Complicações em cirurgias e procedimentos lipoaspirativos: uma revisão da literatura / Complications in surgeries and lipoaspirative procedures: a review of the literature / Complicaciones en cirugías y procedimientos lipoaspirativos: una revisión de la literatura

O atual estudo objetiva evidenciar as complicações surgidas a partir de uma cirurgia de lipoaspiração no que diz respeito aos seus impactos na saúde dos pacientes. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada por meio da pesquisa dos seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): complications and liposuction. Sendo selecionados artigos de 2019 a 2023 que foram publicados até o dia 26/05/2023, selecionando-se 22 artigos, dos quais foram excluídos 15 e restaram apenas 7 artigos revisados. Lipoaspiração se resume em uma técnica cirúrgica que é utilizada para a remoção dos depósitos de gordura, sendo que possui finalidade estética, no entanto este procedimento pode cursar com consequências danosas à saúde dos pacientes como tromboembolismo, sepse e dentre outros. Tendo em vista essas complicações, a melhor opção é o investimento na formação de profissionais de qualidade e uma maior fiscalização aos centros e salas cirúrgicas.

The current study aims to highlight the complications arising from liposuction surgery with regard to its impacts on patients' health. This is an integrative review, carried out through the research of the following Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS): complications and liposuction. We selected articles from 2019 to 2023 that were published until 26/05/2023, selecting 22 articles, of which 15 were excluded and only 7 revised articles remained. Liposuction is summarized in a surgical technique that is used for the removal of fat deposits, being that it has aesthetic purpose, however this procedure can occur with harmful consequences to the health of patients such as thromboembolism, sepsis and among others. In view of these complications, the best option is to invest in the training of quality professionals and greater supervision of the operating centers and operating rooms.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo destacar las complicaciones derivadas de la cirugía de liposucción con respecto a sus impactos en la salud de los pacientes. Se trata de una revisión integradora, realizada a través de una encuesta de los siguientes descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS): complicaciones y liposucción. Con los artículos seleccionados de 2019 a 2023 que se publicaron antes del 26/05/2023, se seleccionaron 22 artículos, de los cuales 15 quedaron excluidos y sólo quedaban siete revisados. La lipoaspiración se resume en una técnica quirúrgica que se utiliza para la remoción de depósitos de grasa, y tiene un propósito estético, aunque este procedimiento puede tener consecuencias perjudiciales para la salud de los pacientes como tromboembolismo, sepsis y otros. En vista de estas complicaciones, la mejor opción es invertir en la formación de profesionales de calidad y en una mayor supervisión de los centros y salas quirúrgicos.

Nanoferulic: From a by-product of the beer industry toward the regeneration of the skin.

BACKGROUND: Brewers' spent grain (BSG) is one of the most abundant by-products of the beer industry and causes serious environmental problems. Ferulic acid (FA) is an antioxidant with potential cosmeceutical applications. FA was extracted from BSG, developing a method of high extraction performance in order to be encapsulated in ultradeformable liposomes (Nanoferulic, NF). AIMS: To obtain a product with high added value such as FA, from a residue currently underused, using simple and economical chemical methods. To load FA into a nanosystem designed for the topical route, its encapsulation has the purpose to take profit from its photoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties in the deep layers of the skin. METHODS: Ferulic acid was obtained from dried BSG using acid and basic treatments in series. NF was prepared by lipid film resuspension of a solution containing FA obtained from BSG. Size and Z-potential were determined. Cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro. Skin penetration was assessed by NF determination at different skin depths and by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: The yield of the extraction process was 0.43% on a dry basis. Encapsulation rendered liposomes of around 140 nm with 92% of encapsulation efficiency. No toxicity was observed in all the tested concentrations. Successful results were obtained from the regeneration studies. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to develop a nanosystem containing FA, generating a high-value commercial input for the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industry. The use of BSG generated in industrial scale would help to reduce the volume of highly polluting waste.

In-vitro development of vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes after activation may be predicted based on mathematical modelling of cooling and warming rates during vitrification, storage and sample removal.

Heat transfer during cooling and warming is difficult to measure in cryo-devices; mathematical modelling is an alternative method that can describe these processes. In this study, we tested the validity of one such model by assessing in-vitro development of vitrified and warmed bovine oocytes after parthenogenetic activation and culture. The viability of oocytes vitrified in four different cryo-devices was assessed. Consistent with modelling predictions, oocytes vitrified using cryo-devices with the highest modelled cooling rates had significantly (P < 0.05) better cleavage and blastocyst formation rates. We then evaluated a two-step sample removal process, in which oocytes were held in nitrogen vapour for 15 s to simulate sample identification during clinical application, before being removed completely and warmed. Oocytes exposed to this procedure showed reduced developmental potential, according to the model, owing to thermodynamic instability and devitrification at relatively low temperatures. These findings suggest that cryo-device selection and handling, including method of removal from nitrogen storage, are critical to survival of vitrified oocytes. Limitations of the study include use of parthenogenetically activated rather than fertilized ova and lack of physical measurement of recrystallization. We suggest mathematical modelling could be used to predict the effect of critical steps in cryopreservation.

Kinetic Parameters for the Thermal Inactivation of Peroxidase and Lipoxygenase in Precooked Frozen Brassica Species.

Thermal inactivation of peroxidase (POD) and lipoxygenase (LOX), both enzymes present in broccoli and Brussels sprouts, is required before freezing, to obtain high-quality precooked frozen vegetables. Rate constants of a 1st-order biphasic model for the heat-labile and heat-resistant POD and LOX isoenzymes were determined at different temperatures (75, 80, and 90 °C) and the corresponding activation energies were estimated using nonlinear regressions. In the case of Brussels sprouts, the activation energies for the resistant and labile fractions were 56.3 and 62.5 kJ/mol for POD and 63.7 and 65.8 kJ/mol for LOX, respectively. For Brussels sprouts, different precooking times were tested to analyze the effect of residual enzyme activity on quality parameters and sensory attributes, after a frozen storage of 4 mo at -20 °C. A significant reactivation of enzyme activity after frozen storage was observed (especially in the case of POD) for short precooking times (<6 min) leading to low-quality parameters at the interior zone of the vegetable. A precooking time of 6 min at 90 °C allowed an adequate inactivation of LOX and POD obtaining a high-quality final frozen vegetable. A sensory analysis confirmed the global acceptability of the product. The obtained results are relevant to define the precooking stage conditions in the production of frozen cruciferous vegetables.

Lúpus eritematoso túmido simulando erupção acneiforme / Lupus erythematosus tumidus mimicking acneiforme eruption

O lúpus eritematoso túmido é uma variante rara do lúpus eritematoso crônico. Caracteriza-se por lesões urticariformes eritematosas em áreas fotoexpostas. O exame histopatológico revela infiltrado dérmico linfocítico e, frequentemente, presença de mucina. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente, de 47 anos, apresentando lesões simulando erupção acneiforme na região malar, bilateralmente. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pelo estudo histopatológico e a paciente foi tratada com tacrolimus tópico.

Treatment of superficial mycoses: review - part II / Atualizacao terapeutica das micoses superficiais: artigo de revisao parte II

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.

As infecções fúngicas superficiais dos cabelos, pele e unhas representam uma causa importante de morbidade no mundo. O tratamento nem sempre é simples, havendo dificuldade na escolha dos esquemas terapêuticos disponíveis na literatura, assim como suas possíveis interações medicamentosas e efeitos colaterais. A segunda parte do trabalho aborda os principais esquemas terapêuticos das micoses superficiais - ceratofitoses, dermatofitoses, candidíase -, possibilitando a consulta prática das drogas tópicas e sistêmicas mais utilizadas, sua dosagem e tempo de utilização. Novas possibilidades terapêuticas antifúngicas também são ressaltadas, assim como as apresentações disponíveis no mercado brasileiro e mundial.

Update on therapy for superficial mycoses: review article part I.

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.

Update on therapy for superficial mycoses: review article part I / Atualizacao terapeutica das micoses superficiais: artigo de revisao parte I

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.

As infecções fúngicas superficiais dos cabelos, pele e unhas representam uma causa importante de morbidade no mundo. O tratamento nem sempre é simples, havendo dificuldade na escolha dos esquemas terapêuticos disponíveis na literatura, assim como suas possíveis interações medicamentosas e efeitos colaterais. A primeira parte do trabalho aborda os principais esquemas terapêuticos das micoses superficiais - ceratofitoses, dermatofitoses, candidíase - possibilitando a consulta prática das drogas tópicas e sistêmicas mais utilizadas, sua dosagem e tempo de utilização. Novas possibilidades terapêuticas antifungicas também são ressaltadas, assim como as apresentações disponíneis no mercado brasileiro e mundial.

Treatment of superficial mycoses: review. Part II.

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.

Cutaneous and visceral syphilis: unusual presentation

Syphilis is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world, showing a high incidence rate in our country. Its clinical course is well established and universally accepted, although there are cases in which the diversity of its signs and symptoms can make diagnosis a challenge. This is the reason why it is known as a "thousand faces" or a "great imitator" disease. Authors present a case report with hepatic involvement, which is rare when syphilis is concerned.

HAART: a risk factor for development of porphyria cutanea tarda? / HAART: fator de risco para desenvolvimento de porfiria cutânea tarda?

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is caused by inherited or acquired partial deficiency of the uroporphyrinogen-decarboxylase (Uro-D) enzyme activity. It is the most common form of porphyria. The main triggering factors to the development of porphyria cutanea tarda are alcohol, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. There are several reports of PCT associated with drugs, among them, antiretroviral therapy. We describe three HIV-positive patients, which showed photosensitivity as well as the emergence of tense blisters on sun-exposed areas during the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and discuss the possibility of PCT after the use of these drugs by those patients.

Porfiria cutanea tarda (PCT) é causada pela deficiência parcial, adquirida ou hereditária, da atividade da enzima uroporfirinogenio-decarboxilase (Uro-D). É a forma mais comum de porfiria. Os principais fatores desencadeantes para o desenvolvimento da porfiria cutânea tarda são o álcool, vírus da hepatite C e vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Há vários relatos de PCT associada a drogas, entre elas, à terapia antirretroviral. Descrevemos três pacientes HIV-positivos, que mostraram fotossensibilidade, bem como o surgimento de bolhas tensas em áreas fotoexpostas durante o uso da highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) e discutimos a possibilidade de ocorrência PCT com o uso desses medicamentos.

Sífilis em apresentação com fases sobrepostas: como conduzir? / Syphilis in presentation with overlapping phases: how to lead?

A sífilis é uma doença infectocontagiosa de alta prevalência, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, e costuma ser denominada a "grande imitadora",devido seu polimorfismo lesional. A divisão da doença em fases é apenas didática e tem importância no manejo terapêutico, entretanto a sífilis deve ser tratada como doença dinâmica, pela possibilidade de sobreposição de seus estágios. Os autores relatam dois casos em que há concomitância do primarismo com o secundarismo sifilítico e enfatizam a importância da avaliação global do paciente em DST.

Syphilis is an infectious disease of high prevalence, especially in underdeveloped countries, and is often called the "great imitator" due to its versatile andvaried disease presentations. The disease's division into stages is only didactic and has importance in the therapeutic management, however syphilis should be managed as a dynamic disease, due to its possibility of overlapping stages. The authors report two cases in which there is concomitance of primary and secondary syphilis and emphasize the importance of patient global assessment in STD.

HAART: a risk factor for development of porphyria cutanea tarda?

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is caused by inherited or acquired partial deficiency of the uroporphyrinogen-decarboxylase (Uro-D) enzyme activity. It is the most common form of porphyria. The main triggering factors to the development of porphyria cutanea tarda are alcohol, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. There are several reports of PCT associated with drugs, among them, antiretroviral therapy. We describe three HIV-positive patients, which showed photosensitivity as well as the emergence of tense blisters on sun-exposed areas during the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and discuss the possibility of PCT after the use of these drugs by those patients.