Factors associated with the length of breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survival study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the repercussions of COVID-19 on the length of breastfeeding and analyze the associated factors in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHOD: This is an epidemiological, prospective cohort study. Data were collected from medical records and through telephone interviews. Women who weaned were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The log-rank test was used to verify differences between groups, analyzing weaning time, according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The values of hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1,729 women participated in the study. During the COVID-19 pandemic, brown women and women undergoing cesarean section were more likely to stop breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: The birth route and mothers' ethnic characteristics were associated with early weaning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such findings are important to guide the assistance of the multidisciplinary team, especially nursing, during the post-pandemic period and in future epidemiological scenarios.

Factors associated with the length of breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survival study / Factores asociados a la duración de la lactancia materna durante la pandemia de COVID-19: estudio de supervivencia / Fatores associados à duração do aleitamento materno durante a pandemia da COVID-19: estudo de sobrevida

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the repercussions of COVID-19 on the length of breastfeeding and analyze the associated factors in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: This is an epidemiological, prospective cohort study. Data were collected from medical records and through telephone interviews. Women who weaned were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The log-rank test was used to verify differences between groups, analyzing weaning time, according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The values of hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 1,729 women participated in the study. During the COVID-19 pandemic, brown women and women undergoing cesarean section were more likely to stop breastfeeding. Conclusion: The birth route and mothers' ethnic characteristics were associated with early weaning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such findings are important to guide the assistance of the multidisciplinary team, especially nursing, during the post-pandemic period and in future epidemiological scenarios.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar las repercusiones de la COVID-19 en la duración de la lactancia materna y analizar los factores asociados en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Método: Se trata de un estudio de cohorte prospectivo epidemiológico. Los datos se recogieron de historias clínicas y mediante entrevistas telefónicas. Las mujeres que destetaron se estimaron mediante el análisis de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier. La prueba de Mantel-Cox se utilizó para verificar diferencias entre grupos, analizando el tiempo de destete, según características sociodemográficas y clínicas. Los valores de cociente de riesgo y los intervalos de confianza del 95% se estimaron mediante análisis de regresión de Cox. Resultados: Un total de 1.729 mujeres participaron en la investigación. Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, las mujeres pardas y aquellas sometidas a cesárea tenían más probabilidades de dejar de amamantar. Conclusión: La ruta de nacimiento y las características étnicas de las madres se asociaron con el destete temprano durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Tales hallazgos son importantes para orientar la asistencia del equipo multidisciplinario, especialmente de enfermería, durante el período pospandemia y en futuros escenarios epidemiológicos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar as repercussões da COVID-19 na duração do aleitamento materno e analisar os fatores associados em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Método: Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, de coorte prospectiva. Os dados foram coletados em prontuários médicos e por meio de entrevistas telefônicas. As mulheres que apresentaram o desmame foram estimadas por meio da análise de sobrevivência de Kaplan-Meier. O teste log-rank foi utilizado para verificar diferenças entre os grupos, analisando-se o tempo de desmame, segundo as características sociodemográficas e clínicas. Os valores de hazard ratio e intervalos de confiança de 95% foram estimados utilizando-se análise de regressão de Cox. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 1.729 mulheres. Durante a pandemia de COVID-19, mulheres pardas e mulheres submetidas à cesariana foram mais suscetíveis a interromper a amamentação. Conclusão: A via de nascimento e as características étnicas das mães associaram-se ao desmame precoce durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Tais achados são importantes para nortear a assistência da equipe multiprofissional, sobretudo da enfermagem, durante o pós-pandemia e em cenários epidemiológicos futuros.

Association between contextual factors and coverage of the Acwy meningococcal vaccine, after three years of its overdue, in the vaccination calendar of adolescents in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: global space regressions.

The objective of the study was to analyze the spatial distribution of vaccination coverage of bacterial meningitis vaccine: A, C, W and Y (menacwy) and identify the association between socioeconomic and social environment factors with menacwy vaccine coverage among adolescents in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. This is an ecological, mixed study, conducted with secondary data from the 853 municipalities of the State of MG, Brazil, from 2020 to 2022, provided by the information system of the National Immunization Program. For spatial statistical analysis, spatial dependence and the presence of spatial clusters formed by municipalities with high and low vaccination coverage of Menacwy were evaluated. In the year 2021, MG presented the largest vaccination coverage (60.58%) since the introduction of the Menacwy vaccine by the PNI. Regarding the analysis of global regressions, it is observed that for the year 2020, as the MG Index of Social Responsibility-Health increased and MG Index of Social Responsibility-Public Security increased, increased the vaccination coverage of the municipalities of the Menacwy vaccine. Finally, compared to 2021, similar association was observed in relation to the proportion of the population served by the Family Health Strategy of the municipalities of the state of MG and per capita spending on education activities: as this indicator increased, with increased coverage of the Vaccine of the Menacwy vaccine of the state municipalities. They reinforce the importance of assessing the quality-of-care management and health surveillance system, professional training, and damage reduction to populations, especially adolescents.