Identification of non-volatile non-intentionally added substances from polyester food contact coatings and genotoxicity assessment of polyester coating's migrates.

Can's polyester coatings are intended to replace epoxy-phenolic ones due to rising safety concern regarding the potential release of bisphenol A under increased regulations and consumer pressure. In this study, hazard linked to the migration of non-intentionally added substances from a single polyester-coated tin plate (5 batches) to canned food has been studied. Migration tests were performed using acetonitrile (ACN) and ethanol (EtOH) 95 %. Non-targeted analyses by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed the presence of four cyclic oligoesters classified as Cramer class III substances with an estimated exposure (calculated for French population only) below the threshold of toxicological concern value of 1.5 µg/kg b.w./day, suggesting a no safety concern. Moreover, migrates were tested using in vitro genotoxicity DNA damage response (DDR) test and mini mutagenicity test (MMT) with different strains of S. Typhimurium using direct incorporation (TA100, TA98, TA102, TA1537) and pre-incubation (TA100, TA98) methods. Samples were negative in both bioassays suggesting the absence of genotoxicity/mutagenicity of the mixtures. To verify any false negative response due to matrix effect, migrates were spiked with corresponding positive controls in parallel with the MMT and the DDR test. No matrix effect was observed in these experimental conditions.

The Future of Contract Research Organizations in Dermatology and Aesthetic Research.

Objective: Dermatology and aesthetic medicine has experienced significant growth in recent years, driven by industry-sponsored research performed by clinical investigators. Contract research organizations (CROs) play an important role to ensure clinical trials are run efficiently, ethically, and according to Good Clinical Practice. An advisory group of dermatologists and aesthetic researchers was assembled to obtain feedback about CRO experiences for developing a "next-generation" specialty CRO for dermatology and aesthetic medicine. Methods: Experienced dermatologists and aesthetic physician researchers convened during the 2022 Winter Dermatology Annual Meeting in Kauai, Hawaii, to discuss experiences and make suggestions regarding CROs. Topics included positive and negative aspects of CRO experiences, desirable CRO services, and how CROs can be improved. Results: Benefits of working with CROs include project, data, and resource management and availability of technology. Desired functions include rapid study start-up, subject recruitment, and accurate and organized site-related documentation. Other qualities include access to large subject populations close to study locations, use of CRO-based clinical research assistants to support principal investigators across study sites, and scientific consultation, protocol development, medical writing, project management, clinical and medical monitoring, data management, biostatistics, and pharmacovigilance. Conclusion: CROs serve a vital role in the development process of drug, device, and therapeutics; however, it is important that changes to traditional CRO models are made to provide improved interactions with researchers in dermatology and aesthetic medicine.

The Future of Contract Research Organizations in Dermatology and Aesthetic Research.

Objective: Dermatology and aesthetic medicine has experienced significant growth in recent years, driven by industry-sponsored research performed by clinical investigators. Contract research organizations (CROs) play an important role to ensure clinical trials are run efficiently, ethically, and according to Good Clinical Practice. An advisory group of dermatologists and aesthetic researchers was assembled to obtain feedback about CRO experiences for developing a "next-generation" specialty CRO for dermatology and aesthetic medicine. Methods: Experienced dermatologists and aesthetic physician researchers convened during the 2022 Winter Dermatology Annual Meeting in Kauai, Hawaii, to discuss experiences and make suggestions regarding CROs. Topics included positive and negative aspects of CRO experiences, desirable CRO services, and how CROs can be improved. Results: Benefits of working with CROs include project, data, and resource management and availability of technology. Desired functions include rapid study start-up, subject recruitment, and accurate and organized site-related documentation. Other qualities include access to large subject populations close to study locations, use of CRO-based clinical research assistants to support principal investigators across study sites, and scientific consultation, protocol development, medical writing, project management, clinical and medical monitoring, data management, biostatistics, and pharmacovigilance. Conclusion: CROs serve a vital role in the development process of drug, device, and therapeutics; however, it is important that changes to traditional CRO models are made to provide improved interactions with researchers in dermatology and aesthetic medicine.

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in primary osteosarcoma. / Expressão de neurotrofinas e de seus receptores no osteossarcoma primário.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the expression of neurotrophins and their tyrosine-kinase receptors in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) and their correlation with clinical outcomes. METHODS: we applied immunohistochemistry to biopsy specimens of patients consecutively treated for primary OS at a single institution between 2002 and 2015, analyzing them for expression receptors of tyrosine kinase A and B (TrKA and TrKB), neural growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Independently, two pathologists classified the immunohistochemical markers as negative (negative or weak focal) or positive (moderate focal/diffuse or strong focal/diffuse). RESULTS: we analyzed data from 19 patients (10 females and 9 males), with median age of 12 years (5 to 17.3). Tumors' location were 83.3% in the lower limbs, and 63.2% of patients had metastases at diagnosis. Five-year overall survival was 55.3%. BDNF was positive in 16 patients (84%) and NGF in 14 (73%). TrKA and TrKB presented positive staining in four (21,1%) and eight (42,1%) patients, respectively. Survival analysis showed no significant difference between TrK receptors and neurotrophins. CONCLUSION: primary OS samples express neurotrophins and TrK receptors by immunohistochemistry. Future studies should explore their role in OS pathogenesis and determine their prognostic significance in larger cohorts.

OBJETIVO: determinar a expressão de neurotrofinas e seus receptores tirosina quinases em pacientes com osteossarcoma (OS) e sua correlação com desfechos clínicos. MÉTODOS: biópsias de tumores primários de pacientes com OS tratados em uma única instituição, consecutivamente, entre 2002 e 2015, foram analisados através de imuno-histoquímica para expressão de receptores de tirosina quinase A e B (TrKA e TrKB), fator de crescimento neural (NGF) e fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF). De forma independente, dois patologistas classificaram os marcadores de imuno-histoquímica como negativos (negativos e focais fracos) ou positivos (moderado focal/difuso ou forte focal/difuso). RESULTADOS: foram analisados dados de 19 pacientes (10 do sexo feminino e 9 do masculino) com mediana de idade de 12 anos (5 a 17,3 anos). Dos tumores, 83,3% estavam localizados em membros inferiores e 63,2% dos pacientes eram metastáticos ao diagnóstico. A sobrevida global em cinco anos foi de 55,3%. BDNF foi positivo em 16 pacientes (84%) e NGF em 14 pacientes (73%). TrKA e TrKB apresentaram coloração positiva em quatro (21,1%) e oito (42,1%) pacientes, respectivamente. A análise de sobrevida não demonstrou diferença significativa entre receptores TrK e neurotrofinas. CONCLUSÃO: amostras de OS primário expressam neurotrofinas e receptores TrK através de imuno-histoquímica. Estudos futuros podem auxiliar na identificação do papel das mesmas na patogênese do OS e determinar se há possível correlação prognóstica.

Expressão de neurotrofinas e de seus receptores no osteossarcoma primário / Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in primary osteosarcoma

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar a expressão de neurotrofinas e seus receptores tirosina quinases em pacientes com osteossarcoma (OS) e sua correlação com desfechos clínicos. Métodos: biópsias de tumores primários de pacientes com OS tratados em uma única instituição, consecutivamente, entre 2002 e 2015, foram analisados através de imuno-histoquímica para expressão de receptores de tirosina quinase A e B (TrKA e TrKB), fator de crescimento neural (NGF) e fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF). De forma independente, dois patologistas classificaram os marcadores de imuno-histoquímica como negativos (negativos e focais fracos) ou positivos (moderado focal/difuso ou forte focal/difuso). Resultados: foram analisados dados de 19 pacientes (10 do sexo feminino e 9 do masculino) com mediana de idade de 12 anos (5 a 17,3 anos). Dos tumores, 83,3% estavam localizados em membros inferiores e 63,2% dos pacientes eram metastáticos ao diagnóstico. A sobrevida global em cinco anos foi de 55,3%. BDNF foi positivo em 16 pacientes (84%) e NGF em 14 pacientes (73%). TrKA e TrKB apresentaram coloração positiva em quatro (21,1%) e oito (42,1%) pacientes, respectivamente. A análise de sobrevida não demonstrou diferença significativa entre receptores TrK e neurotrofinas. Conclusão: amostras de OS primário expressam neurotrofinas e receptores TrK através de imuno-histoquímica. Estudos futuros podem auxiliar na identificação do papel das mesmas na patogênese do OS e determinar se há possível correlação prognóstica.

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the expression of neurotrophins and their tyrosine-kinase receptors in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Methods: we applied immunohistochemistry to biopsy specimens of patients consecutively treated for primary OS at a single institution between 2002 and 2015, analyzing them for expression receptors of tyrosine kinase A and B (TrKA and TrKB), neural growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Independently, two pathologists classified the immunohistochemical markers as negative (negative or weak focal) or positive (moderate focal/diffuse or strong focal/diffuse). Results: we analyzed data from 19 patients (10 females and 9 males), with median age of 12 years (5 to 17.3). Tumors' location were 83.3% in the lower limbs, and 63.2% of patients had metastases at diagnosis. Five-year overall survival was 55.3%. BDNF was positive in 16 patients (84%) and NGF in 14 (73%). TrKA and TrKB presented positive staining in four (21,1%) and eight (42,1%) patients, respectively. Survival analysis showed no significant difference between TrK receptors and neurotrophins. Conclusion: primary OS samples express neurotrophins and TrK receptors by immunohistochemistry. Future studies should explore their role in OS pathogenesis and determine their prognostic significance in larger cohorts.

Social environment mediates cancer progression in Drosophila.

The influence of oncogenic phenomena on the ecology and evolution of animal species is becoming an important research topic. Similar to host-pathogen interactions, cancer negatively affects host fitness, which should lead to the selection of host control mechanisms, including behavioral traits that best minimize the proliferation of malignant cells. Social behavior is suggested to influence tumor progression. While the ecological benefits of sociality in gregarious species are widely acknowledged, only limited data are available on the role of the social environment on cancer progression. Here, we exposed adult Drosophila, with colorectal-like tumors, to different social environments. We show how subtle variations in social structure have dramatic effects on the progression of tumor growth. Finally, we reveal that flies can discriminate between individuals at different stages of tumor development and selectively choose their social environment accordingly. Our study demonstrates the reciprocal links between cancer and social interactions and how sociality may impact health and fitness in animals and its potential implications for disease ecology.

Ações dos enfermeiros no exercício da advocacia do paciente: revisão integrativa / Acciones de enfermeras en el ejercicio de la defensa del paciente: revisión integradora / Actions of nurses in the exercise of patient advocacy: an integrative review

RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar as ações dos enfermeiros no exercício da advocacia do paciente, na literatura científica internacional publicada nos últimos dez anos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, cujos dados foram coletados na base de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature e SAGE Journals Online, utilizando-se os descritores "patient advocacy" e "nursing", sendo encontrados 27 artigos. Resultados: como resultados, emergiram duas categorias: ações de advocacia exercidas por enfermeiros em diferentes nações e culturas; e ações de advocacia nos diferentes ambientes de atuação dos enfermeiros. Conclusão: acredita-se que os achados deste estudo poderão contribuir para a produção de pesquisas e conhecimentos em enfermagem, ampliando a compreensão da advocacia do paciente como um componente ético da prática dos enfermeiros.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las acciones de los enfermeros en ejercicio de defensa de los pacientes en la literatura científica internacional publicada en los últimos diez años. Método: revisión integrativa de literatura, y los datos fueron recogidos en la base de datos Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature y SAGE Journals Online, utilizando los descriptores "patient advocacy" y "nursing", siendo encontrado 27 artículos. Resultados: como resultado, emergieron dos categorías: las acciones de defensa ejercitadas por enfermeros e n diferentes naciones y culturas; las acciones de defensa en los distintos ámbitos de acción de los las enfermeros. Conclusión: se considera que los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir a la producción de la investigación y el conocimiento en la enfermería, la ampliación de la comprensión de la defensa de los pacientes como un componente ético de la práctica de enfermería.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the actions of nurses when advocating for patients as reported by the international scientific literature published in the last ten years. Method: integrative literature review with data collected from the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature database and SAGE Journals Online, using the key words "patient advocacy" and "nursing"; 27 papers were identified. Results: two categories emerged: advocacy actions performed by nurses from different countries and cultures; and advocacy actions performed by nurses in different healthcare settings. Conclusion: this study's findings are expected to contribute to research and knowledge in the field of nursing, broadening understanding of patient advocacy as an ethical component of the nursing practice.

Characterization, survival analysis, and expression of IGFR in tumor samples from patients diagnosed with Ewing family tumors treated at the Barretos Cancer Hospital.

OBJECTIVES: Study the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with Ewing family tumors (EFTs) and survival analysis based on risk criteria and expression of the surface protein known as insulin-like growth factor (IGFR). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study based on clinical data from 77 patients diagnosed with EFTs treated by the Department of Pediatric Oncology at the Barretos Cancer Hospital in a period between 2003 and 2012. Biological samples of patients were examined for the presence of the surface receptor IGFR. RESULTS: The overall survival rate (OSR) of patients included in the study was 45% at five years, and EFS was 30% at five years. Metastasis at diagnosis was present in 44.2% of the sample; 88.2% of the sample was male (p < 0.001). The evaluation of the expression of IGFR in biological samples of patients was associated with the variable metastasis at diagnosis (p < 0.001). Worse prognosis was observed in patients with extrapulmonary metastasis (p = 0.009). The local treatment of neoplasia presented better prognosis in patients undergoing local surgical treatment (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed a higher incidence of metastasis at diagnosis in patients with EFTs treated at the Barretos Cancer Hospital (BCH). Extrapulmonary metastases were a negative prognostic factor in this study. Surgical treatment of the primary tumor was a factor for better prognosis. Strong expression of IGFR was more frequent in patients with metastases at diagnosis, but did not represent a prognostic factor for EFTs.

OBJETIVO: Estudar as características clínicas dos pacientes com diagnóstico de tumores dafamília Ewing (TFEs) e analisar a sobrevida baseada em critérios de risco e expressão da proteína de superfície conhecida como fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina (IGFR). MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com base em dados clínicos de 77 pacientes com diagnóstico de TFEs tratados pelo Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica do Hospital de Câncer de Barretos no período entre 2003 e 2012. Amostras biológicas de pacientes foram examinadas quanto à presença do receptor de superfície IGFR. RESULTADOS: Em cinco anos, a taxa de sobrevida global (SG) dos pacientes incluídos no estudo foi de 45% e a taxa de sobrevida livre de eventos (SLE) foi de 30%. Metástases no momento do diagnóstico foram observadas em 44,2% da amostra; sendo que desses, 88,2% eram do sexo masculino (p < 0,001). A avaliação da expressão de IGFR nas amostras biológicas dos pacientes apresentou associação com a variável metástase ao diagnóstico (p < 0,001). Pacientes com metástase extrapulmonar apresentaram pior prognóstico (p = 0,009). A modalidade de tratamento local da neoplasia apresentou melhor prognóstico em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico local (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior incidência de metástase ao diagnóstico nos pacientes com diagnóstico de TFEs tratados no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos. A metástase de localização extrapulmonar foi fator de pior prognóstico no estudo. O tratamento cirúrgico do tumor primário foi fator de melhor prognóstico. A expressão forte de IGFR esteve mais presente nos pacientes com metástase ao diagnóstico, porém não se mostrou como fator prognóstico nos TFEs.

Characterization, survival analysis, and expression of IGFR in tumor samples from patients diagnosed with Ewing family tumors treated at the Barretos Cancer Hospital / Caracterização, análise de sobrevida e expressão de IGFR nas amostras tumorais dos pacientes com diagnóstico dos tumores da família Ewing tratados no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Study the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with Ewing family tumors (EFTs) and survival analysis based on risk criteria and expression of the surface protein known as insulin-like growth factor (IGFR). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study based on clinical data from 77 patients diagnosed with EFTs treated by the Department of Pediatric Oncology at the Barretos Cancer Hospital in a period between 2003 and 2012. Biological samples of patients were examined for the presence of the surface receptor IGFR. RESULTS: The overall survival rate (OSR) of patients included in the study was 45% at five years, and EFS was 30% at five years. Metastasis at diagnosis was present in 44.2% of the sample; 88.2% of the sample was male (p < 0.001). The evaluation of the expression of IGFR in biological samples of patients was associated with the variable metastasis at diagnosis (p < 0.001). Worse prognosis was observed in patients with extrapulmonary metastasis (p = 0.009). The local treatment of neoplasia presented better prognosis in patients undergoing local surgical treatment (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed a higher incidence of metastasis at diagnosis in patients with EFTs treated at the Barretos Cancer Hospital (BCH). Extrapulmonary metastases were a negative prognostic factor in this study. Surgical treatment of the primary tumor was a factor for better prognosis. Strong expression of IGFR was more frequent in patients with metastases at diagnosis, but did not represent a prognostic factor for EFTs.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Estudar as características clínicas dos pacientes com diagnóstico de tumores da família Ewing (TFEs) e analisar a sobrevida baseada em critérios de risco e expressão da proteína de superfície conhecida como fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina (IGFR). MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com base em dados clínicos de 77 pacientes com diagnóstico de TFEs tratados pelo Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica do Hospital de Câncer de Barretos entre 2003 e 2012. Amostras biológicas de pacientes foram examinadas quanto à presença do receptor de superfície IGFR. RESULTADOS: Em cinco anos, a taxa de sobrevida global (SG) dos pacientes incluídos no estudo foi de 45% e a taxa de sobrevida livre de eventos (SLE) foi de 30%. Metástases no momento do diagnóstico foram observadas em 44,2% da amostra, sendo que desses, 88,2% eram do sexo masculino (p < 0,001). A avaliação da expressão de IGFR nas amostras biológicas dos pacientes apresentou associação com a variável metástase ao diagnóstico (p < 0,001). Pacientes com metástase extrapulmonar apresentaram pior prognóstico (p = 0,009). A modalidade de tratamento local da neoplasia apresentou melhor prognóstico em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico local (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior incidência de metástase ao diagnóstico nos pacientes com diagnóstico de TFEs tratados no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos. A metástase de localização extrapulmonar foi fator de pior prognóstico no estudo. O tratamento cirúrgico do tumor primário foi fator de melhor prognóstico. A expressão forte de IGFR esteve mais presente nos pacientes com metástase ao diagnóstico, porém não se mostrou como fator prognóstico nos TFEs.

What is the impact of local control in Ewing sarcoma: analysis of the first Brazilian collaborative study group - EWING1.

BACKGROUND: Relapse in localized Ewing sarcoma patients has been a matter of concern regarding poor prognosis. Therefore, we investigated the impact of local control modality (surgery, surgery plus radiotherapy, and radiotherapy) on clinical outcomes such as survival and recurrence in patients with non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma treated on the first Brazilian Collaborative Group Trial of the Ewing Family of Tumors (EWING1). METHODS: Seventy-three patients with localized Ewing sarcoma of bone aged < 30 years were included. The treating physicians defined the modality of local control based on the recommendations of the coordinating center and the patient and tumor characteristics. Possible associations of local control modality with local failure (LF), disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and clinical characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean patient age was 12.8 years (range, 2 to 25 years) and median follow-up time was 4.5 years (range, 2.3 to 6.7 years). Forty-seven patients underwent surgery, 13 received radiotherapy, and 13 received both. The 5-year EFS, OS, and DFS for all patients was 62.1%, 63.3%, and 73.1%, respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidence (CI) of LF was 7.6% for surgery, 11.1% for radiotherapy, and 0% for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) (p = 0.61). The 5-year EFS was 71.7% for surgery, 30.8% for radiotherapy, and 64.1% for PORT (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant effect of local control modality on EFS and OS in the study. Surgery and PORT modalities yielded very close results. The group treated with radiotherapy alone had considerably worse outcomes. This may be confounded by greater risk factors in these patients. There was no significant effect of local control modality on the CI of LF and DFS.

[Translation and validation into Portuguese of a questionnaire to evaluate the severity of urinary incontinence]. / Tradução e validação para a língua portuguesa de um questionário para avaliação da gravidade da incontinência urinária.

PURPOSE: to translate into Portuguese, culturally adapt and validate the Incontinence Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire. METHODS: two Brazilian translators carried out the translation of the ISI into Portuguese and a version was generated by consensus. This version was back-translated by two other native English speaking translators. The differences between versions were resolved and the version was pre-tested in a pilot study. One week later, the ISI was reapplied to complete the retest. The final version of the ISI was applied together with the one-hour pad test to women with stress urinary incontinence. For the validation of the ISI, the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) and the construct were evaluated. RESULTS: the reliability of the instrument was tested using the Cronbach α coefficient, with a general result of 0.93, demonstrating excellent reliability and consistency of the instrument. The intraclass correlation coefficient and the standard errors of measurement were 0.96 and 0.43, respectively. The Pearson correlation revealed a strong positive correlation (r=0.72, p<0.0001) between the results of the ISI questionnaire and the one-hour pad test. CONCLUSION: the culturally adapted version of the ISI translated into Brazilian Portuguese presented satisfactory reliability and survey validity and was considered to be valid for the evaluation of the severity of urinary incontinence.

Tradução e validação para a língua portuguesa de um questionário para avaliação da gravidade da incontinência urinária / Translation and validation into Portuguese of a questionnaire to evaluate the severity of urinary incontinence

OBJETIVO: traduzir para a língua portuguesa, adaptar culturalmente e validar o questionário Incontinence Severity Index (ISI). MÉTODOS: dois tradutores brasileiros realizaram a tradução do ISI para a língua portuguesa e uma versão foi gerada por consenso entre eles. Esta versão foi retraduzida para o inglês por outros dois tradutores que tinham esta língua como língua-mãe. As diferenças entre as versões foram harmonizadas e pré-testadas em um estudo piloto. Após uma semana da realização do questionário ISI, este foi reaplicado para a realização do reteste. A versão final do ISI foi aplicada juntamente com o pad test de uma hora em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE). Para validação do ISI, foram testadas a confiabilidade (consistência interna e teste-reteste) e a validade de constructo. RESULTADOS: a confiabilidade do instrumento foi avaliada por meio do coeficiente α de Cronbach, tendo como resultado geral 0,93, demonstrando excelente confiabilidade e consistência do instrumento. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e o erro padrão da medida foram de 0,96 e 0,43, respectivamente. Por meio da correlação de Pearson foi verificada uma correlação forte e positiva (r=0,72, p<0,0001) entre os resultados do questionário ISI e o pad test de uma hora. CONCLUSÃO: a versão em português do ISI, traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português do Brasil, apresentou confiabilidade e validade de constructo satisfatórias e foi considerada válida para avaliação da gravidade da IUE.

PURPOSE: to translate into Portuguese, culturally adapt and validate the Incontinence Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire. METHODS: two Brazilian translators carried out the translation of the ISI into Portuguese and a version was generated by consensus. This version was back-translated by two other native English speaking translators. The differences between versions were resolved and the version was pre-tested in a pilot study. One week later, the ISI was reapplied to complete the retest. The final version of the ISI was applied together with the one-hour pad test to women with stress urinary incontinence. For the validation of the ISI, the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) and the construct were evaluated. RESULTS: the reliability of the instrument was tested using the Cronbach α coefficient, with a general result of 0.93, demonstrating excellent reliability and consistency of the instrument. The intraclass correlation coefficient and the standard errors of measurement were 0.96 and 0.43, respectively. The Pearson correlation revealed a strong positive correlation (r=0.72, p<0.0001) between the results of the ISI questionnaire and the one-hour pad test. CONCLUSION: the culturally adapted version of the ISI translated into Brazilian Portuguese presented satisfactory reliability and survey validity and was considered to be valid for the evaluation of the severity of urinary incontinence.

Effect of cement types on the tensile strength of metallic crowns submitted to thermocycling.

The relationship between metallic cast crowns and tensile strength according to cement types submitted to thermocycling was studied. Seventy-two metallic crowns were cast with Verabond II Ni-Cr alloy and cemented in standardized preparations with 10 masculine tapering. Three types of finishing line (45-degree chamfered, 20-degree bevel shoulder and right shoulder) were made with diamond burs on bovine teeth. Twenty-four metallic crowns in each group were randomly subdivided into three subgroups of 8 samples each according to the cement used: SS White zinc phosphate cement, Vitremer resin-modified glass ionomer cement, and Rely X resin cement and were submitted to thermocycling. Retention was evaluated according to tensile load required to displace the metallic cast crowns from tooth preparations with an Instron testing machine. ANOVA and Tukey's test showed a statistically significant difference among luting materials, with greater results for Rely X resin cement (24.9 kgf) followed by SS White zinc phosphate cement (13.3 kgf) and Vitremer resin-modified glass ionomer cement (10.1 kgf). The finishing line types did not influence the tensile resistance of the crowns fixed with the three cements. Increased tensile resistance of metallic crowns fixed on bovine teeth was obtained with resin cement, independent of the finishing line types.

Effect of cement types on the tensile strength of metallic crowns submitted to thermocycling

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a resistência à tração de coroas metálicas fixadas com diferentes cimentos e submetidas à termociclagem. Setenta e duas coroas foram fundidas com liga de Ni-Cr Verabond II e cimentadas em preparos padronizados com 8º de paredes laterais e acabamento cervical com ombro reto, ombro biseldo 20º e ombro chanfrado 45º. As coroas foram separadas em três grupos de oito elementos de acordo com os cimentos: fosfato de zinco (SS White), ionômero de vidro modificado por resina Vitremer (3M ) e resinoso Rely X (3M), e submetidas a 500 ciclos térmicos em banhos de 5ºC e 55ºC. A retenção foi avaliada de acordo com a carga de tração (kgf) necessária para separar a coroa do preparo, numa máquina Instron com velocidade de 0,5 mm/minuto. Os resultados submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (5 por cento) mostraram que a retenção mais eficiente foi obtida com o cimento resinoso, independentemente do tipo de acabamento cervical.