RESUMEN
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are a species-rich and economically important group. The phylogenetic relationships among the many taxa are still to be fully resolved and the monophyly of several groups is still to be confirmed. This paper reports a study of the phylogenetic relationships among 23 economically important tephritid species (representing several major lineages of the family) which examines the sequence of a region of mitochondrial DNA encompassing the cytb, tRNA(Ser) and ND1 genes. Substitutions characteristic of particular taxa were found that could help classify members of the family at any developmental stage. The trees obtained by the maximum parsimony, neighbour joining and maximum likelihood methods were generally compatible with present morphological classification patterns. However, the data reveal some characteristics of the phylogenetic relationships of this family that do not agree with present classifications. The results support the probable non-monophyletic nature of the subfamily Trypetinae and suggest that Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillet) is more closely related to the genus Dacus than to other species of Bactrocera.
Asunto(s)
ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Filogenia , Tephritidae/clasificación , Tephritidae/genética , Animales , Citocromos b/genética , Cartilla de ADN/química , Femenino , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , NADH Deshidrogenasa/genética , ARN de Transferencia/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria , Análisis de Secuencia de Proteína/veterinariaRESUMEN
Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) has been related in some cases to the 8344 point mutation of the tRNA-lysine gene of the mitochondrial DNA, mainly in the context of families with classic myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) and exceptionally in patients with proximal myopathy as the only manifestation of mitochondrial disease. We report on two families harboring the 8344 mutation. The patients presented with MSL and myopathy, expressed as limb girdle weakness in index cases and as exercise intolerance in the others. All muscle biopsies performed showed lipid storage apart from RRF and respiratory chain complexes deficiency. A possible explanation for both adipose proliferation and lipid storage myopathy in these cases is a disturbance in intermediary lipid metabolism secondary to mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency that could be related via carnitine deficiency.
Asunto(s)
Lipomatosis Simétrica Múltiple/genética , Lipomatosis Simétrica Múltiple/patología , Mitocondrias Musculares/genética , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Mutación , Adolescente , Adulto , Deficiencia de Citocromo-c Oxidasa , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Lípidos/análisis , Síndrome MERRF/genética , Síndrome MERRF/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fibras Musculares de Contracción Rápida/enzimología , Fibras Musculares de Contracción Rápida/patología , Linaje , Vacuolas/patologíaRESUMEN
A seroepidemiological survey of Mediterranean spotted fever was carried out in the region of 'Vallés Occidental', Barcelona (Spain). The prevalence of antibodies to Rickettsia conorii in human beings and dogs was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. In 200 samples of sera from subjects without former history of boutonneuse fever, an overall prevalence of antibodies to R. conorii of 11.6% was found. Seropositivity was significantly higher in the age group greater than 50 years. A significant correlation between seropositivity and habitat, social status, contact with dogs or risky practices was not found. In 48 sera from subjects with a history of Mediterranean spotted fever in the previous 10 years, the overall prevalence of antibodies was 68.7%, being 56.2% among those individuals who had suffered from the disease between 5 and 10 years earlier. In 103 dog serum samples collected during the summer, seropositivity was 36.8%. Positive sera were only detected in 1 of the 97 samples collected in winter, which suggests a relatively short duration of the canine immune response after contact with R. conorii.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Fiebre Botonosa/epidemiología , Rickettsia/inmunología , Adolescente , Animales , Fiebre Botonosa/sangre , Perros , Humanos , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , España/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
A case of a newborn infant that develops a pneumoperitoneum secondary to barotrauma is reported. Alternatives about the decision to operate or not, are presented. It is concluded that in pneumoperitoneum subsequent to a pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum, in association to mechanical ventilation or possible barotrauma during resuscitation, a non-surgical attitude should be taken and the indication for surgery will be given by the deteriorating condition of the patient.