New view on the compatibility of hemoglobin function in the erythrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To study the process of hemoglobin oxidation and the enzymatic reactions associated with it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: Heparinized human blood (15 IU/ml) was obtained from the clinical department. The concentration of oxy- and methemoglobin, auto-oxidation of hemoglobin was determined spectrophotometrically spectrophotometrically. Autooxidation of hemoglobin was recorded spectrophotometrically, and protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method. Monooxygenase activity of hemoglobin was also measured by the method described by Lowry spectrophotometrically. The concentration of O2 and H2O2 in the reaction media was determined on a biomicroanalyzer OR 210/3 (Redelkis). RESULTS: Results: The obtained experimental data allow us to propose a mechanism of "spontaneous autooxidation" of oxyhemoglobin, which can be described by the following equations: Hb2+O2 → Hb3+ + O2 - (1) Hb2+O2 + 2e - + 2H+ →Hb3+ + H2O2 (2) Hb2+O2 + 2e - + 2H+ →Hb2+ + H2O2 (3) Hb2+ + O2 →Hb2+O2 (4) Spectral characteristics of the process of "spontaneous auto-oxidation" indicate the formation of a metform of hemoglobin, the depletion of oxygen by the system was established, at pH 5.6, an increase in the monooxygenase activity of hemoglobin is observed 3-4 times compared to the physiological level. CONCLUSION: Сonclusions: In addition to the main, previously known functions of hemoglobin (gas transport, peroxidase, monooxygenase), it catalyzes a two-electron oxidase reaction in which O2 is reduced to H2O2. This is confirmed by experimental data on the formation of one of the products of "spontaneous autoxidation" of oxyhemoglobin _ deoxyform at pH 5.6 _ 8.9.

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS WHO DIED OF SARS-COV-2 IN THE SPECIALIZED INFECTIOUS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF SUMY DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF THE EPIDEMIC.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to analyze demographic indicators, clinical symptoms, concomitant pathology, and the course of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in patients with a fatal outcome of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: To achieve the goal, a statistical method, an analytical method, and a method of retrospective analysis of the medical histories of patients with fatal cases who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of ARVI caused by SARS-CoV-2 were used. RESULTS: Results: Mortality among patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of ARVI caused by SARS-CoV-2 was 8.18 ± 2.17%. Among them, 62% were male and 38% were female. Cardiovascular pathology took first place in the structure of concomitant pathology of all age groups and accounted for 76%. Oncological diseases accounted for 62%, gastrointestinal diseases - 54%, endocrine diseases - 38%, and respiratory system diseases 23% of the total number of patients with fatal cases. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Mortality from coronavirus infection in the period March - July 2020 among the male population was 62%, of which 13% - from the age group 18-45 years, 38% - from the age group 46-64 years, and 50% - patients 65 years old and older. Among the female population, the mortality rate was 38%, of which 20% were women in the age group 46-64% and 80% were 65 years and older. The presence of no-hospital polysegmental pneumonia as a complication of ARVI caused by SARS-CoV-2 was 62% among all age groups of the studied patients with fatal cases.