[Hepatorotective activity of honeysuckle fruit extract in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats].

We have studied the effects of the extract from the dry pomace of honeysuckle fruits Lonicera edulis Turcz. and commercial reference preparation Legalon on weight and biochemical liver indexes in rats upon carbon tetrachloride intoxication. The extract of honeysuckle fruits favored a decrease in the total lipid content, reduced specific liver weight, and facilitated restoration of the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase and liver lysosomal enzymes. It the blood of rats, the extract increased superoxide dismutase activity, decreased glutathione level, enhanced antiradical activity, and reduced the level of malonic dialdehyde. The effect of administration of honeysuckle fruits pomace extract on restoration of the liver function was more pronounced than the effect of Legalon.

[Hepatoprotective properties of isoflavonoids from roots of Maackia amurensis on experimental carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage].

Hepatoprotective properties of ethanol extract from the roots of Maackia amurensis Ruper et Maxim have been studied on the model of toxic hepatitis induced by carbon tetrachloride damage. It is established that the extract contains daidzein, 7-O-gentobiosides of isoflavonoids genistein, formononetin, pseudobabtige-nin, and 5-O-methylgenistein, and 3-O-gentobiosides of pterocarpans (6aR, 11aR)-maakiain and (6aR, 11aR)-medicarpin. The administration of extract facilitates the restoration of antioxidant protection enzymes activity and reduced glutathione level, decreases the formation of toxic peroxidation products, produces normalizing impact on liver phospholipid pattern, and improves the erythrocyte tolerance to hemolytic agents. The action of isoflavonoids from Maackia amurensis in restoration of metabolic pathways of the liver and removal of toxic stress was more effective as compared to that of the reference hepatoprotector legalon.

[Prevention of stress-related disorders in medical personnel].

Study covered female surgeons subjected to occupational stress complex (psychoemotional, chemical, work intensity, etc). Prophylactic intake of biologically active food supplement made of high cranberry appeared to relieve tension of antioxidant and antiradical defence systems, increased activation and stress, to normalize carbohydrates metabolism parameters.

[Biologically active additives in health prophylaxis of medical workers].

The aim of the investigation was to use the biologically active additive (BAD) Kalifen to prevent metabolic disturbances in medical workers during their occupational activity. Female physicians aged 40-50 years were examined. Group 1 (control) included 20 age-matched healthy female donors. Group 2 comprised 27 female physicians (anesthesiologists and surgeons) daily exposed to stresses (chemical, psychoemotional, work-related, etc.) who were asked after blood biochemical tests to daily take the BAD Kalifen in a dose of 2.5 ml after a meal (they made up Group 3), which is equal to the daily prophylactic dose in 100 mg of total polyphenols. The plasma tested before an experiment showed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, suppressed hepatic etherifying function, imbalance of the fractional content of phospholipids, exhaustion of the antioxidative system, increased lipid peroxidation, and impaired erythrocytic membrane permeability. The prophylactic use of the BAD Kalifen eliminates stress-induced metabolic disturbances and increases occupational and biological longevity in the able-bodied population.

[Impact of stress on hepatic lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, prevention].

An oligomer proantocyanidine complex (OPCC) isolated from the aqueous-and-alcoholic extract Kalifen and a polyphenol complex (PPC) isolated from the eleutherococcus extract were tested for their effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the rat liver under acute stress caused by hanging up of the animals by the cervical fold for 22 hours. This acute stress was accompanied by decreases in aerobic glycolysis and pentose cycle and by an increase in lipolysis. Hepatic etherifying function impaired. Lipids became predominant energy substrates. The administration of OPCC and PPC during stress promoted the preservation of carbohydrate metabolic reactions (gluconeogenesis, pentosephosphate pathway, Krebs cycle) and to the decrease of lipolysis. OPCC was shown to have stress-protective properties and to be able to diminish adrenal hypertrophy, to increase the production of oxidized equivalents (NAD+), and to enhance the activity of G-6-PDH in the rat liver. The complex is superior to the well-known antistress agent eleutherococcus, which makes it possible to regard these drugs as possible promising drugs in preventive and rehabilitative medicine.

[Influence of complex plant polyphenol preparation Eklikit on process of liver functions recovery after alcohol intoxication]. / Vliianie rastitel'nogo polifenol'nogo preparata éklikit na protsessy vostanovlenia funktsii pecheni posle alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

The comparative study was carried out to estimate hepatoprotective activity of the preparation "Eklikit", that represents the extract from the Shizandra chinensis crests and reference hepatoprpotector "Legalon" under acute alcohol intoxication. It was found that "Eklikit" posseses membrane protective and expressed hepatoprotective activity. "Eklikit" exceeds the reference hepatorpotector, "Legalon", in its ability to increase the oxidized form of NAD+ and reduced glutatione, cholesterol ethers and reduce the time of thiopental sleep. In other cases "Eklikit" was equally effective to "Legalon".

[Regulation of the metabolism of ethyl alcohol in the body with oligomeric proanthocyanides as a preventive measure against its toxic effect]. / Reguliatsiia metabolizma étilovogo spirta v organizme oligomernyi proantotsianidinami kak sposob profilaktiki ego tokchicheskogo vozdeistviia.

The study evaluated the effects of a complex of oligomer proanthocyanidines derived from the crowns of the grapes Vitis vinifera on the oxidation of ethanol and on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase in the plasma of male volunteers given ethanol once, as well as in the rat liver during long-term alcohol use. Oligomer proanthocyanides were shown to be actively involved in the human and animal metabolism of ethyl alcohol in vivo. Under their action, the reductase activity was preserved, which prevented acetaldehyde from accumulating in the body since it reduces to less toxic ethanol. Oligomer proanthocyanidines from the crowns of the grape may be used to prevent a significant toxic effect of excess doses of ethyl alcohol on the body.

[Antioxidant action of oligomeric proanthocyanidins isolated from viburnum in liver lesions by carbon tetrachloride and prevention of the latter's toxicity]. / Antioksidantnoe deistvie oligomernykh proantotsianidinov, vydelennykh iz kaliny, pri porazhenii pecheni chetyrekhkhloristym uglerodom i profilaktike ego toksicheskogo éffekta.

The effect of a set of oligomeric anthocyanidins, isolated from viburnum, produced on the indices of lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and on the hepatic antioxidant system in rats, who were subjected to the impact of carbon tetrachloride (CTC), was studied versus such effect exerted by preparations "Piknogenol" and "Legalon". The set of oligomeric anthocyanidins had a pronounced antitoxic and antioxidant action preventing the development of fat infiltration of the liver. The discussed preparation inhibited the processes of LPO, it normalized the level of antiradical hepatic activity and had a pronounced glutathione-saving effect, which is preconditioned by the biological activity of oligomeric anthocyanidins (traps for free radicals). The preparation can be used in prevention and treatment of toxic hepatic lesions.

[Stress-protector effect of diprim]. / Stress-protektivnoe deistvie diprima.

Diprim, a polyphenol preparation from crests of Far-Eastern grape species, influences the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in liver of rats subjected to stress. The drug possesses antistress properties determined by the biologically active natural polyphenol derivatives. Playing the role of a buffer redox system under the stressed conditions, the polyphenol structures provide for the possibility of retaining the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in rat liver and creating a reserve of the oxidized form of nicotinamide NAD+ coenzyme, which favors removal of the tissue hypoxia. The antioxidant properties of polyphenols from diprim preserve the phospholipid spectrum of the plasmic membranes of hepatocytes.

[Efficiency of Diprim for the restoration of the functional status of the liver after its damage by ethanol poisoning]. / Effektivnost' primeneniia rastitel'nogo preparata Diprim dlia vosstanovleniia funktsional'nogo sostoianiia pecheni posle porazheniia étilovym spirtom.

The effects of Diprim, a natural polyphenol complex isolated from Amur grapes crest, on lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and antioxidative system of the liver were studied in ethanol-treated rats. Diprim injected to animals during ethanol abstinence arrested stress and thus inhibited lipolysis in fatty tissue and prevented triglyceride accumulation in the liver. Ethanol-suppressed metabolic reactions of the liver concerned with the synthesis of phospholipid fractions (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine) were restored. Diprim promoted inhibition of LPO processes (the level of malonic dialdehyde decreased) and a pronounced glutathione-saving effect, which is largely due to its components--polyphenols which capture free radicals.

[Properties of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin]. / Nekotorye svoistva al'fa-gemolizina Escherichia coli.

SH-reagents (alpha-ethyl maleimide, n-chlor mercuribenzoate, dithioglycolic acid) and hydrogen peroxide induce insignificant changes in the activity of hemolysin. Reducing reagents (2-mercaptoethanol and ascorbate) inhibit hemolytic activity. Cholesterol at a concentration of 4.3 X 10(-5) M reduces this activity by 50%. Hemolysin has no phospholipase A activity. The energy necessary for activating the interaction of hemolysin with the membranes of erythrocytes (lag period) is 13800 cal/mol and for inducing the lysis of erythrocytes, 10 600 cal/mol. The above values are much less than those of O-labile hemolysins.