[Changes in lymphocytes under influence of oxidative substrates].

Blood lymphocytes of children with oncology diseases were studied in smears compared with healthy ones examined from the closely selected group. The following two methods were used: the traditional in hematology method of smear staining for detection of blood formula and lymphocyte indices and the staining with novel cytobiochemical method including 60-min incubation in biochemical medium for estimation of the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and their ratio, that can serve as a measure of respiration and glycolysis--Warburg effect, typical of tumor. The great increase in lymphocyte size by addition of lactate was found in blood smears of patients with tumors. This effect was not pronounced by addition of succinate and in cells of healthy persons. Changes in the structure of the cells in patients were also related to the changes in the activity of enzymes studied. These changes can be considered as transition of metabolism and the structure of cells to the state in tumor. Cytobiochemical method allows for higher diagnostic sensitivity of patient examination and efficiency of medical care of patients with oncological diseases.

[Stem cells and precancer inflammatory conditions in development of age-specific cancer].

Most, if not all epithelial tissues contain stem/progenitor cells and niche, where the cells are kept on deposit. These cells are responsible for normal tissue renewal or the regeneration following damage. The age-increased incidence of epithelial cancer (above 90% among other tumors) has been associated with age-reduced stability to injury in epithelium and its decline in regeneration capacity. What makes the epithelial tissues susceptible to cancer transformation under aging? The goal of this review is to check the hypothesis that injury-induced changes in aging epithelium create opportunities for chronic (not acute) inflammatory response, which support pro-cancer microenvironment conditions similar to cancer microenvironment. Both this microenvironments is able to stimulate the homing and division of stem/progenitor cells but not their differentiation. These local changes together with age-reduced immunity, could contribute to the pathogenesis of age-specific cancer.

Spectrokinetic characteristics of two types of fluorescence of refractive granules in native individual cells from ascitic tumours.

The spectrokinetic parameters of two different types of fluorescence of lipid-containing refractory granules (RG1 and RG2) specific to native single cells from rat ovarian tumour and Zaidela ascites hepatoma were studied. With these parameters it was possible for the first time to reveal and estimate the contribution of fluorescent lipid peroxidation products to the total fluorescence band (430-470 nm) of RG1 as well as to reveal another fluorescent component with parameters similar to those of NAD(P)H. The phenomenon of 'photoinflammation' of RG2 fluorescence under UV light, reported previously for lipofuscin granules, was observed in vitro for four retinal derivatives, but only in the absence of their contact with air.

[Questions on the origin of the fluorescent "inflammation" effect in lipofuscin granules]. / K voprosu o proiskhozhdenii éffekta "vozgoraniia" fluorestsentsii v lipofustsinovykh granulakh.

It has been shown that the effect of fluorescence "inflammation" in lipid-containing granules (LCG) within the range of 540-570 nm is due to the presence of retinene derivatives in their composition. Retinene derivatives under investigation (three out of four) gave rise to the effect of "inflammation" only under anaerobic conditions. Manifestation of this effect in vitro correlated with the number of unsaturated double bonds in the aromatic ring.

[Effect of hydrogen ion concentration in the medium on the state of chromatin in lymphoid cells]. / Vliianie kontsentratsii ionov vodoroda v srede na sostoianie khromatina v limfoidnykh kletkakh.

Effect of medium acidity (pH 7.2 divided by 6.6) on the state of lymphoid tissue cells was studied by microspectrofluorimetry, electrophoresis and IR-spectroscopy. Two stages of the cell structural-functional changes were found at H2CO3 acidification of the medium. The first one is a reversible transition of chromatin from the state of dense sphere to the margination state when chromatin is located along the membrane. The second one is an irreversible destruction of chromatin and the cell death. The margination stage is related to the formation of non-specific DNA-membrane contacts, while the chromatin destruction stage to the "proton breakdown" of the macromolecules and their supramolecular complexes. A relationship between the degree of margination reversibility and the value of the medium acidification and the time of cell incubation in it is shown. Different functional significance of chromatin marginated state is discussed.

[Local immunoregulatory action of malignant tumors]. / O mestnom immunoreguliatornom deistvii zlokachestvennykh opukholei.

It is suggested that the products of tumour metabolism are able of changing the electrokinetic parameters of lymphoid cells, thus providing the favourable growth conditions for the tumour. The studies have been carried out with ascites strain of the ovary tumour. It is shown that ascite liquid increases the electrophoretic mobility of the lymphoid cells in vivo and of blood lymphocytes of control rats (especially of old animals) in vitro. The changes in electrokinetic parameters of the lymphoid cells may be a cause of insufficient response of the local immune reactions.