CT appearances of gastric injury due to caustic ingestion and associated findings (a study of 30 cases).

The mortality and morbidity of acute caustic gastric injuries are high. The spectrum of gastric injury due to caustic ingestion varies from hyperemia, erosion, and extensive ulcers to mucosal necrosis. Severe transmural necrosis can be associated with fistulous complications in the acute and subacute phases and stricture formation in the chronic phase. Due to these important clinical implications, timely diagnosis and appropriate management of gastric caustic injury are crucial, and endoscopy plays a pivotal role. However, critically ill patients or those with overt peritonitis and shock cannot undergo endoscopy. Thoraco-abdominal computed tomography (CT) is preferable to endoscopy as it avoids the risk of esophageal perforation and allows the evaluation of the entire gastrointestinal tract, as well as of the surrounding organs. With the advantage of not being invasive, CT scan has a promising role in the early evaluation of caustic injury. It has an increasing role in the emergency setting with good accuracy in identifying patients who are likely to benefit from surgery. In this pictorial essay, we present the CT spectrum of caustic injury of stomach and associated thoraco-abdominal injuries, with clinical follow-up.

Abdominal tuberculosis: A retrospective analysis of 45 cases.

Abdominal tuberculosis is defined as infection of the peritoneum, hollow or solid abdominal organs with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The peritoneum and the ileocaecal region are the most likely sites of infection and are involved in the majority of the cases by haematogenous spread or through swallowing of infected sputum from primary pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is apparent in less than half of the patients. Patients usually present with abdominal pain, and the cause is usually identified through a combination of radiologic, endoscopic, microbiologic, histologic and molecular techniques. Anti-microbial treatment is the same as for pulmonary tuberculosis. Surgery is occasionally required.

Supernumerary Breast on the Back: a Case Report.

Supernumerary breast is an uncommon disease seen in Asian population at an incidence of 2-6 % of general population. The pathology despite being present since birth remains asymptomatic till hormonal stimulation viz. puberty, pregnancy, and lactation. The management for such benign ectopic breast tissue is excision. However, one should always rule out malignancy in such lumps.