Cardiac autonomic and haemodynamic recovery after a single session of aerobic exercise with and without blood flow restriction in older adults.

This study investigated the autonomic and haemodynamic responses to different aerobic exercise loads, with and without blood flow restriction (BFR). In a crossover study, 21 older adults (8 males and 13 females) completed different aerobic exercise sessions: low load without BFR (LL) (40% VO2max), low load with BFR (LL-BFR) (40% VO2max + 50% BFR) and high load without BFR (HL) (70% VO2max). Heart rate variability and haemodynamic responses were recorded during rest and throughout 30 min of recovery. HL reduced R-R interval, the root mean square of successive difference of R-R intervals and high frequency during 30 min of recovery at a greater magnitude compared with LL and LL-BFR. Sympathetic-vagal balance increased the values for HL during 30 min of recovery at a greater magnitude when compared with LL and LL-BFR. Post-exercise haemodynamic showed reduced values of double product at 30 min of recovery compared to rest in LL-BFR, while HL showed higher values compared to rest, LL-BFR and LL. Reduced systolic blood pressure was observed for LL-BFR (30 min) compared to rest. Autonomic and haemodynamic responses indicate lower cardiovascular stress after LL-BFR compared to HL, being this method, besides the functional adaptations, a potential choice to attenuate the cardiovascular stress after exercise in older adults.

Efeito do treinamento concorrente nos componentes da síndrome metabólica de homens de meia-idade / Effect of concurrent training on components of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men

INTRODUÇÃO: A prática regular de exercícios físicos é considerada fundamental para prevenção e tratamento da Síndrome Metabólica, porém pouco se sabe sobre a forma ideal de treinamento. OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito de 16 semanas de treinamento concorrente (TC) com frequência semanal e duração da sessão similar ao treinamento de força (TF) e treinamento aeróbio (TA) isolados sobre os componentes da síndrome metabólica (SM) de homens de meia-idade. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 42 homens clinicamente saudáveis distribuídos em quatro grupos: TA (n = 13), TF (n = 9), TC (n = 10) e grupo controle (GC, n = 10). Os treinamentos foram compostos por duas etapas (E1 e E2) com duração de oito semanas cada, e frequência de três sessões/semana (TF: dez exercícios com 3 x 8-10 RM; TA: 60 min. de caminhada ou corrida a 55-85% VO2pico; TC: seis exercícios com 3 x 8-10 RM, seguidos de 30 min. de caminhada ou corrida a 55-85% VO2pico). Foram avaliadas circunferência de cintura (CC), perfil lipídico, glicose, pressão arterial (PA) e força máxima e VO2pico. RESULTADOS: A CC reduziu para o TA (-1,70%; p = 0,023) e TC (-1,66%; p = 0,018) e o LDL para o TF (-25,03%; p = 0,047) e TC (29,74%; p = 0,011). O TC promoveu redução na PA sistólica (-7,83%; p = 0,029). A força máxima e VO2pico aumentaram para os três grupos de treinamento (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A realização do TC frequência semanal e duração das sessões similar ao TA e TF isolados é mais eficaz para a melhora de componentes da SM.

INTRODUCTION: The practice of regular physical exercise is considered critical to prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, but little is known about the ideal form of training. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 16 weeks of concurrent training (CT) with weekly frequency and duration of the session similar to strength training (ST) and endurance training (ET) isolates, in the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) of middle-age men. METHODS: Forty-two clinically healthy men were selected and divided into four groups: ET (n = 13), ST (n = 9), CT (n = 10) and control group (CG, n = 10). The training was composed of two steps (E1 and E2) with a duration of eight weeks each, and frequency of three sessions/week (ST: ten exercises with 3 x 8-10 RM; AT: 60 min. Walking or running at 55 -85% VO2peak, CT: six exercises with 3 x RM 8.10, followed by 30 min. walking or running at 55-85% VO2peak). We evaluated waist circumference (WC), lipid profile, glucose, blood pressure (BP), maximum force and VO2peak. RESULTS: The WC reduced to the AT (-1.70%, p = 0.023) and CT (-1.66%, p = 0.018) and LDL to the ST (-25.03%, P = 0.047) and CT (29.74%, p = 0.011). The CT promoted the reduction in systolic BP (-7.83%, P = 0.029). The maximum force and peak VO2 increased for the three training groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The performance of CT weekly frequency and duration of sessions similar to the ET and ST alone is more effective for the improvement of MS components.