Concurrent validity of the assessment tool for a health promotion program in Primary Health Care via telephone: a multilevel analysis / Validade concorrente do instrumento de avaliação de um programa de promoção de saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde por telefone: uma análise multinível

This study aims to verify the concurrent validity of the paper, and the telephone versions of the instrument used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Vida Ativa Melhorando a Saúde (VAMOS) Pro-gram participants. The VAMOS Program is a community-based intervention aiming at motivating people to adopt an active and healthy lifestyle. The study population was adults registered at the Basic Health Units in the state of Santa Catarina, and the sample for the validity test was two groups that concluded the program. To compare each variable provided by paper and telephone format, multi-level generalized linear and logistic models were carried out, adjusted by age, sex, and educational level. As a result, it was possible to identify the validity of most of the questions, with variations in the frequency of cooked vegetable consumption, method of preparing animal meat, frequency of physical activity, and waist circumference. We concluded that the use of the telephone survey could be considered for VAMOS Program effectiveness evaluation

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a validade concorrente das versões papel e ligação telefônica do ins-trumento utilizado para avaliar a efetividade do Programa Vida Ativa Melhorando a Saúde ( VAMOS). O Programa VAMOS é uma intervenção de base comunitária, com o objetivo de motivar as pessoas a adotarem um estilo de vida ativo e saudável. A população do estudo foi de adultos registrados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do estado de Santa Catarina, e a amostra para o teste de validade considerou dois grupos que concluí-ram o programa. Para comparar cada variável fornecida pelo formato papel e telefone, foram realizados mo-delos lineares e logísticos generalizados multiníveis, ajustados por idade, sexo e nível de escolaridade. Como resultado, foi possível identificar a validade da maioria das questões, com variações na frequência de consumo de hortaliças cozidas, modo de preparo da carne animal, frequência de atividade física e circunferência da cintura. Concluímos que o uso da coleta por telefone pode ser considerado para a avaliação da efetividade do Programa VAMOS.

Simultaneous monitoring of amoxicillin and paracetamol in synthetic biological fluids using a 3D printed disposable electrode with a lab-made conductive filament.

In this work, we are pleased to present for the first time a 3D-printed electrochemical device using a lab-made conductive filament based on graphite (Gr) and polylactic acid (PLA) polymer matrix for the simultaneous detection of amoxicillin (AMX) and paracetamol (PAR). The sensor was properly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the superior performance of the 3D-Gr/PLA electrode was verified with a 3.8-fold more favored charge transfer. A differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was proposed providing a linear working range of 4 to 12 µmol L-1 for both analytes and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.80 and 0.51 µmol L-1 for AMX and PAR, respectively. Additionally, repeatability studies (n = 5, RSD < 5.7%) indicated excellent precision, and recovery percentages ranging from 89 to 109% when applied to synthetic human urine, saliva, and plasma samples, attested to the accuracy of the method. The studies also indicate that the sensor does not suffer significant interference from common substances (antibiotics and biomarkers) present in the biological fluids, which makes it a promising analytical tool considering its low-cost, ease of manufacturing, robustness, and electrochemical performance.

Electrochemical monitoring of levofloxacin using a silver nanoparticle-modified disposable device based on a lab-made conductive ink.

The emergence of bacteria genetically resistant to first- and second-generation fluoroquinolones has resulted in increased consumption of levofloxacin (LEV) in human and veterinary medicine. In this regard, the development of low cost and good sensitivity electrochemical devices has been highly required. Thus, in this work, we propose the development of a disposable electrochemical device (DED) using a lab-made conductive ink based on graphite powder and nail polish immobilized on a rigid polyvinyl chloride support (transparent sheet). Additionally, a simple and quick protocol for the electrodeposition of silver nanoparticles was used in order to improve the electroanalytical performance of the sensor (2.75-fold). A differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was optimized and the sensor was applied for LEV monitoring in pharmaceutical formulation samples, synthetic urine and simulated body fluid. The method showed a wide linear working range ranging from 0.5 to 50 µmol L-1 and a detection limit of 68.3 nmol L-1. Furthermore, the precision was adequate (RSD < 4.7%), while the accuracy was evaluated through spiked samples with percent recovery ranging from 93 to 103%. The sensor was also shown to be selective for LEV against other electroactive antibiotic species, thus demonstrating suitable characteristics for electroanalytical applications.

Development of a 3D disposable device for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac in different matrices.

In this work, the development of a disposable electrochemical device (US$ 0.02 per electrode) using a 3D printed support (3Ds) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) insulating filament with a composite material (CM) based on graphite and nail polish, immobilized on the support surface, was described for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac (DCF). The device was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance with approximately 1.8-fold higher current density. Additionally, an amperometric method for DCF determination in tap water, synthetic urine, and pharmaceutical formulation samples with the proposed electrode, using a flow injection analysis (FIA-AD) system, was developed. The optimized method presented excellent detectability (LOD = 0.47 µmol L-1), with excellent precision and accuracy (relative standard deviation < 5.6%) and percent recovery from spiked samples ranging from 89 to 106%. In addition, the sensor showed optimal analytical frequency with approximately 108 injections per hour, which demonstrates the potential of this system using the proposed disposable electrode for implementation in routine analysis and quality control with good selectivity and sensitivity.

Silver and copper-benznidazole derivatives as potential antiparasitic metallodrugs: Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation.

Currently the only drug available to treat Chagas disease in Brazil is benznidazole (BZN). Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover and develop new anti- Trypanosoma cruzi candidates. In our continuous effort to enhance clinical antiparasitic drugs using synergistic strategy, BZN was coordinated to silver and copper ions to enhance its effectiveness to treat that illness. In this work, the syntheses of four novel metal-BZN complexes, [Ag(BZN)2]NO3·H2O (1), [CuCl2(BZN)(H2O)]·1/2CH3CN (2), [Ag(PPh3)2(BZN)2]NO3·H2O (3), and [Cu(PPh3)2(BNZ)2]NO3·2H2O (4), and their characterization using multiple analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H, 13C, 31P), UV-Visible (UV-Vis), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), conductivity and elemental analysis are described. IC50 (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration) values of Ag-BZN compounds are about five to ten times lower than benznidazole itself in both proliferation stages of the parasite (epimastigotes and amastigotes). The cytotoxicity of both compounds in human cells (fibroblasts and hepatocytes) are comparable to BZN, indicating that Ag-BZN complexes can be more selective than BZN.

A pencil graphite-based disposable device for electrochemical monitoring of sulfanilamide in honey and water samples.

The present paper reports a simple, fast, and inexpensive process of manufacturing a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) from widely available materials, which showed a reproducibility of at least 7.5%. The electrode was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance for sulfanilamide (SFA) with approximately 3.9-fold higher current density. Additionally, a displacement of the oxidation peak from approximately 80 mV to more cathodic regions was observed. Therefore, a method based on square wave voltammetry (SWV) was developed for the determination of the antimicrobial SFA in honey and tap water samples using the proposed sensor. The optimized method presented good detectability (LOD = 2.37 µmol L-1), with excellent precision and accuracy (relative standard deviation < 4.2%) and percent recovery from spiked samples ranging from 92 to 97%. In addition, the sensor did not suffer significant interference from sample matrix components and other commonly evaluated antimicrobials, which demonstrates the potential of these electrodes for implementation in routine analysis and quality control.

3D-printed electrode an affordable sensor for sulfanilamide monitoring in breast milk, synthetic urine, and pharmaceutical formulation samples.

This paper describes a simple and cost-effective method for manufacturing a 3D-printed electrode. This electrode presented a similar design to commercial electrodes, where a stereolithography printer was used to build the electrode body using an acrylic resin. The electroactive surface was filled by a 3D-pen using a carbon black integrated polylactic acid (CB/PLA) conductive filament. After a simple and fast (400 s) surface treatment, the 3D-printed CB/PLA electrode was combined with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) technique for sulfanilamide (SAA) determination. The developed electroanalytical method was applied to breast milk, synthetic urine, and otologic solution samples, showing excellent analytical performance with a detection limit of 12 nmol L-1, wide linear range from 1 to 39.2 µmol L-1, and good precision (RSD = 1.8%, n = 10). In addition, the sensor provides fantastic selectivity towards other antibiotic classes, and when applied in spiked samples, recovery values between 93 and 108% were obtained, which demonstrated good accuracy as well as the absence of matrix effect. It is highlighted that no laborious sample preparation steps were required (simple dilution in supporting electrolyte). Thus, the proposed 3D-printed device proves to be a promising analytical tool for routine analysis.

Body composition among university female athletes of team sports / Composición corporal entre atletas universitarias de deportes colectivos / Composição corporal entre atletas universitárias de esportes coletivos

ABSTRACT Introduction: The assessment of body composition in female athletes of different sports is important for health monitoring. Objective: To compare body composition in university athletes of different team sports (indoor soccer, flag football and volleyball). Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out with 45 female athletes, aged 18 to 35 years (22.8 ± 3.55). The dependent variables were body fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) measured by air displacement plethysmography. Bone mineral content, adjusted for height (BMC/height) and bone mineral density (BMD), were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The independent variable was sport [flag football (n = 12); indoor soccer (n = 20); volleyball (n = 13)] and the covariates were age (complete years), training volume (minutes per week) and length of time playing the sport (complete years). Analysis of covariance was used. Results: Adjusting the model for covariates, volleyball athletes (19.27 kg ± 2.20) presented higher FM values compared to the flag football (16.00 kg ± 1.70) and indoor soccer players (12.20 kg ± 1.30). There was no significant difference in FFM, BMC/height and total BMD between sports, even after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion: Volleyball athletes presented higher FM compared to flag football and indoor soccer athletes. There were no differences in FFM, BMC/height and BMD among the players of the different team sports. This study can help coaches and other sports professionals to prevent injuries to athletes in sports such as higher FM (volleyball), or to prevent diseases such as menstrual irregularities, which are common in athletes who may have low levels of body fat (indoor soccer players), this being one of the risk factors for the female athlete triad (eating disorders, menstrual irregularities and low BMD). Level of evidence III; Retrospective comparative study .

RESUMEN Introducción: La evaluación de la composición corporal en atletas del sexo femenino de diferentes modalidades deportivas es importante para la monitorización de la salud. Objetivos: Comparar la composición corporal de atletas universitarias, de diferentes modalidades colectivas (fútbol de salón, flag football y vóleibol). Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 45 atletas del sexo femenino, con edades entre 18 y 35 años (22,8 ± 3,55). Las variables dependientes fueron la masa grasa (MG) y masa magra (MM) medida por pletismografía por desplazamiento de aire. El contenido mineral óseo ajustado para estatura (CMO/estatura) y densidad mineral ósea (DMO) fueron medidos por absorciometría por doble emisión de rayos X. Las variables independientes fueron los deportes [flag football (n = 12); fútbol de salón (n = 20); vóleibol (n = 13)] y las covariables fueron edad (años completos), volumen de entrenamiento (minutos por semana) y tiempo de práctica (años completos). Fue utilizado el análisis de covariancia. Resultados: Al ajustar el modelo por las covariables, las atletas de vóleibol (19,27 kg ± 2,20) presentaron valores mayores de MG con relación a las de flag football (16,00 kg ± 1,70) y de fútbol de salón (12,20 kg ± 1,30). No hubo diferencia significativa en la MM, CMO/estatura y DMO total entre los deportes, incluso después del ajuste para las covariables. Conclusiones: Las atletas de vóleibol presentaron mayor MG en comparación con los atletas de flag football y fútbol de salón. No hubo diferencias en MM, CMO/estatura y DMO entre las jugadoras de diferentes modalidades colectivas. Este estudio puede ayudar a entrenadores y otros profesionales del deporte a prevenir lesiones en atletas con mayor MG (vóleibol) o prevenir enfermedades como irregularidades menstruales, comunes en atletas con bajos niveles de grasa corporal (fútbol de salón), que es uno de los factores de riesgo para el síndrome de la tríada de la atleta femenina (disturbios alimentarios, irregularidades menstruales y baja DMO). Nivel de evidencia III; Estudio retrospectivo comparativo .

RESUMO Introdução: A avaliação da composição corporal em atletas do sexo feminino de diferentes modalidades esportivas é importante para o monitoramento da saúde. Objetivos: Comparar a composição corporal de atletas universitárias, de diferentes modalidades coletivas (futebol de salão, flag football e voleibol). Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 45 atletas do sexo feminino, com idades entre 18 e 35 anos (22,8 ± 3,55). As variáveis dependentes foram a massa gorda corporal (MG) e a massa magra (MM) medida por pletismografia por deslocamento de ar. O conteúdo mineral ósseo ajustado para estatura (CMO/estatura) e densidade mineral óssea (DMO) foram medidos por absorciometria por dupla emissão de raios X. As variáveis independentes foram os esportes [flag football (n = 12); futebol de salão (n = 20); voleibol (n = 13)] e as covariáveis foram idade (anos completos), volume de treinamento (minutos por semana) e tempo de prática (anos completos). A análise de covariância foi utilizada. Resultados: Ao ajustar o modelo pelas covariáveis, as atletas de voleibol (19,27 kg ± 2,20) apresentaram valores maiores de MG com relação às de flag football (16,00 kg ± 1,70) e de futebol de salão (12,20 kg ± 1,30). Não houve diferença significativa na MM, CMO/estatura e DMO total entre os esportes, mesmo depois do ajuste para as covariáveis. Conclusões: As atletas de voleibol apresentaram maior MG em comparação com as atletas de flag football e futebol de salão. Não houve diferenças em MM, CMO/estatura e DMO entre os jogadoras de diferentes modalidades coletivas. Este estudo pode ajudar treinadores e outros profissionais do esporte a prevenir lesões em atletas com maior MG (voleibol) ou prevenir doenças como irregularidades menstruais, comuns em atletas com baixos níveis de gordura corporal (futebol de salão), que é um dos fatores de risco para a síndrome da tríade da atleta feminina (distúrbios alimentares, irregularidades menstruais e baixa DMO). Nível de evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo comparativo .

Antifungal promising agents of zinc(II) and copper(II) derivatives based on azole drug.

A series of new metal complexes, [Zn(KTZ)2(Ac)2]·H2O (1), [Zn(KTZ)2Cl2]·0.4CH3OH (2), [Zn(KTZ)2(H2O)(NO3)](NO3) (3), [Cu(KTZ)2(Ac)2]·H2O (4), [Cu(KTZ)2Cl2]·3.2H2O (5), [Cu(KTZ)2(H2O)(NO3)](NO3)·H2O (6), were synthesized by a reaction of ketoconazole (KTZ) with their respective zinc or copper salts under mild conditions. Similarly, six corresponding metal-CTZ (clotrimazole) complexes [Zn(CTZ)2(Ac)2]·4H2O (7), [Zn(CTZ)2Cl2] (8), [Zn(CTZ)2(H2O)(NO3)](NO3)·4H2O (9), [Cu(CTZ)2(Ac)2]·H2O (10), [Cu(CTZ)2Cl2]·2H2O (11), [Cu(CTZ)2(H2O)(NO3)](NO3)·2H2O (12), were obtained. These metal complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, 1H and 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance, UV/Vis, and infrared spectroscopies. Further, the crystal structure for complexes 7 and 10 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The antifungal activity of these metal complexes was evaluated against three fungal species of medical relevance: Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Sporothrix brasiliensis. Complexes 1 and 3 exhibited the greatest antifungal activity with a broad spectrum of action at low concentrations and high selectivity. Some morphological changes induced by these metal complexes in S. brasiliensis cells included yeast-hyphae conversion, an increase in cell size and cell wall damage. The strategy of coordination of clinic drugs (KTZ and CTZ) to zinc and copper was successful, since the corresponding metal complexes were more effective than the parent drug. Particularly, the promising antifungal activities displayed by Zn-KTZ complexes make them potential candidates for the development of an alternative drug to treat mycoses.

Enfermagem e identidade profissional: os uniformes de enfermeiras da cruz vermelha brasileira (1918-1942) / Nursing and professional identity: nurses uniforms of the brasilian red cross (1918-1942) / Enfermería y la identidad profesional: los uniformes de las enfermeras de la cruz brasileña (1918-1942)

Trata-se de um estudo de histórico da enfermagem que objetiva analisar uniformes utilizados por enfermeiras da Cruz Vermelha Brasileira (CVB). 0 objetivo deste trabalho e realizar uma comparação das representações atribuídas no passado pelo uniforme em relação ao seu usa atual e, desse modo, contribuir para o conjunto de ações em torno da administração dos serviços de enfermagem, tendo em vista que o vestuário é caracterizado como um tipo de comunicação. 0 presente estudo se utilizou da metodologia de pesquisa documental, e as fontes primárias consultadas foram constituídas pelo Programa de Cursos Profissionais e Plano de Uniformes da Escola de Enfermeiras da CVB, publicados em 1918 e 1942, respectivamente. Ambos possibilitaram recuperar o passado e analisar o sentido atribuído ao uniforme da enfermeira. A análise concluiu que a enfermagem atribuía valor a indumentária utilizada, dentro e fora dos espaços de trabalho, impondo significados distintos. 0 estudo sugere que a enfermagem atual utiliza o uniforme de forma indiscriminada, desconsiderando a importância que exerce no fortalecimento da identidade profissional e no desenvolvimento humano da arte e ciência do cuidado.

This paper is about nursing history and aims to analyze uniforms used by Red Cross nurses in Brazil. A comparison between the representations assigned to the uniforms in the past and its current use was carried out in order to contribute to the administration of nursing services. This study used the documentary research method. The consulted primary sources were the Professional Course Program and Nursing School Uniform Plan of CVB, published in 1918 and 1942 respectively. With both documents, It was possible to recall the past and analyze the meaning attributed to the uniform. The analysis concluded that the nurses attributed some value to the outfitused, inside and outside work places. The study suggests that nowadays nurses use the uniform indiscriminately, without taking into consideration the importance of it in strengthening the professional identity and human development of the science and art of care.

Se trata de un estudio de l-listoria de la Enfermería que objetiva analizar uniformes utiJizados por las enfermeras de la Cruz Roja Brasileña. Se pretende realizar una comparación de las representaciones atribuidas en el pasadopar lo uniforme en relación a su uso actual, y así, contribuir para el conjunto de acciones en el entorno dela administración de la asistencia de enfermería, pues caracterizado como un tipo de comunicación. EI presente estudio se utilizó de la metodologia de Ie investigación documental e las fuentes primarias consultadas fueran constituidas por el Programa de Cursos Profesionales y Plano de Uniformes de la Escuela de Entermería dela CVB, publicados en 1918 e 1942, respectivamente. Ambos posibilitaran recuperar el pasado y analizar elsentido atribuído a los uniformes de los enfermeras. La analice concluyó que la enfermería atribuyó valores a la indumentaria utilizada, dentro y fuera de los espacios del trabajo, imprimiendo significados distintos. 0 estudio sugiere que la enfermeria actual utiliza el uniforme de forma indiscriminada, desconsiderando la importancia que ejerce en el fortalecimiento de la identidad profesional y desarrollo humano de la arte y ciencia de los cuidados.