Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Inguinal Region Mimicking a Complicated Hernia in the Adult-An Unexpected Finding.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare tumor that is diagnosed mostly in children and adolescents, rarely in adults, representing 2-5% of all soft tissue sarcomas. It has four subtypes that are recognized: embryonal (50%), alveolar (20%), pleomorphic (20%), and spindle cell/sclerosing (10%). The diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is based on the histological detection of rhabdomyoblasts and the expression of muscle-related biomarkers. Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma consists morphologically of fusiform cells with vesicular chromatin arranged in a storiform pattern or long fascicles, with occasional rhabdomyoblasts. Also, dense, collagenous, sclerotic stroma may be seen more commonly in adults. We present a rare case of an adult who presented to the hospital with a tumor in the left inguinal area, was first diagnosed with a left strangulated inguinal hernia and was operated on as an emergency, although the diagnosis was ultimately a spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma of the inguinal region.

Acylhydrazones and Their Biological Activity: A Review.

Due to the structure of acylhydrazones both by the pharmacophore -CO-NH-N= group and by the different substituents present in the molecules of compounds of this class, various pharmacological activities were reported, including antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiedematous, antiglaucomatous, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and actions on the central nervous system and on the cardiovascular system. This fragment is found in the structure of several drugs used in the therapy of some diseases that are at the top of public health problems, like microbial infections and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the acylhydrazone moiety is present in the structure of some compounds with possible applications in the treatment of other different pathologies, such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease. Considering these aspects, we consider that a study of the literature data regarding the structural and biological properties of these compounds is useful.

Histopathological elements analyzed in dynamics in mechanical bowel obstructions - experimental study on laboratory animals.

Bowel obstruction is a syndrome that produces important alterations to the digestive tract, both macroscopically and microscopically. We conducted an experimental study using rats, Wistar strain, as subjects, dividing them into three groups. The group A consisted of six rats and served as control group, in the first day of the experiment a surgical procedure being performed to resect a small bowel and a colic segment to be analyzed microscopically afterwards. The 10 subjects from group B underwent a surgical procedure, in which we induced a mechanical bowel obstruction in the sigmoid colon, while to the 10 subjects from group C we induced a mechanical bowel obstruction in the small bowel. The initial protocol implied to observe the macroscopic modifications from five subjects from each group B and C after two days and afterwards to resect the digestive tract segment adjacent to the obstruction site. After another two days, a similar procedure was planned for the remaining subjects alive from both groups. A few subjects from group C died prematurely and the initial protocol had to be partially modified. The results highlighted an important distension of the digestive tract proximal to the obstruction, with important microscopically reactions, including edema, thrombosis, ischemic lesions and accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and macrophages.

The importance of screening and prenatal diagnosis in the identification of the numerical chromosomal abnormalities.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The obstetric care of a pregnancy, as it is practiced today, includes non-invasive screening approaches as well as invasive procedures for the definitive prenatal diagnosis of fetal disorders correlations between indications for prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis and results of the chromosomal analysis made upon fetal cells. The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlations between the screening test results and results of chromosomal analysis on fetal cells. METHODS: Amniotic fluid samples from 1159 pregnant women were studied with the rapid FISH method and the cytogenetic analysis (karyotype). The results from both methods were compared. RESULTS: The indications to perform prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis for numerical chromosomal abnormalities were: abnormal results of double or triple test, advanced maternal age, fetal abnormality detected through ultrasound examination, and positive family history for chromosomal anomalies. In our study we identified 30 cases with abnormal numeric chromosomes (18 cases of trisomy 21, 4 cases of trisomy 18, 3 cases of trisomy X, 1 case of monosomy, 2 cases of trisomy XYY, 1 case of trisomy XXY and 1 case of triploidy). CONCLUSIONS: This report confirms the importance of screening and the cytogenetic diagnosis in the identification of the numerical chromosomal abnormalities.