Study on the effect of intervention on postpartum psychological improvement and body recovery of caesarean section women based on information-motivation-behavioural skills model.

AIM: To explore the effect of information-motivation-behavioural skills (IMB) model on psychological and emotional state of caesarean section (CS) women. DESIGN: Control-group patients got routine nursing during the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods. Observation-group patients received routine nursing combined with the IMB model that included specific informational, motivational and behavioural interventions. METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 102) who underwent CS in Hangzhou Women's Hospital were randomly divided into Control and Observation-groups (n = 51 each). Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and general self-efficacy scale (GSES) scores, complication rate, fatigue severity scale (FSS) and Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) scores were compared. RESULT: Interventions lowered SAS and SDS scores, significantly lower in the Observation-group (p < 0.05), and increased GSES scores, significantly higher in the Observation-group (p < 0.05). Observation-group had less complications (4.08% vs. 17.39% in the Control-group; p < 0.05), and decreased FSS and EPDS scores (p < 0.05).

Functions and performance of ionic liquids in enhancing electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions: a comprehensive review.

As a green and renewable energy source, hydrogen can be produced by the electrolysis of water via the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, this method requires efficient and low-cost electro-catalysts to improve hydrogen production efficiency. Ionic liquids (ILs), with a unique combination of such superior properties as low vapor pressure, high electrical conductivity, high electrochemical stability, and a wide variety of functional groups, have found applications in electrochemical systems designed for efficient HER. Herein, we provide a comprehensive and updated review on the functions and performance of ILs used in electrochemical systems to enhance the HER. As the name suggests, ILs have been employed either as electrolytes by themselves, or as electrolyte additives. They also played many functional roles in the synthesis of HER electrocatalysts, including as the synthesis reaction solvent, reaction precursor as well as single/dual ion sources, binder and structure-directing agents of the catalysts. With the assistance of ILs, HER efficiency of electrocatalysts was improved significantly, resulting in decreased overpotentials in the range of 16-385 mV @ 10 mA cm-2 and increased Tafel slopes in the range of 30-210 mV dec-1. Lastly, the problems and challenges of ILs in electrocatalytic water electrolysis and HER are also discussed and their prospects considered.

Clinical Outcomes of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty after High Tibial Osteotomy and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

As more high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are performed, orthopaedic surgeons realize that more HTO and UKA failures will require revision to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the future. To systematically evaluate the clinical outcomes of TKA after HTO and TKA after UKA, the Embase, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies investigating revision TKA after HTO and UKA published up to June 2021. RevMan version 5.3 was used to perform the meta-analysis. The revision TKA after HTO and revision TKA after UKA groups were compared in terms of operative time, range of motion (ROM), knee score, postoperative complications, postoperative infection, revision, and revision implants used. Nine studies were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed that the knee score for the revision TKA after HTO group was better than that of the revision TKA after UKA group (MD 4.50 [95% CI 0.80-8.20]; p = 0.02). The revision TKA after HTO group had a lower revision rate (OR 0.65 [95% CI 0.55-0.78]; p < 0.00001) and fewer revision implants used (OR 0.11 [95% CI 0.05-0.23]; p < 0.00001). There were no statistical differences in operation time (MD -2.00 [95% CI -11.22 to 7.21]; p = 0.67), ROM (MD -0.04 [95% CI -3.69-3.61]; p = 0.98), postoperative complications (OR 1.41 [95% CI 0.77-2.60]; p = 0.27), or postoperative infections (OR 0.89 [95% CI 0.61-1.29]; p = 0.53). To conclude, the revision rate of revision TKA after UKA was greater, and more revision implants were required. It is important for orthopaedic surgeons to preserve bone during primary UKA.

Perfectionism and Psychological Distress among Chinese Judges: Do Age and Gender Make a Difference?

BACKGROUND: Judges may experience mental health problems, which reduces their performance in juridical cases, and constitutes a great threat to both the authority of law and social justice. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress among judges and examine the effect of perfectionism on psychological distress with age and gender as the moderators. METHODS: This survey was carried out in person with 565 Chinese judges in 2016, using the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The effects of perfectionism on psychological distress was explored by Structural Equation Model (SEM), and the moderating effects of age and gender were tested by Multi-group analysis. RESULTS: Psychological distress was reported by 89.20% of the judges surveyed. Discrepancy had a significant positive effect on psychological distress, but order had a significant negative effect on psychological distress, with high standards exerting no significant effect. Age had a significant moderating effect, whereas the moderating effect of gender was not significant. CONCLUSION: The three dimensions of perfectionism exerted different effects on psychological distress of Chinese judges, and the relationships were moderated by age.

From reversible to irreversible bistable switches via bifurcations in a gene regulatory network.

The interplay of small, noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs), mRNAs and proteins plays crucial roles in almost all cellular processes. MiR-124, widely known as a memory-related miRNA, can regulate LTM by binding to the mRNA of CREB1 stimulated with 5-HT. In this paper, we establish a regulatory network model of CREB1 and miR-124 stimulated by 5-HT, in which miR-124 inhibits CREB1, which in turn enhances miR-124. Our model validates three protocols based on 5-HT in experiments on the induction of LTM in Aplysia. A steady-state analysis and numerical bifurcations of the abstracted system beyond memory formation, when the fast reaction has been in the equilibrium, can facilitate more abundant dynamical behaviors such as bistability and oscillation. The original system also exhibits bistability under appropriate feedback strengths, which is relevant to the mechanism of LTM formation. Furthermore, we specifically show a change in the transition from a reversible switch to an irreversible switch via bifurcations of the negative regulation of miR-124 on CREB1, which eventually maintains a high phosphorylated CREB1 level after initially elevated by 5-HT. These findings indicate that miR-124 provides an inhibitory constraint on long-term synaptic plasticity through the regulation of CREB1.

Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel sialidase from Brevibacterium casei.

The sialidase gene from Brevibacterium casei was cloned in pET28a and overexpressed as a histidine-tagged protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The histidine-tagged sialidase protein was purified and characterized from the crude cell extracts of isopropyl-ß-d-thiogalactopyranoside-induced cells using Ni-NTA agarose chromatography. SDS-PAGE using the purified sialidase indicated a single band at 116 kDa. This sialidase showed maximum activity at a pH of 5.5 and temperature of 37 °C. The kinetic parameters Km and Vmax for the artificial substrate 2'-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-d-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid sodium salt hydrate were 1.69 × 10-3 mM and 244 mmol·Min-1 ·mg-1 , respectively. The sialidase may catalyze the hydrolysis of terminal sialic acids linked by the α-(2,3) and α-(2,8) linkage of polysialogangliosides, but it does not act on monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1), which offers it a great potential for commercially producing GM1 from polysialogangliosides.

[Determination of phenolic compounds in fresh tobacco leaves by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/mass spectrometry].

Twenty-five phenolic compounds in tobacco were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV/MS), including absolute quantification of 11 main phenols by HPLC-UV and relative quantification of other 14 phenols by SHPLC-MS. The validation results of this method were satisfactory. Eleven phenol standards showed good linearity with correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.999 3 - 0.999 9 over the mass concentration range from 0.90 mg/L to 99.00 mg/L (the range of chlorogenic acid and rutin was from 0.95 mg/L to 380.00 mg/L). The recoveries of the 11 phenol standards were 91.0% - 112.4% with the RSDs of 0.33% - 8.11% at the three spiked levels of 22.5 - 24.8, 45.0 - 49.5 and 67.5 - 74.3 mg/L. The reproducibility of the method was good with the RSDs of 1.48% - 13.40%. In addition, the intra-day and inter-day precisions were also satisfactory with the RSDs of 0.35% - 15.54%. Mature fresh tobacco leaves from Yunnan, Henan and Guizhou Provinces, China were analyzed using this method. The results showed that the total amount of main phenols was Guizhou > Yunnan > Henan and there was significant difference between Guizhou and Henan. The amount of rutin was Yunnan > Guizhou > Henan, and there were significant differences among them each other. The method is reproducible with a simple pretreatment covering a wide range of phenols, and can be applied in batch analysis of tobacco leaves.

Efficient conversion from polysialogangliosides to monosialotetrahexosylganglioside using Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2.

A new sialidase-producing strain isolated from soil was identified as Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2. Sialidase was produced when Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 was exposed to polysialogangliosides. The sialidase of Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 hydrolyzed sialic acid linkages in polysialogangliosides, and released monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1). The sialidase had the capability of product specificity because it did not attack the sialic acid linkage in GM1. Therefore, Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 was used for GM1 production from polysialogangliosides. In flasks cultivation phase, it was proved that Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 could convert polysialogangliosides to GM1 efficiently. Scaling-up the bioprocess with 8% crude ganglioside, polysialogangliosides was converted to GM1 by Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 in 30 L bioreactor after 18 h. The relative content of GM1 increased from 16.3% in crude ganglioside to 83.7% after Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 conversion. Therefore, a simple, large-scale conversion process for GM1 production from polysialogangliosides was achieved using Oerskovia xanthineolytica YZ-2 as a biocatalyst.

Biocontrol of Alternaria alternata on cherry tomato fruit by use of marine yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum Fell & Tallman.

The basidiomycetous yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum Fell & Tallman isolated from the south of East China Sea was evaluated for its activity in reducing postharvest decay of cherry tomatoes caused by Alternaria alternata in vitro and in vivo tests. The results showed that washed cell suspension of R. paludigenum provided better control of A. alternata than any other treatment, while the autoclaved cell culture failed to provide protection against the pathogen. The concentration of antagonist had significant effect on biocontrol effectiveness in vivo: when the concentration of the washed yeast cell suspension was used at 1 x 10(9)cells/ml, the percentage rate of black rot of cherry tomato fruit was only 37%, which was remarkably lower than that treated with water (the control) after 5days of incubation at 25 degrees C. Furthermore, a great biocontrol efficacy of R. paludigenum was observed when it was applied prior to inoculation with A. alternata: the longer the incubation time of R. paludigenum, the lower disease incidence would be. However, there was little efficacy when R. paludigenum was applied after A. alternata inoculation. In addition, on the wounds of cherry tomato, it was observed that R. paludigenum grew rapidly increasing 50-fold during the first 12h at 25 degrees C. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first report concerning that the marine yeast R. paludigenum could be used as a biocontrol agent of postharvest fungal disease.