RESUMEN
Mycobacterium abscessus is an intrinsically drug-resistant, rapidly growing, nontuberculous mycobacterium; extrapulmonary infections have been reported in association with medical tourism (1). During November-December 2022, two Colorado hospitals (hospitals A and B) treated patient A, a Colorado woman aged 30-39 years, for M. abscessus meningitis. In October 2022, she had received intrathecal donor embryonic stem cell injections in Baja California, Mexico to treat multiple sclerosis and subsequently experienced headaches and fevers, consistent with meningitis. Her cerebrospinal fluid revealed neutrophilic pleocytosis and grew M. abscessus in culture at hospital A. Hospital A's physicians consulted hospital B's infectious diseases (ID) physicians to co-manage this patient (2).
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas , Mycobacterium abscessus , Humanos , Colorado/epidemiología , Adulto , Femenino , México/epidemiología , Mycobacterium abscessus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/epidemiología , Arizona/epidemiología , Trasplante de Células MadreRESUMEN
Three recently sequenced strains isolated from patients during an outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense infections at a cystic fibrosis center in the United States were compared with 6 strains from an outbreak at a cystic fibrosis center in the United Kingdom and worldwide strains. Strains from the 2 cystic fibrosis outbreaks showed high-level relatedness with each other and major-level relatedness with strains that caused soft tissue infections during an epidemic in Brazil. We identified unique single-nucleotide polymorphisms in cystic fibrosis and soft tissue outbreak strains, separate single-nucleotide polymorphisms only in cystic fibrosis outbreak strains, and unique genomic traits for each subset of isolates. Our findings highlight the necessity of identifying M. abscessus to the subspecies level and screening all cystic fibrosis isolates for relatedness to these outbreak strains. We propose 2 diagnostic strategies that use partial sequencing of rpoB and secA1 genes and a multilocus sequence typing protocol.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Infecciones por Mycobacterium/epidemiología , Mycobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Genoma Bacteriano , Humanos , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus , Mycobacterium/clasificación , Mycobacterium/genética , Infecciones por Mycobacterium/complicaciones , Infecciones por Mycobacterium/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Mycobacterium/microbiología , Filogenia , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Rapidly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in the Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB) species are emerging pathogens that cause various diseases including skin and respiratory infections. The species has undergone recent taxonomic nomenclature refinement, and is currently recognized as two subspecies, M. abscessus subsp. abscessus (MAB-A) and M. abscessus subsp. bolletii (MAB-B). The recently reported outbreaks of MAB-B in surgical patients in Brazil from 2004 to 2009 and in cystic fibrosis patients in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2006 to 2012 underscore the need to investigate the genetic diversity of clinical MAB strains. To this end, we sequenced the genomes of two Brazilian MAB-B epidemic isolates (CRM-0019 and CRM-0020) derived from an outbreak of skin infections in Rio de Janeiro, two unrelated MAB strains from patients with pulmonary infections in the United States (US) (NJH8 and NJH11) and one type MAB-B strain (CCUG 48898) and compared them to 25 publically available genomes of globally diverse MAB strains. Genome-wide analyses of 27,598 core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed that the two Brazilian derived CRM strains are nearly indistinguishable from one another and are more closely related to UK outbreak isolates infecting CF patients than to strains from the US, Malaysia or France. Comparative genomic analyses of six closely related outbreak strains revealed geographic-specific large-scale insertion/deletion variation that corresponds to bacteriophage insertions and recombination hotspots. Our study integrates new genome sequence data with existing genomic information to explore the global diversity of infectious M. abscessus isolates and to compare clinically relevant outbreak strains from different continents.
Asunto(s)
Pulmón/microbiología , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/epidemiología , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/microbiología , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/clasificación , Enfermedades Cutáneas Bacterianas/microbiología , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Bacteriófagos/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Brasil/epidemiología , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Epidemias , Variación Genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/genética , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Multiple isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, collectively called BRA100, were associated with outbreaks of postsurgical skin infections across various regions of Brazil from 2003 to 2009. We announce the draft genome sequence of a newly sequenced BRA100 strain, M. abscessus subsp. bolletii CRM-0020, isolated from a patient in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.