[Surprise in the hernia sac: the intrasaccular tumor of the sigma]. / Sorprese nel sacco erniario: il tumore intrasacculare del sigma.

In this report we define the terms of saccular, extra-saccular and intrasaccular tumor and present a rare case of intrasaccular tumor of the colon; it is remarked a careful clinical examination of patients with inguinal hernias to find a colon tumor; diagnosis in emergency is intra-operative. Two therapeutics options are possible: the simultaneous treatment or the delayed resolution.

[Intestinal enterolithiasis]. / Enterolitiasi intestinale.

We present a case report of a patient affected by chronic ileitis re-made acute and in which we found some entheroliths; they wern't not bezoars. We remarked the importance in bowel diseases in which are stasis or ipomotility like the Crohns disease. Sometimes they are responsible of subsequent complications like obstructions, hemorrages, perforations and so their presence must be considered by important diagnostic implications.

[Encapsulating sclerosing peritonitis: report of 2 cases]. / Peritonite sclerosante incapsulante: report di due casi.

SEP is an increasingly seen complication of CAPD; we have the occasion to see again this condition because two patients came under our observation. We have remarked the unknown etiology and pathogenesis, the difficult diagnosis and therapy, and the often poor prognosis.

[Benign peritoneal multicystic mesothelioma]. / Il mesotelioma multicistico peritoneale benigno: case report.

MMPB is a rare disease, very often is a casual finding because has not a specific sintomatology; the isthological examen permits the diagnosis; the prognosis is good but follow-up is necessary because the recurrences are possible.

[An acute superior mediastinal syndrome with critical tracheal stenosis due to benign multinodular goiter complicated by intracystic hemorrhage]. / Sindrome mediastinica superiore acuta con stenosi tracheale critica da gozzo multinodulare benigno complicato da emorragia intracistica.

Large benign goiter with a cervical and intrathoracic retrotracheal location is uncommon, but troublesome, since it affects the upper mediastinum and usually causes dyspnea, dysphagia or vascular obstruction; on the other hand, a large mediastinal cyst of thyroid origin complicated by a massive, spontaneous hemorrhage is an exceptional event, implicating vital prognosis through an acute tracheal compression. A 45-year-old-man presented all these complications of a previously neglected nodular-cystic goiter, causing an acute respiratory distress. An emergency diagnosis and consequent surgery, in delayed urgency, were performed. This case is presented because of its rarity. Its clinic management is discussed, in the framework of the existing literature.

[Gallbladder agenesis in the laparoscopic era: report of a case]. / L'agenesia della colecisti nell'era laparoscopica: a proposito di un caso.

The authors report an observed case and re-examine the incidence of this defect; they underline the possibility of the diagnosis during the fetal age and the association with one o more defects, sometimes incompatible with the life; in the adult, on the contrary, may be evidence of an associated litiasic pathology of the ++epato-choledocus or of the stenosis of the oddian sphincter. On the base of the diagnostic previous experiences, they elaborate the proposal of an algorythm and underline the utility of a laparoscopic diagnosis either in the pre-operative doubious cases or in the intra-operative diagnosed cases.

["Banding" of the venous side of an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis complicated with steal syndrome: a clinical case]. / "Banding" del versante venoso di fistola artero-venosa per emodialisi complicata da sindrome di furto periferico: un caso clinico.

The duration of an arteriovenous fistula has a limit. In fact there are some complications that compromise a good working of them. We have dealed on of these complications, a steal syndrome of an omero-cephalic fistula by a simple operation of "banding" using a ring of Teflon around the arterialized vein getting a good clinical result with a good preservation of the blood flow trans-fistula.

[Acute phlegmonous appendicitis due to a villous adenoma in a hernial sac. A case report]. / Appendicite acuta flemmosa da adenoma villoso in sacco erniario. Descrizione di un caso.

The authors report a case of a 93-year-old man with villous adenoma causing acute phlegmonous appendicitis. The appendicular localization, extremely uncommon, is the cause of an acute appendicitis in 50% of cases. Therefore, they analyse the anatomo-pathological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this pathology with the help of the literature.

[Hemangioma of the masseter: a rare location of a pathology not always accurately diagnosed]. / Emangioma del massetere: una rara localizzazione di una patologia non sempre esattamente diagnosticata.

The hemangiomas of the skeletal muscles are rare. The authors describe a case of masseter muscle hemangioma, dwelling upon the problems of differential diagnosis that are present for the straight rapport that the muscle contract with the parotid gland. Thus, the surgeon is led to confuse the malformation with a neoplasm of the parotid gland.

[Acute torsion of the greater omentum]. / Torsione acuta del grande omento.

Primary torsion of the greater omentum is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen and frequently it is misunderstood. In fact, from the analysis of the literature the authors can evict that the preoperative diagnosis is generally wrong. The authors write about the subject and they describe four cases come to their observation and all mistaken for acute appendicitis.

[Electrocardiographic changes in acute abdomen]. / Alterazioni elettrocardiografiche in corso di addome acuto.

We have examined the electrocardiograms of 516 patients hospitalized for acute abdomen. We have excluded from this research the younger patients than 14 years, those with shock, those with clinical signs of cardiopathy, those with electrolytic alterations and those executing anti-arythmic or anti-depressing therapy. We have found changes of repolarization and of rhythm. The changes of regularization consisted in flottening-inversion of T wave in the precordial and/or limb leads associated sometimes at negative deflection of the ST tract in the same leads. The changes of rhythm consisted in atrial or ventricular extrasystoles, paroxismal atrial tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Sometimes the changes of repolarization and rhythm were associated. We have discussed the possible pathogenetic mechanisms answerable for these changes; sympathetic adrenergic activation mediate or no from a parasympathetic reflex, reduction of intra-cellular potassium, activation of enzymatic systems, reabsorption of toxic substaces. The Authors have underlined the benignity of these ECG changes, disappearing after resolution of abdominal disease, and the necessity of a correct interpretation of those, to avoid the arising of a iatrogenic disease.