Elevated urinary IL-1ß levels in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella infections.

INTRODUCTION: Multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli and Klebsiella infections are rising. IL-1ß has been implicated in the differentiation of symptomatic and asymptomatic urinary tract infections, but its role in MDR infections has not been elucidated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Urinary IL-1ß levels were analysed by ELISA. RESULTS: Urinary IL-1ß levels were statistically higher in patients with bacterial burden compared to controls and also in patients with MDR bacterial infections compared to those with multidrug-sensitive bacterial infections. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary IL-1ß levels might be a useful tool to identify patients with challenging MDR bacterial infections.