Introduction and objectives Chronic thromboembolic disease refers to the presence of chronic thrombotic pulmonary vascular thrombosis without pulmonary hypertension (PH) at rest but with exercise limitation after pulmonary embolism (PE). Our aim was to evaluate the hemodynamic response to exercise in these patients and its correlation with the values reached in cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Methods We included symptomatic patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis after PE. We excluded patients with left heart disease or significant PH (mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP] >25mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance >3 WU, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] >15mmHg). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise right heart catheterization were performed. Exercise-induced precapillary PH was defined as mPAP/CO slope >3 and PCWP/CO slope <2mmHg/l/min. The hemodynamic response and the values obtained in cardiopulmonary exercise testing were compared between patients with and without exercise-induced precapillary PH. Results We studied 36 patients; 4 were excluded due to incomplete hemodynamic data. Out of the 32 patients analyzed; 3 developed a pathological increase in PCWP. Among the remaining 29 patients (mean age, 49.4±13.7 years, 34.5% women), 13 showed exercise-induced PH. Resting mPAP was higher in those who developed exercise-induced PH (23.3±5.4 vs 19.0±3.8mmHg; P=.012), although CO was similar in the 2 groups. Patients with exercise-induced PH exhibited data of ventilatory inefficiency with reduced values of end-tidal CO2 pressure at the anaerobic threshold (32.8±3.0 vs 36.2±3.3mmHg; P=.021) and a higher Ve/VCO2 slope (34.2±4.8 vs 30.7±5.0; P=.049). Conclusions Exercise limitation and ventilatory inefficiency could be attributable to exercise-induced precapillary PH in a subgroup of patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis and dyspnea (AU)
Introdución y objetivos La enfermedad tromboembólica crónica se define como la trombosis crónica de la vasculatura pulmonar y disnea, sin hipertensión pulmonar (HP) en reposo tras una embolia de pulmón. El estudio evaluó la hemodinámica al esfuerzo en estos pacientes y su relación con la ergoespirometría. Métodos Se incluyó a pacientes sintomáticos con trombosis pulmonar crónica tras una embolia de pulmón. Se excluyó a los pacientes con cardiopatía izquierda o HP significativa en reposo (presión arterial pulmonar media [PAPm] >25mmHg, resistencia vascular pulmonar >3 UW y presión capilar pulmonar [PCP] >15mmHg). Se realizó una ergoespirometría y un cateterismo derecho de ejercicio. La HP precapilar al ejercicio se definió como las pendientes PAPm/gasto cardiaco >3 y PCP/gasto cardiaco <2mmHg/l/min. Se comparó la respuesta hemodinámica y ergoespirométrica entre pacientes con y sin HP precapilar al ejercicio. Resultados Se estudió a 36 pacientes, excluyéndose 4 por calidad subóptima en el registro hemodinámico. Tres pacientes presentaron una elevación patológica de la PCP. De los 29 restantes (edad, 49,4±13,7 años; el 34,5% mujeres), en 13 se halló HP precapilar al ejercicio. La PAPm basal fue mayor en aquellos con HP al ejercicio (23,3±5,4 frente a 19,0±3,8mmHg; p=0,012), con similar gasto cardiaco. Aquellos con HP al ejercicio exhibieron valores reducidos de la presión de CO2 exahalada en el umbral anaeróbico (32,8±3,0 frente a 36,2±3,3mmHg; p=0,021) y mayor pendiente Ve/VCO2 (34,2±4,8 frente a 30,7±5,0; p=0,049). Conclusiones La HP precapilar al ejercicio se asocia con limitación funcional e ineficiencia ventilatoria en un subgrupo de pacientes con trombosis arterial pulmonar crónica y disnea persistente (AU)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Cardiac Catheterization , Chronic Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Exercise Test , Hemodynamics/physiology
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: There is scarce information on patients with single ventricle physiology (SVP) and restricted pulmonary flow not undergoing Fontan circulation. This study aimed to compare survival and cardiovascular events in these patients according to the type of palliation. METHODS: SVP patient data were obtained from the databases of the adult congenital heart disease units of 7 centers. Patients completing Fontan circulation or developing Eisenmenger syndrome were excluded. Three groups were created according to the source of pulmonary flow: G1 (restrictive pulmonary forward flow), G2 (cavopulmonary shunt), and G3 (aortopulmonary shunts±cavopulmonary shunt). The primary endpoint was death. RESULTS: We identified 120 patients. Mean age at the first visit was 32.2 years. Mean follow-up was 7.1 years. Fifty-five patients (45.8%) were assigned to G1, 30 (25%) to G2, and 35 (29.2%) to G3. Patients in G3 had worse renal function, functional class, and ejection fraction at the first visit and a more marked ejection fraction decline during follow-up, especially when compared with G1. Twenty-four patients (20%) died, 38 (31.7%) were admitted for heart failure, and 21 (17.5%) had atrial flutter/fibrillation during follow-up. These events were more frequent in G3 and significant differences were found compared with G1 in terms of death (HR, 2.9; 95%CI, 1.14-7.37; P=.026) and atrial flutter/fibrillation (HR, 2.9; 95%CI, 1.11-7.68; P=.037). CONCLUSIONS: The type of palliation in patients with SVP and restricted pulmonary flow not undergoing Fontan palliation identifies distinct profiles. Patients palliated with aortopulmonary shunts have an overall worse prognosis with higher morbidity and mortality.
Atrial Fibrillation , Atrial Flutter , Fontan Procedure , Heart Defects, Congenital , Univentricular Heart , Humans , Adult , Univentricular Heart/surgery , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Ventricles/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Pulmonary Artery/surgery
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the long-term effects of triple therapy with prostanoids on patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), as there is limited information on the safety and efficacy of this treatment approach. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with PAH-CHD who were actively followed up at our centre. All patients were already receiving dual combination therapy at maximum doses. Clinical characteristics, including functional class (FC), 6-minute walking test distance (6MWTD) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, were documented before initiating triple therapy and annually for a 2-year follow-up period. RESULTS: A total of 60 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 41 years and 68% being women. Of these, 32 had Eisenmenger syndrome, 9 had coincidental shunts, 18 had postoperative PAH and 1 had a significant left-to-right shunt. After 1 year of triple combination initiation, a significant improvement in 6MWTD was observed (406 vs 450; p=0.0027), which was maintained at the 2-year follow-up. FC improved in 79% of patients at 1 year and remained stable in 76% at 2 years. NT-proBNP levels decreased significantly by 2 years, with an average reduction of 199 ng/L. Side effects were experienced by 33.3% of patients but were mostly mild and manageable. Subgroup analysis showed greater benefits in patients without Eisenmenger syndrome and those with pre-tricuspid defects. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy with prostanoids is safe and effective for patients with PAH-CHD, improving FC, 6MWTD and NT-proBNP levels over 2 years. The treatment is particularly beneficial for patients with pre-tricuspid defects and non-Eisenmenger PAH-CHD.
Eisenmenger Complex , Heart Defects, Congenital , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension , Humans , Female , Adult , Male , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/diagnosis , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/drug therapy , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/etiology , Eisenmenger Complex/complications , Eisenmenger Complex/drug therapy , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension/complications , Prostaglandins/therapeutic use
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic thromboembolic disease refers to the presence of chronic thrombotic pulmonary vascular thrombosis without pulmonary hypertension (PH) at rest but with exercise limitation after pulmonary embolism (PE). Our aim was to evaluate the hemodynamic response to exercise in these patients and its correlation with the values reached in cardiopulmonary exercise testing. METHODS: We included symptomatic patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis after PE. We excluded patients with left heart disease or significant PH (mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP] >25mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance >3 WU, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] >15mmHg). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise right heart catheterization were performed. Exercise-induced precapillary PH was defined as mPAP/CO slope >3 and PCWP/CO slope <2mmHg/l/min. The hemodynamic response and the values obtained in cardiopulmonary exercise testing were compared between patients with and without exercise-induced precapillary PH. RESULTS: We studied 36 patients; 4 were excluded due to incomplete hemodynamic data. Out of the 32 patients analyzed; 3 developed a pathological increase in PCWP. Among the remaining 29 patients (mean age, 49.4±13.7 years, 34.5% women), 13 showed exercise-induced PH. Resting mPAP was higher in those who developed exercise-induced PH (23.3±5.4 vs 19.0±3.8mmHg; P=.012), although CO was similar in the 2 groups. Patients with exercise-induced PH exhibited data of ventilatory inefficiency with reduced values of end-tidal CO2 pressure at the anaerobic threshold (32.8±3.0 vs 36.2±3.3mmHg; P=.021) and a higher Ve/VCO2 slope (34.2±4.8 vs 30.7±5.0; P=.049). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise limitation and ventilatory inefficiency could be attributable to exercise-induced precapillary PH in a subgroup of patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis and dyspnea.
Hypertension, Pulmonary , Pulmonary Embolism , Thrombosis , Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Male , Diagnosis, Differential , Cardiac Catheterization , Hemodynamics/physiology , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Chronic Disease , Exercise Test , Thrombosis/diagnosis
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: This article presents the annual activity report of the Interventional Cardiology Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (ACI-SEC) for the year 2022. METHODS: All Spanish centers with catheterization laboratories were invited to participate. Data were collected online and were analyzed by an external company in collaboration with the members of the board of the ACI-SEC. RESULTS: A total of 111 centers participated. The number of diagnostic studies increased by 4.8% compared with 2021, while that of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) remained stable. PCIs on the left main coronary artery increased by 22%. The radial approach continued to be preferred for PCI (94.9%). There was an upsurge in the use of drug-eluting balloons, as well as in intracoronary imaging techniques, which were used in 14.7% of PCIs. The use of pressure wires also increased (6.3% vs 2021) as did plaque modification techniques. Primary PCI continued to grow and was the most frequent treatment (97%) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Most noncoronary procedures maintained their upward trend, particularly percutaneous aortic valve implantation, atrial appendage closure, mitral/tricuspid edge-to-edge therapy, renal denervation, and percutaneous treatment of pulmonary arterial disease. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish cardiac catheterization and coronary intervention registry for 2022 reveals a rise in the complexity of coronary disease, along with a notable growth in procedures for valvular and nonvalvular structural heart disease.
Cardiology , Coronary Artery Disease , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Humans , Cardiac Catheterization , Registries
Myocardial Infarction , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Thrombocythemia, Essential , Thrombosis , Humans , Thrombocythemia, Essential/complications , Thrombocythemia, Essential/diagnosis , Thrombocythemia, Essential/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Thrombosis/drug therapy , Thrombosis/etiology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Coronary Angiography
Introducción y objetivos El remodelado vascular pulmonar es prevalente en la insuficiencia cardiaca avanzada. El cateterismo derecho es la prueba de elección, pero está limitado por la asunción de medidas indirectas, un enfoque de flujo no pulsátil, su dependencia de la carga o la variabilidad en la interpretación. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la vasculopatía pulmonar mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) intravascular y correlacionarla con los parámetros hemodinámicos. Métodos Estudio observacional, prospectivo y multicéntrico que incluyó a 100 pacientes en estudio previo al trasplante cardiaco. Todos se sometieron a un cateterismo derecho con OCT de la arteria pulmonar. Resultados La OCT se pudo analizar en 90 casos. La mediana de edad fue 57,50 [intervalo intercuartílico, 48,75-63,25] años y 71 eran varones (78,88%). La cardiopatía subyacente más frecuente fue la miocardiopatía dilatada no isquémica (33 pacientes [36,66%]). El grosor intimal se correlacionó con la presión arterial pulmonar media, las resistencias vasculares y el gradiente transpulmonar (coeficiente R de 0,42, 0,27 y 0,32 respectivamente). La estimación no invasiva de la presión sistólica pulmonar, el tiempo de aceleración y el acoplamiento ventriculoarterial también se correlacionaron con el grosor intimal (coeficiente R de 0,42, 0,27 y 0,49 respectivamente). Los pacientes con un grosor intimal > 0,25mm presentaron mayores presión pulmonar media (37,00 frente a 25,00mmHg; p=0,004) y resistencias vasculares (3,44 frente a 2,08 UW; p=0,017). Conclusiones La OCT pulmonar es factible y está significativamente asociada con los datos hemodinámicos. La correlación débil indica que el remodelado vascular no explica por completo la hipertensión pulmonar (AU)
Introduction and objectives Pulmonary vascular remodeling is common among patients with advanced heart failure. Right heart catheterization is the gold standard to assess pulmonary hypertension, but is limited by indirect measurement assumptions, a steady-flow view, load-dependency, and interpretation variability. We aimed to assess pulmonary vascular remodeling with intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to study its correlation with hemodynamic data. Methods This observational, prospective, multicenter study recruited 100 patients with advanced heart failure referred for heart transplant evaluation. All patients underwent right heart catheterization together with OCT evaluation of a subsegmentary pulmonary artery. Results OCT could be performed and properly analyzed in 90 patients. Median age was 57.50 [interquartile range, 48.75-63.25] years and 71 (78.88%) were men. The most frequent underlying heart condition was nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (33 patients [36.66%]). Vascular wall thickness significantly correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and transpulmonary gradient (R coefficient=0.42, 0.27 and 0.32 respectively). Noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery systolic pressure, acceleration time, and right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling also correlated with wall thickness (R coefficient of 0.42, 0.27 and 0.49, respectively). Patients with a wall thickness over 0.25mm had significantly higher mean pulmonary pressures (37.00 vs 25.00mmHg; P=.004) and pulmonary vascular resistance (3.44 vs 2.08 WU; P=.017). Conclusions Direct morphological assessment of pulmonary vascular remodeling with OCT is feasible and is significantly associated with classic hemodynamic parameters. This weak association suggests that structural remodeling does not fully explain pulmonary hypertension (AU)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Ventricular Remodeling/physiology , Prospective Studies , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Severity of Illness Index , Video Recording , Cardiac Catheters
(1) Background: Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the "gold standard" treatment for operable patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH) after PEA confers a worse prognosis. Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) could represent a useful therapy in this setting, but evidence about its effectiveness and safety in patients with previous PEA is limited. (2) Methods: A total of 14 patients with persistent PH after PEA were treated with BPA in a single PH center. Hemodynamic and clinical effects of BPA and complications of the procedure were retrospectively collected. (3) Results: After BPA, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure fell from 50.7 ± 15.3 mmHg to 38.0 ± 7.9 mmHg (25.0% decrease; 95% confidence interval (CI) 14.0-35.5%; p = 0.01). Pulmonary vascular resistances were reduced from 8.5 ± 3.6 WU to 5.3 ± 2.2 WU (37.6% decrease; 95% CI 18.8-56.5%; p = 0.01). WHO functional class was also improved with BPA. Severe BPA-related complications were infrequent and no periprocedural deaths were observed. (4) Conclusions: BPA is an effective and safe therapy for patients with CTEPH and persistent PH after PEA.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary vascular remodeling is common among patients with advanced heart failure. Right heart catheterization is the gold standard to assess pulmonary hypertension, but is limited by indirect measurement assumptions, a steady-flow view, load-dependency, and interpretation variability. We aimed to assess pulmonary vascular remodeling with intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to study its correlation with hemodynamic data. METHODS: This observational, prospective, multicenter study recruited 100 patients with advanced heart failure referred for heart transplant evaluation. All patients underwent right heart catheterization together with OCT evaluation of a subsegmentary pulmonary artery. RESULTS: OCT could be performed and properly analyzed in 90 patients. Median age was 57.50 [interquartile range, 48.75-63.25] years and 71 (78.88%) were men. The most frequent underlying heart condition was nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (33 patients [36.66%]). Vascular wall thickness significantly correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and transpulmonary gradient (R coefficient=0.42, 0.27 and 0.32 respectively). Noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery systolic pressure, acceleration time, and right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling also correlated with wall thickness (R coefficient of 0.42, 0.27 and 0.49, respectively). Patients with a wall thickness over 0.25mm had significantly higher mean pulmonary pressures (37.00 vs 25.00mmHg; P=.004) and pulmonary vascular resistance (3.44 vs 2.08 WU; P=.017). CONCLUSIONS: Direct morphological assessment of pulmonary vascular remodeling with OCT is feasible and is significantly associated with classic hemodynamic parameters. This weak association suggests that structural remodeling does not fully explain pulmonary hypertension.
Heart Failure , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Female , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Prospective Studies , Vascular Remodeling , Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging , Heart Failure/complications , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Vascular Resistance , Cardiac Catheterization/methods
OBJECTIVE: In patients with advanced heart failure, the intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) of subsegmental pulmonary artery measurements is correlated with right heart catheterization parameters. Our aim was to study the prognostic value of pulmonary OCT, right heart catheterization data, and the echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary pressure in patients studied for elective heart transplants. METHODS: This research is an observational, prospective, multicenter study involving 90 adults with a one-year follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients (11.1%) died due to worsening heart failure before heart transplantation, 50 underwent a heart transplant (55.6%), and 9 died in the first year after the transplant. The patients with and without events (mortality or heart failure-induced hospitalization) had similar data regarding echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT (with a median estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure of 42.0 mmHg, interquartile range (IQR) of 30.3-50.0 vs. 47.0 mmHg, IQR 34.6-59.5 and p = 0.79, median pulmonary vascular resistance of 2.2 Wood units, IQR 1.3-3.7 vs. 2.0 Wood units, IQR 1.4-3.2 and p = 0.99, and a median pulmonary artery wall thickness of 0.2 ± 0.5 mm vs. 0.2 ± 0.6 mm and p = 0.87). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary vascular remodeling (evaluated with echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT) was not associated with prognosis in a selected sample of adults evaluated for elective heart transplants. Pulmonary OCT is safe and feasible for the evaluation of these patients.
Background: Advanced age, frailty, and age-related comorbidities are the major causes of pulmonary endarterectomy disqualification in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is an attractive and less invasive therapy for elderly patients. However, information about the safety, procedure tolerance, and effectiveness of BPA in elderly patients is limited. Objective and methods: We aimed to analyze the safety, tolerance, and efficacy of BPA in CTEPH patients aged ≥70 years. This observational, descriptive, and retrospective series included consecutive patients aged ≥70 years, who underwent completed or interrupted BPA programs at a pulmonary hypertension reference center between May 2013 and May 2022. Results: We enrolled 155 patients in our institution's BPA program. Among these, 33 patients were aged ≥70 years (mean age, 76.4 years; women, 75.8%) and had finished or interrupted BPA programs. In this cohort, we performed 116 BPA procedures (average, 3.6 ± 1.8 sessions/patient). Among the 33 patients, 19 (57.6%) completed treatment for all lobes, while the BPA program was interrupted in the remaining 14 (42.4%). Among all 33 patients, BPA was associated with a significant reduction in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (39.2 ± 9.3 vs. 32.8 ± 8.8 mmHg; p < 0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance (6.7 ± 3.1 vs. 4.4 ± 2.0 WU; p < 0.001), along with an improvement in the cardiac index (2.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.8 ± 0.7 L/min/m2; p = 0.04) with significant reductions in the N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide level (pre-BPA, 353 pg/mL [207-1,960 pg/mL] vs. post-BPA, 167 pg/mL [73-629 pg/mL]; p = 0.03). The patients' functional class improved, and pulmonary hypertension-targeting drug requirements were significantly reduced. The pulmonary injury appeared in 3.4% of the 116 procedures, of which 50% were of grade 2. No patient of ≥70 years had grade 5 pulmonary injury. One periprocedural mortality was recorded (3%), and the median follow-up period was 2.8 years. The survival rate of the entire cohort at 1 and 3 years was 90.5 and 82.8%, respectively. Conclusion: BPA is an effective and safe approach in patients aged ≥70 years. It significantly improves patients' functional class, hemodynamic, and biomarkers, and reduces their pulmonary hypertension-targeting medical therapy requirements. These successes were achieved even though a significant percentage of patients did not complete the therapy. The rates of procedural complications and periprocedural mortality were low. Survival at 1 and 3 years was good in comparison to that of younger patients undergoing BPA.
INTRODUCTION: Heart transplant (HT) survival has barely improved in the last decades, which is unsatisfactory for many HT recipients. The development of anti-human leukocyte antigen (anti-HLA) antibodies in HT patients is associated with a cardiac allograft dysfunction. The mechanisms leading to this damage are unclear. The Multimodality Evaluation Of Antibody-Mediated Injury In Heart Transplantation (LEONE-HT) study aimed to thoroughly describe the damage inflicted on the myocardium by anti-HLA antibodies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The LEONE-HT study is a cohort study with a cross-sectional approach in which HT patients with positive anti-HLA antibodies are compared with coetaneous HT patients with negative anti-HLA antibodies. All patients will undergo a state-of-the-art multimodal assessment, including imaging techniques, coronary anatomy and physiology evaluations and histological and immunological analyses. The individual and combined primary outcomes of structural graft injuries and longitudinal secondary outcomes are to be compared between the exposed and non-exposed groups with univariate and multivariable descriptive analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The LEONE-HT study is carried out in accordance with the principles set out in the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for good clinical practice and following national laws and regulations. The study design, objectives and participant centers have been communicated to clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05184426). The LEONE-HT study counts on the support of patient associations to disseminate the objectives and results of the research. This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Society of Cardiology.
A 16-years-old male with prior diagnosis of situs inversus totalis and pulmonary atresia with interventricular communication underwent percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation 3 months after successful RVOT stenting following a negative balloon sizing test. Once finished the procedure, after consciousness recovery in the intensive care unit, the patient developed oppressive chest pain with very subtle electrocardiographic changes over his basal right bundle branch block. An urgent coronary angiography showed a severe stenosis in the proximal right coronary artery with TIMI 2 distal flow. Intravascular ultrasound imaging confirmed extrinsic compression. A 4 × 21 mm drug-eluting stent was successfully implanted relieving symptoms immediately. TIMI 3 flow was restored and good apposition and expansion were confirmed with intravascular ultrasound. A carefully review of the procedure showed that the pitfall responsible for this complication was the oversizing of the valve with respect to the size of the balloon used for the sizing test.
Drug-Eluting Stents , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency , Pulmonary Valve , Adolescent , Coronary Angiography , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Humans , Male , Pulmonary Valve/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Valve/surgery , Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Stents , Treatment Outcome
BACKGROUND: To describe long-term survival and cardiovascular events in adult patients with single ventricle physiology (SVP) without Fontan palliation, focusing on predictors of mortality and comparing groups according to their cardiovascular physiology. METHODS: Multicentre observational and retrospective study including adult patients with SVP without Fontan palliation since their first adult clinic visit. The cohort was subdivided into 3 groups: Eisenmenger, restricted pulmonary flow, and aortopulmonary shunt. Death was considered as the main end point. Other clinical outcomes occurring during follow-up were considered as secondary end points. RESULTS: A total of 146 patients, mean age 32.5 ± 11.1 years, were analysed. Over a mean follow-up of 7.3 ± 4.1 years, 33 patients (22.6%) died. Survival was 86% and 74% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Right ventricular morphology was not associated with higher mortality. Four variables at baseline were related to a higher mortality: at least moderate atrioventricular valve regurgitation, platelet count < 150 × 103/mm3, GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and QRS > 120 ms). A total of 34.2% of patients were admitted to the hospital due to heart failure, and 7.5% received a heart transplant. Other cardiovascular outcomes were also frequent: atrial arrhythmias in 19.2%, stroke in 15.1%, and pacemaker/implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in 6.2%/2.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Adult patients with SVP who had not undergone Fontan exhibit a high mortality rate and frequent major cardiovascular events. At least moderate atrioventricular valve regurgitation, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction, and QRS duration > 120 ms at baseline visit allow identification of a cohort of patients at higher risk of mortality.
Fontan Procedure , Heart Defects, Congenital , Adult , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Heart Ventricles/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
Betacoronavirus , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/etiology , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Vascular Diseases/congenital , Adult , COVID-19 , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Electrocardiography , Humans , Male , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Vascular Diseases/diagnosis , Vascular Diseases/etiology
No disponible
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Absorbable Implants , Vascular Grafting , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Stents , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
