Borohydride Ionic Liquids as Reductants of CO2 in the Selective N-formylation of Amines.

Borohydride imidazolium ionic liquids, [IL]BH4, used for the first time as reductants in the N-formylation of various amines with CO2, provided an excellent yield of formamides. Under the same conditions, 5 bar CO2 and 80 °C, NaBH4 produced a mixture of N-formylated and N-methylated products in a ratio of 1 : 2. An alternative approach, based on the addition of halide imidazolium salts ([IL]Cl or [IL]Br) to the reactions of amine with NaBH4 and CO2, resulted in a significant increase of selectivity to formamide. However, no effect was noted for [IL]BF4 and [IL]PF6. Monitoring the reaction course in time using 1H NMR brought about new insight into the role of BH3 in the reduction of CO2 and the functionalization of amines. The formation of N-methylaniline - borane intermediate was evidenced.

cis-Dichlorido[2,3-dimethyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetra-methyl-1,3,2λ(5)-dioxaphospho-lan-2-yl-oxy)butan-2-olato-κ(2)O,P]oxido(triphenyl-phosphane-κP)rhenium(V).

The title compound, cis-[Re(C(12)H(24)O(4)P)Cl(2)O(C(18)H(15)P)], was prepared from the analogous trans isomer [Glowiak et al. (2000 ▶). Polyhedron, 19, 2667-2672] by a trans-cis isomerization reaction. The Re(V) atom adopts a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry. Besides being coordinated by the oxide and the butano-late O atoms, the Re(V) atom is coordinated by a pair of chloride ligands and two P atoms in cis positions with respect to each other. In the crystal, adjacent mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯Cl inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional network.

trans-Dichloridobis(3,5-dimethyl-pyridine-κN)(ethano-lato-κO)oxido-rhenium(V).

The title compound, [Re(C(2)H(5)O)Cl(2)O(C(7)H(9)N)(2)], was crystallized from ethanol. The crystal structure of this complex contains a Re(V) atom in a slightly distorted octahedral coordination geometry with pairs of equivalent ligands in trans positions. Adjacent complex mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is additionally stabilized by π-π stacking inter-actions between the aromatic rings with centroid-centroid distances of 3.546 (4) Å.

4,4,5,5-Tetra-methyl-1,3,2λ-dioxa-phospho-lan-2-one.

The five-membered ring in the title compound, C(6)H(13)O(3)P, exists in an envelope conformation with one of the ring C atoms at the flap position. The coordination geometry around the P atom is a distorted tetra-hedron. The crystal structure is stabilized by several weak C-H⋯O and P-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

Successful treatment of a child with fulminant liver failure and coma caused by Amanita phalloides intoxication with albumin dialysis without liver transplantation.

FLF is a life-threatening disease. Hepatic coma exerts dramatic impact on patient survival. At present, LTx is the treatment modality of choice that provides significant improvement in outcome of most patients with FLF. Multiple attempts have been made to reduce mortality and improve the patient's condition. One of the new options is AD - MARS. We present the case of a 11-yr-old boy with FLF and hepatic coma who avoided the scheduled LTx because of rapid neurological and biochemical improvement immediately after three MARS sessions.