PAP Test Versus Colposcopy for Cervical Cancer Screening in HIV-Seropositive Women: A Case-Control Study.

Purpose: The prevalence of pre-invasive lesions (PIL) of cervix in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive women ranges from 12.5 to 69%. Although Papanicolaou (PAP) test is the recommended screening method, it has concerns owing to high false-negative cytology in HIV-infected women and is associated with high attrition rates. The current study aims to compare the role of routine colposcopy with PAP test at initial visit for screening of pre-invasive lesions of cervix in HIV-seropositive women. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 120 HIV-seropositive women aged 25-50 years and screened for PIL of cervix by PAP test and colposcopy simultaneously was conducted. Colposcopy-directed biopsy was taken if SWEDE score was ≥ 5, and the results were compared with PAP report as well as the histopathology findings. Results: Out of the 120 women screened, abnormal colposcopy was found in 22 women (18.3%) out of which 12 (54.54%) were positive for PIL of cervix on biopsy as well. Abnormal PAP test was found in 6 women (5%), and all had abnormal colposcopy and histopathological findings suggestive of PIL as well. There were 6 women with PIL of cervix who would have been missed if only PAP test was to be used as the screening modality. Conclusion: Colposcopy was superior in detection of PIL of cervix in HIV-seropositive women. Therefore, the authors conclude that colposcopy should be incorporated as a primary screening tool for pre-invasive lesions of cervix in HIV-seropositive women.

Emerging lactic acid bacteria bacteriocins as anti-cancer and anti-tumor agents for human health.

Modern cancer diagnostics and treatment options have greatly improved survival rates; the illness remains a major cause of mortality worldwide. Current treatments for cancer, such as chemotherapy, are not cancer-specific and may cause harm to healthy cells; therefore, it is imperative that new drugs for cancer be developed that are both safe and effective. It has been found that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the potential to produce bacteriocins, which could potentially offer a promising alternative for cancer treatment. They have been shown in several studies to be effective against cancer cells while having no effect on healthy cells. More research is needed to fully understand the potential of LAB bacteriocins as anti-cancer medicines, to find the appropriate dose and delivery route, and to conduct clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the products in human patients, as is suggested by this work. Furthermore, LAB bacteriocins may evolve into a significant new class of anti-cancer drugs and food products. Patients with cancer may have a safe and effective alternative treatment option in the form of anti-cancer foods and drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide an in-depth analysis of the recent breakthroughs and potential future technical advancements of significant bacteriocins that are produced by LAB, how these bacteriocins function, and how these bacteriocins may be utilized as an anti-cancer agent. In addition, the current analysis emphasizes the significant constraints and boundaries that bacteriocins face when they are used as an anti-cancer factor.

Xeroderma Pigmentosum with a Rapidly Proliferating Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a 4-Year Old Kid: A Rare Entity in Indian Subcontinent.

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, affecting nucleotide excision repair against ultraviolet radiation. This genodermatosis (a hereditary skin disorder) is distinguished by photosensitivity, alterations in cutaneous pigmentation, premature aging of the skin, and the typically observed onset of cutaneous and internal malignancies towards the conclusion of the first decade of life. In this article, we present a case involving a 4-year-old girl from North India who was born to non-consanguineous parents and developed an extensive fungating growth on her face. Subsequent diagnosis revealed the presence of squamous cell carcinoma, resulting in significant facial disfigurement. While xeroderma pigmentosum is a recognized condition, its occurrence in India, particularly in the northern region, is relatively rare. This report also underscores a noteworthy observation-the emergence of a cutaneous malignancy at such a tender age.

Myxoid liposarcoma diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology: There is more to it than meets the eye.

ABSTRACT: Liposarcoma is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm commonly involving deep soft tissues and the retroperitoneum. Among the various types of liposarcoma, myxoid liposarcoma is the most frequently encountered in adolescents and young adults, with a predilection for lower extremities. Fine needle aspiration allows easy assessment and rapid on-site evaluation for distinguishing benign from malignant lipomatous lesions. Here, we present a case of myxoid liposarcoma in the calf region of a 19-year-old boy, diagnosed via fine needle aspiration cytology, and subsequently confirmed by histopathological examination after surgical resection. The intention behind this case report is to highlight the cytological features of myxoid liposarcoma and to improve understanding of this tumor entity, aiming to prevent misdiagnosis by inexperienced pathologists when evaluating cytology specimens.

Vaginal Vault Closure Following Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: Laparoscopic versus Conventional Technique - A Comparative Study.

Objectives: Vault closure is the final step to hysterectomy, protecting the abdominal cavity from the exterior environment. Thus, closure becomes crucial in preventing ascend of infection to the peritoneal cavity. Our study aims to compare vault closure between laparoscopic and vaginal routes, their operating time, and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: The ambispective comparative study was done in a tertiary care teaching center from June 2016 to December 2022. Three hundred and forty-four patients were included in the study that underwent a total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Interventions - Patients who had laparoscopic vault closure were in Group 1 (N = 198) and those who had vaginal closure were in Group 2 (N = 146). The results were compared. It included age, body mass index of the patient, the indication of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, size of the uterus, time taken during vault closure, and postoperative complications. Results: The time taken by laparoscopic vault repair was significantly less than vaginal repair (19.7 ± 13.3 min vs. 30.1 ± 6.6 min, P < 0.001). There was postoperative vault infection (2.7%), vault hematoma (1.3%), and no vault prolapse seen in vaginal repair. The organisms isolated were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella. Conclusion: Laparoscopic vault closure has shown significantly improved results compared to vaginal route repair.

Liver Histopathology in Pediatric Patients with Choledochal Cyst.

Aim: The aim is to study the various histopathological changes in the liver in pediatric patients with choledochal cyst (CC) and correlate with the presentation and type of cyst. Methods: In a prospective observational study including all pediatric patients who underwent CC excision, histopathological changes of the liver in the form of cholestasis (CHS), portal inflammation (PI), bile duct proliferation (BDP), and fibrosis were studied and graded using a scoring system. They were analyzed in relation to age, sex, symptoms, and type of the cyst. Results: All 30 patients of CC showed various degrees of histopathological changes in the liver in the form of CHS, PI, BDP, and liver fibrosis. Patients <1 years had 9/13 (69.2%) cystic variety and those >1 years had 17/17 (100%) fusiform variety of CC (P < 0.001). Patients <1 years frequently presented with jaundice and hepatomegaly and those >1 years presented with pain abdomen (P < 0.002). Higher grades of liver fibrosis and BDP were seen in the cystic variety compared to the fusiform variety (P < 0.001). However, no significant association was found with CHS and PI (P > 1.23). Conclusions: Histopathological changes in the liver of varying grades are seen in all patients of CC. Patients of CC <1 year presented frequently with jaundice, had the cystic type, and had a higher degree of liver damage on histopathology.

Metal-organic frameworks for biomedical applications: A review.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emergent materials in diverse prospective biomedical uses, owing to their inherent features such as adjustable pore dimension and volume, well-defined active sites, high surface area, and hybrid structures. The multifunctionality and unique chemical and biological characteristics of MOFs allow them as ideal platforms for sensing numerous emergent biomolecules with real-time monitoring towards the point-of-care applications. This review objects to deliver key insights on the topical developments of MOFs for biomedical applications. The rational design, preparation of stable MOF architectures, chemical and biological properties, biocompatibility, enzyme-mimicking materials, fabrication of biosensor platforms, and the exploration in diagnostic and therapeutic systems are compiled. The state-of-the-art, major challenges, and the imminent perspectives to improve the progressions convoluted outside the proof-of-concept, especially for biosensor platforms, imaging, and photodynamic therapy in biomedical research are also described. The present review may excite the interdisciplinary studies at the juncture of MOFs and biomedicine.

Fortifying Micronutrient Supplementation in India: Indian Expert consensus.

Micronutrients play a key role in human health, being involved in energy metabolism, immunity, cellular functioning, growth, and development. Deficiencies in micronutrients occur in individuals of all ages due to several factors, including inadequate diets, disease states, and overweight/obesity. Guidelines from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) Expert Group on Nutrient Requirements for Indians (2023) have specified the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for macronutrients and micronutrients. In addition, a healthy diet is crucial for overall health and should be the first step toward addressing micronutrient deficiencies. When diet is inadequate, micronutrient supplements can be provided to compensate. An expert panel of Indian doctors was convened to develop a pathway toward micronutrient supplementation among the Indian population. This Consensus Statement recognizes that different populations have varying needs for specific micronutrients, and ensuring adequate intake of such micronutrients can improve health outcomes. The panel provided recommendations for dietary practices and micronutrient supplementation when diet is inadequate. Addressing micronutrient deficiencies at the primary care level can prevent chronic deficiencies and their consequences. This Consensus Statement can serve as a primer for physicians to monitor and address deficiencies and thus help individuals maintain their health.

Understanding Adolescent Gynecological Issues: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Center.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adolescence is a crucial phase in a woman's life, as it signifies the beginning of her reproductive journey. During this time, there are notable variations in sexual development and a sense of caution that can present challenges for healthcare providers. The rationale for studying adolescent gynecological problems lies in the need to understand and address the unique reproductive health challenges faced by young girls. By investigating these issues, researchers and healthcare professionals can develop effective strategies for prevention, early detection, and treatment of gynecological conditions in adolescents. This knowledge is crucial for promoting the overall well-being and reproductive health of young girls, ensuring they receive appropriate care and support during this critical stage of development. This study focuses on identifying the most common gynecological issues in teenagers, exploring the root causes, examining the available treatment options, and understanding how they are managed at a tertiary care facility.  Methods: This cross-sectional observational study took place at a tertiary care center and focused on gynecological issues in adolescent females who sought care at the gynecology department from January 2016 to December 2022. The study participants were categorized into three groups: early adolescence (10-13 years), middle adolescence (14-16 years), and late adolescence (17-19 years) for analysis. Ethical approval was obtained for this hospital-based research, which involved examining, investigating, and treating the study participants. RESULTS: Out of the 49,700 new female patients, 2000 (4.02%) fell within the specified age range. The average age of the participants was 16.87±2.16, and the majority of them sought help for menstrual issues (63.45%), followed by abdominal discomfort (15.6%) and vaginal discharge (7.2%). Menstrual disorders were the most common concern, with dysmenorrhea and puberty menorrhagia being prevalent issues. Abdominal pain was caused by various factors, such as urinary tract infections, ovarian tumors, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, and endometrial tuberculosis. The majority of cases were treated conservatively, with only a small percentage requiring surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: The significance of early detection and intervention in addressing gynecological issues among adolescents is highlighted in the findings of this research, underscoring the necessity for specialized healthcare services that cater to the specific needs of this demographic. Adolescent gynecology plays a crucial role in safeguarding the reproductive health and overall well-being of young women, emphasizing the importance of seeking assistance proactively.

Assessment of prevalence and need for screening of diabetic retinopathy using non-mydriatic fundus camera in rural and tribal diabetic populations in Maharashtra.

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of DR and the need for screening and management of DR with medical management of diabetes in rural and tribal population in Maharashtra. METHODS: The known diabetics of rural area and tribal area were screened at corresponding primary health centers, subcenters, and village level with the help of local healthcare workers using a portable non-mydriatic fundus camera. The prevalence of blindness among known diabetics in rural area was 1.29%, and 0.84% in tribal area. RESULTS: In the rural area, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was 5.67% ( n = 776), out of those 18.18% had sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR). The prevalence of DR was 7.73% ( n = 711) in tribal areas, out of those, 30.90% had STDR. CONCLUSIONS: The significant risk factors were identified to be the duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control. Implementation of targeted interventions for screening and management are required to reduce the risk of blindness among known diabetics in rural and tribal areas.

Mixed Solvency Concept to Replace Harmful Organic Solvent: Recent Trends and Future Challenges in Formulation Development.

Organic solvents are hazardous and should be replaced with less harmful alternatives. When developing a new formulation for a medicine with low aqueous solubility, improving its solubility might be a significant difficulty. According to the mixed solvency concept, a novel concept of solubilization, the solubility of poorly soluble drugs can be increased by dissolving them in a concentrated solution comprising various substances. Methods commonly used to improve solubility include complexation, pH modification, salt formation, hydrotropy, cosolvency, and micelle solubilization. By reducing the concentration of specific solubilizers, this method can be used to reduce the toxicity of solubilizers in various formulations of poorly soluble medicines. This review aims to provide scientists with a fresh concept for enhancing medication solubility. The benefits and drawbacks of currently available green solvents have been analyzed as potential replacements for traditional solvents. Some examples of these solvents are bio-based solvents like ethanol, methanol, and cyrene; d-limonene; deep eutectic solvents such as ionic liquids and natural deep eutectic solvents; supercritical fluids; subcritical water; surfactant-based solutions like hydrotopes and supramolecular solvents; and deep eutectic solvents like cyrene.

Traditional Herbal Medications Utilized in the Indian Medical System forthe Management of Diabetes: An Updated Review and Clinical Implications.

Phytomedicine, also called botanical medicine, is the practice of using plants to treat disease. Diabetes, for example, has been treated and prevented with herbal medication for a lot longer than Western medicine. Worldwide, diabetes has become a major health concern. The management of diabetes and hyperglycemia, two of the most common public health threats, is far from ideal. When hyperglycemia persists or is not under control, diabetes-related complications, like blindness, lower limb amputations, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease, play a significant role in the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Although chemicals and biochemical agents can assist in managing diabetes, there is currently no complete cure for the disease. Herbal remedies are one of many methods that can be used to treat and prevent diabetes and its subsequent problems. Numerous traditional treatments have been discovered for diabetes as a result of extensive research efforts. However, there are many factors to consider when deciding which herbs to use, such as the patient's financial status, the presence or absence of co-morbidities, and the accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile of the herbs. This article focuses on the use of herbal and natural remedies in the treatment and prevention of diabetes, the mechanisms by which these remedies lower blood glucose levels, and the specific herbal items now utilized in the management of diabetes.

NMR based Serum metabolomics revealed metabolic signatures associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in brain stroke.

Brain stroke (BS, also known as a cerebrovascular accident), represents a serious global health crisis. It has been a leading cause of permanent disability and unfortunately, frequent fatalities due to lack of timely medical intervention. While progress has been made in prevention and management, the complexities and consequences of stroke continue to pose significant challenges, especially, its impact on patient's quality of life and independence. During stroke, there is a substantial decrease in oxygen supply to the brain leading to alteration of cellular metabolic pathways, including those involved in mitochondrial-damage, leading to mitochondrial-dysfunction. The present proof-of-the-concept metabolomics study has been performed to gain insights into the metabolic pathways altered following a brain stroke and discover new potential targets for timely interventions to mitigate the effects of cellular and mitochondrial damage in BS. The serum metabolic profiles of 108 BS-patients were measured using 800 MHz NMR spectroscopy and compared with 60 age and sex matched normal control (NC) subjects. Compared to NC, the serum levels of glutamate, TCA-cycle intermediates (such as citrate, succinate, etc.), and membrane metabolites (betaine, choline, etc.) were found to be decreased BS patients, whereas those of methionine, mannose, mannitol, phenylalanine, urea, creatine and organic acids (such as 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetone) were found to be elevated in BS patients. These metabolic changes hinted towards hypoxia mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in BS-patients. Further, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) values for five metabolic features (methionine, mannitol, phenylalanine, mannose and urea) found to be more than 0.9 suggesting their high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating BS from NC subjects.

Cubosomes: An Emerging and Promising Drug Delivery System for Enhancing Cancer Therapy.

Cancer and other diseases can be treated with cubosomes, which are lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs). These cubosomes can potentially be a highly versatile carrier with theranostic efficacy, as they can be ingested, applied topically, or injected intravenously. Recent years have seen substantial progress in the synthesis, characterization, regulation of drug release patterns, and target selectivity of loaded anticancer bioactive compounds. However, its use in clinical settings has been slow and necessitates additional proof. Recent progress and roadblocks in using cubosomes as a nanotechnological intervention against various cancers are highlighted. In the last few decades, advances in biomedical nanotechnology have allowed for the development of "smart" drug delivery devices that can adapt to external stimuli. By improving therapeutic targeting efficacy and lowering the negative effects of payloads, these well-defined nanoplatforms can potentially promote patient compliance in response to specific stimuli. Liposomes and niosomes, two other well-known vesicular systems, share a lipid basis with cubosomes. Possible applications include a novel medication delivery system for hydrophilic, lipophilic, and amphiphilic drugs. We evaluate the literature on cubosomes, emphasizing their potential use in tumor-targeted drug delivery applications and critiquing existing explanations for cubosome self-assembly, composition, and production. As cubosome dispersion has bioadhesive and compatible features, numerous drug delivery applications, including oral, ocular, and transdermal, are also discussed in this review.

Effectiveness of Eupatorium perfoliatum 30C in Prevention of Dengue Fever and Acute Febrile Illness during 2017 Dengue Outbreak in Urban Slums of Delhi: A Prospective, Open-Label, Community-Based, Parallel Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of Eupatorium perfoliatum (EP) 30C on the incidence of dengue fever and acute febrile illness (AFI) during the 2017 dengue outbreak. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, open-label, community-based parallel cohort study involving apparently healthy individuals residing in 06 urban slums (JJ colony) of Delhi. The participants were enrolled in two cohorts - the medicine cohort (MC) and the control cohort (CC). Participants in MC were given weekly one dose of EP 30C for 10 weeks along with Information, Education and Communication (IEC) material regarding dengue. Participants in the CC were provided with the IEC material only. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of dengue fever as per case definitions notified in the national guidelines for clinical management of dengue fever by the Government of India during the 10 weeks follow-up period. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence of AFI and the hospitalization of confirmed dengue cases. RESULTS: The analysis included 40,769 participants residing in 06 slum clusters of Delhi out of which 28,321 participants were in MC and 12,448 participants were in CC. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed dengue in the MC was 2.57 per 10,000 person-weeks (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.02-3.22) in comparison with 7.55 per 10,000 person-weeks (95% CI, 6.12-9.21) in the CC. The incidence of AFI in the MC was 19.66 per 10,000 person-weeks (95% CI, 18.07-21.36) in comparison with 40.96 per 10,000 person-weeks (95% CI, 37.48-44.67) in the CC. The overall protective effect of EP against laboratory-confirmed dengue was 65.77% (95% CI, 53.37-74.87; p = 0.0001) and against AFI was 52.58% (95% CI, 46.37-58.07; p = 0.0001). Hospitalization reported in the MC was nil as against 4.35% in the CC. No dengue-related case fatalities were reported from either cohort. None of the participants from the MC reported any adverse events owing to the prophylactic intervention. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that EP 30C was able to prevent dengue significantly. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm or refute our findings.Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Beurteilung der Wirksamkeit von Eupatorium perfoliatum (EP) 30C auf die Inzidenz von Dengue-Fieber und akuter fiebriger Erkrankung (AFE) während des Dengue-Ausbruchs 2017.Wir führten eine prospektive, unverblindete, Bevölkerungs-Parallelgruppen-Kohortenstudie mit augenscheinlich gesunden Bewohnern von 6 städtischen Slums (JJ-Kolonie) in Delhi durch. Die Teilnehmer wurden in 2 Kohorten aufgenommen, einer Medizinkohorte (MK) und einer Kontrollkohorte (KK). Die Teilnehmer in der MK erhielten 10 Wochen lang wöchentlich eine Dosis EP 30C und dazu Aufklärungsmaterialien über Dengue. Die Teilnehmer in der KK erhielten nur die Aufklärungsmaterialien. Die primäre Zielgröße war die Dengue-Fieber-Inzidenz laut der in den nationalen Leitlinien für das klinische Management des Dengue-Fiebers von der indischen Regierung bekannt gegebenen Falldefinition in dem zehnwöchigen Beobachtungszeitraum. Die sekundären Zielgrößen waren die Inzidenz von AFE und die Anzahl hospitalisierter bestätigter Dengue-Fälle.In die Analyse wurden 40,769 Bewohner von 6 Slum-Clustern in Delhi einbezogen, davon wurden 28,321 Teilnehmer in die MK aufgenommen und 12,448 Teilnehmer in die KK. Die Inzidenz von im Labor bestätigter Dengue betrug in der MK 2,57 pro 10,000 Personen/Woche (95%-Konfidenzintervall [KI]: 2,02­3,22), verglichen mit 7,55 pro 10,000 Personen/Woche (95%-KI: 6,12­9,21) in der KK. Die Inzidenz von AFI betrug in der MK 19,66 pro 10,000 Personen/Woche (95%-Konfidenzintervall [KI]: 18,07­21,36), verglichen mit 40,96 pro 10,000 Personen/Woche (95%-KI: 37,48­44,67) in der KK. Der Schutzeffekt (SE) von EP betrug gegen im Labor bestätigte Dengue 65,77% (95%-KI: 53,37­74,87; p = 0,0001) und gegen AFI 52,58% (95%-KI: 46,37­58,07; p = 0,0001). Die Hospitalisierungsrate war in der MK gleich Null versus 4,35% in der KK. In keiner Kohorte waren Dengue-bedingte Todesfälle zu verzeichnen. Bei keinem der Teilnehmer in der MK traten jegliche unerwünschten Ereignisse infolge der prophylaktischen Maßnahme auf.Die Studie gelangt zu dem Schluss, dass Eupatorium perfoliatum 30C in signifikantem Maße Dengue vorbeugen konnte. Randomisierte kontrollierte Studien sind erforderlich, um unsere Ergebnisse zu bestätigen bzw. zu widerlegen.

Automation of Drug Discovery through Cutting-edge In-silico Research in Pharmaceuticals: Challenges and Future Scope.

The rapidity and high-throughput nature of in silico technologies make them advantageous for predicting the properties of a large array of substances. In silico approaches can be used for compounds intended for synthesis at the beginning of drug development when there is either no or very little compound available. In silico approaches can be used for impurities or degradation products. Quantifying drugs and related substances (RS) with pharmaceutical drug analysis (PDA) can also improve drug discovery (DD) by providing additional avenues to pursue. Potential future applications of PDA include combining it with other methods to make insilico predictions about drugs and RS. One possible outcome of this is a determination of the drug potential of nontoxic RS. ADME estimation, QSAR research, molecular docking, bioactivity prediction, and toxicity testing all involve impurity profiling. Before committing to DD, RS with minimal toxicity can be utilised in silico. The efficacy of molecular docking in getting a medication to market is still debated despite its refinement and improvement. Biomedical labs and pharmaceutical companies were hesitant to adopt molecular docking algorithms for drug screening despite their decades of development and improvement. Despite the widespread use of "force fields" to represent the energy exerted within and between molecules, it has been impossible to reliably predict or compute the binding affinities between proteins and potential binding medications.

Surgical Morbidity of Laparoscopic Hysterectomy versus Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Retrospective Overview.

Objectives: Laparoscopic skills are not an innate behavior, nor can they be easily mimicked, and can only be acquired through hands-on training. The need for reliable training and its assessment is becoming increasingly important with the course of time. Materials and Methods: A retrospective comparative study was done in a tertiary care center where all patients undergoing hysterectomy by laparoscopic and abdominal route were included in the study. Objectives: Our study aims to compare the operative and postoperative complications of laparoscopic hysterectomy with abdominal hysterectomy. The study was conducted from June 2016 to October 2022. Results: The mean operative time for uteri size lesser than 12 weeks was found significant in the total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) group (75 ± 25 min) to total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) (117 ± 28 min, P < 0.001). The mean blood loss in the TLH group was significant (110 ± 30 ml vs. 160 ± 116 ml, P < 0.002). The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter in TLH (4 ± 2.4 days vs. 7 ± 2.41 days, P < 0.002). The operative and postoperative complications observed were 3.1% in the TLH group and 11.7% in the TAH group. Conclusion: TLH when performed efficiently has proved to be a preferable route over other conventional hysterectomies.

Helicopter parenting through the lens of reddit: A text mining study.

The study aimed to understand Reddit users' experience with helicopter parenting through first-hand accounts. Text mining and natural language processing techniques were employed to extract data from the subreddit r/helicopterparents. A total of 713 original posts were processed from unstructured texts to tidy formats. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a popular topic modeling method, was used to discover hidden themes within the corpus. The data revealed common environmental contexts of helicopter parenting (i.e., school, college, work, and home) and its implication on college decisions, privacy, and social relationships. These collectively suggested the importance of autonomy-supportive parenting and mindfulness interventions as viable solutions to the problems posed by helicopter parenting. In addition, findings lent support to past research that has identified more maternal than paternal models of helicopter parenting. Further research on the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on helicopter parenting is warranted.