[Neocystoplasty after pelvic evisceration on the subject of colorectal cancer].

The experience of 104 total pelvic eviscerations, 78 operations on the reason of locally advanced colorectal cancer, was analyzed. The reconstructive stage included urine reservoir formation in all cases. Different organs were used for the purpose. Early postoperative complications were registered in 74,3% of patients. Postoperative death rate was 8,9%, in majority of cases as a reason of the anastomotic insufficiency. Of the recovered patients, 48 survived 1 year after the operation, 16 patients showed the 3 years survival and 6 patients had lived more then 5 years.

[Pathogenetic approach to the treatment of esophageal anastomosis failure].

The original method of esophageal anastomosis failure treatment and prophylaxis was used in 2190 patients. The method involves a device, providing a continuous irrigation of the anastomosis area with antiseptic and prevents contact between the suture line and gastric contents. It allowed to decrease of anastomosis failure to 0,6%. Postoperative lethality after operations performed on account of gastric cancer was 2,2% and 6,5% after operations on account of esophageal cancer. None of the patients had died due to esophageal anastomosis failure during the last 5 years.

[Method of surgical chemotherapy on organism automedia during surgical procedures for breast and colon cancer].

Method of surgical chemotherapy on organism automedia during surgical procedures for breast and colon malignant tumors has been developed. The method consists in intravenous autohemochemotherapy and local autoplasmochemotherapy (into residuary mammary tissue or regional arterial mesenteric vessel).

[Effect of epithalamin on free-radical reactions in the formed elements of blood from breast cancer patients]. / Vliianie épitalamina na aktivnost' svobodnoradikal'nykh protsessov v formennykh élementakh krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Translocation of cytomedins into the cell is determined by their interaction with cellular membranes. The investigation concerned membrane-associated free-radical reactions in the formed elements of blood incubated with epithalamin. The antioxidative effect of epithalamin on such elements as red blood cells and lymphocytes sampled from breast cancer patients manifested itself as enhanced activity of antioxidative enzymes and elevated concentrations of fat-soluble antioxidative vitamins in the membranes. These changes are likely to be brought about by the intensification of their regeneration from the oxidized forms. It is suggested that the stimulating effect of epithalamin on immunocompetent cells is due to its modulating influence on free-radical reactions. This effect gives epithalamin significant advantage over many immunotropic drugs and makes a case for its large-scale application for immunological rehabilitation of cancer patients.

[Effect of new chemotherapeutic methods on the biologic tissue environment and on the immune status of patients with breast cancer]. / Vliianie novykh metodov khimioterapii na biologicheskikh sredakh organizma na immunnyi status bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Standard (SCT), autoplasmochemotherapy using cytostatics preincubation with autoplasma (APCT) and autoblood (autohemochemotherapy--AHCT) were compared to evaluate their effects on locally advanced breast tumors. SCT showed marked immunosuppressor effect while APCT and, particularly, AHCT--a sparing one. The use of the latter modalities involved significantly higher levels of active T-, NK- and cytotoxic CD+ 8 cells. A comparison of the latter methods also showed ABCT to yield a better subset balance between T- and B-cells and a higher level of their mitogen response.

[Effect of chemotherapeutical agents on the structure and function of blood serum albumin in breast cancer]. / Vliianie khimiopreparatov na strukturu i funktsional'nye svoistva al'bumina syvorotki krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Superoxide-removing activity, the number of sulfo-hydryl NH2-groups and groups, mean mass molecular concentration, free and antioxidant activity of albumin were determined in blood serum and its albumin fraction in 20 patients with breast cancer T3-4N1-2Mo, before and after incubation with cyclophosphamide, adriablastin, methotrexate and vincristine at concentrations used in clinic. Our data suggested that, following incubation with blood plasma, chemotherapeutic drugs bound to albumin fraction and protein fragmentation took place. Preincubation of blood plasma with the drugs and their immobilization on albumin molecules caused protein fragmentation to occur. Fragments having pro-oxidant properties might have been absorbed and fixed by both tumor tissues and any others thus creating a pool of fast-dividing cells and organs. Therefore, cytostatic drugs can exert enhanced antitumor action and, at the same time, a highly toxic effect when administered with autoplasma during chemotherapy.

[Effect of homolymph on some elements of antioxidants in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients]. / Vliianie gomolimfy na nekotorye zven'ia antiokislitel'noi zashchity perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh rakom lëgkogo.

The influence of homolymph and of that incubated with chemopreparations on in vitro activity of antioxidants of blood was compared to establish a possible mechanism of effective application of homolymphochemotherapy for locally advanced tumors of the lung. As a result of homolymph injection into the blood, mainly non-enzymatic systems of antioxidant defense by lymphocytes were affected. This was probably due to their being disposed of in the course of host-against-transplant reaction to heterogenous antigens of donor lymph. Neutrophil functional activity was shown to pick up again as homolymph and chemotherapeutic drugs interacted with blood. A possible therapeutic effect of homolymph and chemopreparations on blood may be alleviating lung tumor suppression of granulocytes.

[The effect of autolymph on peripheral blood antioxidants in lung cancer patients]. / Vliianie autolimfy na sistemu antiokislitel'noi zashchity perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

To establish the effect of autolymphochemotherapy on enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems of antioxidant protection of plasma and formed elements in blood of lung cancer patients, certain indices of peroxidation processes were simulated using a model containing blood and autolymph (with chemopreparations) sampled from patients with lung tumors. Autolymph injection into the patients' blood stream was followed on the basis moderate stress reaction which of caused reactions of endogenous antioxidants to oscillate. However, the structure and function of cellular membranes of formed elements were not affected. Chemotherapy neither aggravated stress condition nor did it exert direct cytotoxic effect on blood cells.

[Does tumor size influence the antioxidant defenses of the body]. / Vliiaet li ob''em opukholi na sostoianie antioksidantnoi zashchity organizma?

A relationship between blood antioxidant status in patients with cervical tumors (T3NxM0) and size of primary tumor has been investigated. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant defenses were most severely damaged in cases of large tumors which suggested a specific suppression of adaptation systems by malignancies. These findings make a case for further research in antioxidant therapy for cervical carcinoma with due consideration of pathogenetic features of tumor disease.

[Specific changes in the parameters of blood antioxidant status in patients with cervical carcinoma in the course of cancer therapyi]. / Osobennosti izmeneniia parametrov antiokislitel'nogo statusa krovi bol'nykh rakom sheiki matki v dinamike protivoopukholevogo lecheniia.

Parameters of the blood and plasma antioxidant systems were investigated at different stages of specific therapy for T3NxM0 cervical tumors in 23 patients to identify mechanisms of "relative" drug resistance. Treatment included preoperative telegammatherapy (10 Gy), aregional and regional lymphinfusion with low and high doses of cytostatics, respectively, complemented with endolymphatic injection of tocopherol acetate 100 ng. As a result, surgery after Wertheim became feasible in 14 out of 23 patients following external exposure to 30-40 Gy. Morphological examination detected metastases into the regional lymph nodes in 3 patients. The advantages offered by the treatment modality include adequate response to therapy as well as access to control of free-radical processes taking place in membranes of immunocompetent cells which in turn assures good clinical results.

[The effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on free-radical oxidation of lipids in the lymph of lung cancer patients]. / Vliianie khimiopreparatov na protsessy svobodno-radikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov v limfe bol'nykh rakom lëgkogo.

Indices of lipid peroxidation in lymph from lung cancer patients before and after chemotherapy were studied. Chemotherapeutic drugs were shown to exert a moderate stressor effect on lymph by triggering oscillating reactions of endogenous antioxidant systems. Stress releases a pool of low-molecular weight antioxidants. Absence of catalase activity in plasma and lymphocytes is a peculiar feature of lymph in lung cancer patients.

[Endogenous factors in the pathogenesis of vulvar cancer]. / Nekotorye éndogennye faktory patogeneza raka vul'vy.

In 59 patients with cancer of the vulva, levels of ACTH, FSH, thyrotropin, prolactin, somatotropin, cortisol, triiodothyronine, thyroxin, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol were measured in blood whereas those of 17-HOCS, 17-CS and estrogens--in urine. Hormonal imbalance was established at all levels of the endocrine system, viz. increased concentrations of cortisol and 17-HOCS, decreased ACTH level, shift in androgen/estrogen and androgen/progestin ratios towards testosterone, lowered FSH and somatotropin output and elevated blood-prolactin level.

[The detection of cancer patients in polyclinics of the general medical network]. / Vyiavlenie onkologicheskikh bol'nykh v poliklinikakh obshchei lechebnoi seti.

It has been shown that there is still room for improvement in cancer detection in the general medical service. A wide range of medical check-ups should be used to improve early diagnosis of cancer. Automated systems are recommended for mass screening and follow-up.

[Endogenous factors in the development of leukoplakia and kraurosis vulvae]. / Nekotorye éndogennye faktory v razvitii leikoplakii i krauroza vul'vy.

Levels of tropic hormones of the pituitary, glucocorticoids and male and female sex hormones were assayed in 17 cases of kraurosis and leukoplakia of the vulva prior to treatment. Most patients revealed an abnormally high androgen/estrogen ratio, elevated level of glucocorticoids and low concentrations of thyrotropic hormone, prolactin and T3. The above disturbances are closely related and interdependent.