An asymptomatic 17-month-old, 18.5-kg, male Staffordshire bull terrier was referred due to a heart murmur. Examination revealed a grade 3/6 left apical systolic and right apical 3/6 heart murmur. Echocardiography showed volume overload of the left ventricle and mild systolic dysfunction with a left-right flow over the interventricular septal region. Cardiac gated computed tomography revealed anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, an extensive network of collateral blood vessels connected the right and left coronary arteries, with bronchial and left intercostal arteries also connected to the network of collateral blood vessels, markedly enlarged right and left coronary arteries and left coronary sinus. With varied presentation, coronary anomalies are difficult to recognise and classify and to the best of our knowledge this is the first case of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery diagnosis in the dog.
Coronary Vessel Anomalies , Dog Diseases , Pulmonary Artery , Dogs/abnormalities , Animals , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/veterinary , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnostic imaging , Male , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/congenital , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Echocardiography/veterinary , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary
The efficacy of a Vitex agnus castus preparation (Strotan capsules) was investigated in a randomized double blind study vs. placebo. This clinical study involved 52 women with luteal phase defects due to latent hyperprolactinaemia. The daily dose was one capsule (20 mg) Vitex agnus castus preparation and placebo, respectively. Aim of the study was to prove whether the elevated pituitary prolactin reserve can be reduced and deficits in luteal phase length and luteal phase progesterone synthesis be normalized. Blood for hormonal analysis was taken at days 5-8 and day 20 of the menstrual cycle before and after three month of therapy. Latent hyperprolactinaemia was analysed by monitoring the prolactin release 15 and 30 min after i.v. injection of 200 micrograms TRH. 37 complete case reports (placebo: n = 20, verum: n = 17) after 3 month of therapy were statistically evaluated. The prolactin release was reduced after 3 months, shortened luteal phases were normalised and deficits in the luteal progesterone synthesis were eliminated. These changes were significant and occurred only in the verum group. All other hormonal parameters did not change with the exception of 17 beta-estradiol which rouse up in the luteal phase in patients receiving verum. Side effects were not seen, two women treated with the Vitex agnus castus preparation got pregnant. The tested preparation is thought to be an efficient medication in the treatment of luteal phase defects due to latent hyperprolactinaemia.
Hyperprolactinemia/complications , Luteal Phase/drug effects , Menstruation Disturbances/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Adult , Capsules , Double-Blind Method , Female , Hormones/blood , Humans , Menstruation Disturbances/etiology , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/adverse effects , Prolactin/blood
PIP: The author analyzes marriage trends in Poland for persons over 50 years of age. Characteristics examined include proportion of married males and females in older age groups, number of first marriages and remarriages, age distribution, and fertility (SUMMARY IN ENG, RUS)^ieng
Divorce , Fertility , Marital Status , Marriage , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Poland , Population , Population Dynamics
