RESUMEN
Global temperatures are increasing rapidly affecting species globally. Understanding if and how different species can adapt fast enough to keep up with increasing temperatures is of vital importance. One mechanism that can accelerate adaptation and promote evolutionary rescue is sexual selection. Two different mechanisms by which sexual selection can facilitate adaptation are pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection. However, the relative effects of these different forms of sexual selection in promoting adaptation are unknown. Here, we present the results from an experimental study in which we exposed fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster to either no mate choice or 1 of 2 different sexual selection regimes (pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection) for 6 generations, under different thermal regimes. Populations showed evidence of thermal adaptation under precopulatory sexual selection, but this effect was not detected in the postcopulatory sexual selection and the no choice mating regime. We further demonstrate that sexual dimorphism decreased when flies evolved under increasing temperatures, consistent with recent theory predicting more sexually concordant selection under environmental stress. Our results suggest an important role for precopulatory sexual selection in promoting thermal adaptation and evolutionary rescue.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos no Narcóticos/uso terapéutico , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapéutico , Cesárea/métodos , Remoción de Dispositivos/métodos , Recuperación Mejorada Después de la Cirugía , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Catéteres Urinarios , Profilaxis Antibiótica/métodos , Antieméticos/uso terapéutico , Goma de Mascar , Vendajes de Compresión , Femenino , Hospitales Comunitarios , Humanos , Dolor Postoperatorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Paquetes de Atención al Paciente , Atención Perioperativa/métodos , Náusea y Vómito Posoperatorios/prevención & control , Embarazo , Mejoramiento de la CalidadRESUMEN
Laser and electrocautery devices used during surgery produce smoky emissions that may contain vapours and particulate aerosols, which can have a chemical and biological impact on those exposed. A group of theatre staff and specialist nurses at Rotherham District General Hospital got together to draw up a risk assessment into the possible occupational exposure of theatre staff, with a view to eliminating or controlling these hazards as far as possible.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/análisis , Diatermia , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Exposición Profesional/análisis , Quirófanos , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Benchmarking , Recolección de Datos/métodos , Inglaterra , Guías como Asunto , Hospitales de Distrito , Hospitales Generales , Humanos , Exposición por Inhalación/análisis , Salud Laboral , Humo/análisisRESUMEN
Laser and electrocautery devices used during surgery produce smoky emissions that may contain vapours and particulate aerosols, which can have a chemical and biological impact on those exposed. A group of theatre staff and specialist nurses at Rotherham District General Hospital got together to draw up a risk assessment into the possible occupational exposure of theatre staff, with a view to eliminating or controlling these hazards as far as possible.