RESUMEN
The in vitro activity of the methanol extracts of 51 plants randomly collected from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and some of their fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous) were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, T. cruzi and Leishmania infantum, as well as toxicity against MRC-5 fibroblast cells. Ten crude methanolic extracts that demonstrated potent and adequately selective antiprotozoal activity were subjected to solvent fractionation using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform. Only three samples showed promising antiprotozoal activity. Argemone ochroleuca (CHCl(3) fraction) showed pronounced activity against P. falciparum(GHA) (IC(50) 0.32 microg/mL) and T. cruzi (IC(50) 0.30 microg/mL) with low cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cells (CC(50) 11.6 microg/mL). Capparis spinosa (EtOAc fraction) showed pronounced activity against P. falciparum(GHA) with an IC(50) 0.50 microg/mL in the absence of toxicity against MRC-5 cell line (CC(50) > 30 microg/mL). Heliotropium curassavicum (CHCl(3) fraction) showed similar activity against P. falciparum (IC(50) 0.65 microg/mL; MRC-5 CC(50) > 30 microg /mL). These three extracts will be subjected for further extensive studies to isolate and identify their active constituents.
Asunto(s)
Antiprotozoarios/farmacología , Leishmania infantum/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plasmodium falciparum/efectos de los fármacos , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/efectos de los fármacos , Trypanosoma cruzi/efectos de los fármacos , Antiprotozoarios/uso terapéutico , Argemone , Capparis , Enfermedad de Chagas/tratamiento farmacológico , Heliotropium , Leishmaniasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Magnoliopsida , Malaria Falciparum/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Arabia Saudita , Tripanosomiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tripanosomiasis Africana/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Four alkaloids of the phenethylamine derivatives have been isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the aerial parts of Stapelia hirsuta L. The structures of the isolated alkaloids were determined as N-acetyl hordenine (a new natural compound), hordenine, candicine and hordenine-1-O-beta-D-glucoside, in addition to luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside.