Assessing cancer risk in the anterior part of the prostate using micro-ultrasound: validation of a novel distinct protocol.

PURPOSE: To develop and validate a micro-ultrasound risk score that predicts the likelihood of significant prostate cancer in the anterior zone. METHODS: Patients were enrolled from three expert institutions familiar with micro-ultrasound. The study was conducted in two phases. First, the PRI-MUS anterior score was developed by assessing selected prostate videos from patients who subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy. Second, seven urology readers with varying levels of experience in micro-ultrasound examination evaluated prostate loops according to the PRI-MUS anterior score. Each reader watched the videos and recorded the likelihood of the presence of significant cancer in the anterior part of the prostate in a three-point scale. The coherence among the readers was calculated using the Fleiss kappa and the Cronbach alpha. RESULTS: A total of 102 selected prostate scans were used to develop the risk assessment for anterior zone cancer in the prostate. The score comprised three categories: likely, equivocal, and unlikely. The median (IQR) sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the seven readers were 72% (68-84), 68% (64-84), 75% (72-81), and 73% (71-80), respectively. The mean SD ROC AUC was 0.75 ± 2%, while the Fleiss kappa and the Cronbach alpha were 0.179 and 0.56, respectively. CONCLUSION: Micro-ultrasound can detect cancerous lesions in the anterior part of the prostate. When combined with the PRI-MUS protocol to assess the peripheral part, it enables an assessment of the entire prostate gland. Pending external validation, the PRI-MUS anterior score developed in this study might be implemented in clinical practice.

[Management of urologic cancers in elderly people†: which implications†?] / Prise en charge de cancers urologiques chez la population âgée†: quels enjeux†?

Elderly patients with urologic cancer are often undertreated because of their age. Recently, many studies showed that advanced age is not an absolute contraindication to radical surgery for bladder and prostate cancer patients. For small renal cancers, instead, active surveillance with a close follow-up may be a valid alternative to surgery because of a low risk of progression. Patients' selection remains a crucial step to define the best treatment. This article summarizes the new tendencies of urologic cancer management in elderly patients.

Les personnes âgées avec un cancer urologique sont souvent traitées de façon sous-optimale en se basant uniquement sur leur âge avancé. Récemment, plusieurs chercheurs se sont intéressés à cette classe de la population et ont montré que l'âge avancé n'est pas forcément une contre-indication à réaliser une chirurgie majeure. Cependant, l'évaluation des bénéfices et des risques est déterminante car la grande majorité des néoplasies du rein et de la prostate ont une lente évolution et un faible risque de progression, raison pour laquelle, une surveillance active avec des examens réguliers peut donc être la meilleure alternative. La sélection du patient reste une étape cruciale afin de proposer la meilleure option thérapeutique. Cet article résume les nouvelles tendances de prise de charge des 3 pathologies onco-urologiques les plus fréquentes.

[Inguinal hernias in girls: is caryotype necessary?]. / Pédiatrie. 1. Hernie inguinale chez la fille: un caryotype est-il nécessaire?

The incidence of inguinal hernias in children is 1-4% with predominance in boys (10 to 1). Based on the data, 0.8-2.4% of premenstrual girls presenting with inguinal hernias have a complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). On the other hand, 80-90% of girls with CAIS present uni- or bilateral inguinal hernias. Unfortunately, this burdened pathology is very rarely looked for by pediatricians, or paediatric surgeons.