemorrhage than those undergoing tonsillectomy. They were able to return earlier to daycare/school and their caregivers back to work. Recovery results with monopolar tonsillotomy were equal to other tonsillotomy techniques reported in the literature, hence the monopolar technique can be considered an alternative method to perform tonsillotomy.