Cobweb-Inspired Micro/Nanostructured Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Regeneration with Inhibition Effect of Fibrosis under Dynamic Environment.

In soft tissue repair, fibrosis can lead to repair failure and long-term chronic pain in patients. Excessive mechanical stimulation of fibroblasts is one of the causes of fibrosis during abdominal wall regeneration. Inspired by the cobweb, a polycaprolactone beaded fiber is prepared by electrospinning. The cobweb-inspired structure attenuates the mechanical stimulation of cells under a dynamic environment. Nano-protrusions are introduced into the scaffold for further inhibition of fibrosis by self-induced crystallization. A machine is built for in vitro dynamic culture and rat abdominal subcutaneous embedding experiments are performed to verify the inhibiting effect of fibrosis in a dynamic environment in vivo. Results show that the expression of integrin ß1 and α-smooth muscle actin is inhibited by the cobweb-inspired structure under dynamic culture. The results of hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome indicate that the cobweb-inspired structure has a good inhibitory effect on fibrosis in a dynamic environment in vivo. In general, the cobweb-inspired scaffold with nano-protrusions has a good ability to inhibit fibrosis under both static and dynamic environments. It is believed that the scaffold has promising applications in the field of inhibiting fibrosis caused by mechanical stimulation.

Spatial and temporal patterns of supply and demand risk for ecosystem services in the Weihe River Main Stream, NW China.

The rapid development of society and economy in the post-industrial era has exacerbated the spatial matching contradiction between the demand of humans and the supply of the natural environment, while ecosystem service (ES) as a bridge linking nature and society, identifying and assessing its supply-demand risk, was beneficial to ecosystem management and promoted regional high-quality development. Based on the data of multi-source remote sensing and statistics, the supply and demand levels of four ESs, which contain food supply, carbon storage, soil conservation, and water yield in the main stem of the Weihe River in 2000, 2010, and 2020, were quantitatively measured. The spatial and temporal analysis of the supply, demand, and supply-demand ratio of each service was carried out using spatial mapping. The spatio-temporal pattern of the supply-demand risk was recognized by the method of spatial overlay, which means overlaying the supply and demand for material quality, ratio, trend, and the degree of trade-off coordination together between each service. The results showed that (1) the demand for water yield decreased slightly while the demand for food and the supply of carbon storage remained stable. In addition, the supply and demand of other services showed an upward trend. (2) The spatial distribution of the supply-demand ratio of each service shows "high in the south and low in the north" and "high in the east and low in the west," among which the supply-demand ratio of carbon storage is decreasing. (3) The overall supply-demand risk of soil conservation in the study area is low with characteristics of small range and high degree, the risk distribution characteristics of the other services are high in the east and low in the west, and the risk is high in the city center and low around. Otherwise, the supply-demand risk of food supply showed a downward trend, the risk of carbon storage showed an upward trend, the risk of soil conservation remained stable, and the risk of water yield showed a significant downward trend. Based on static supply-demand risk identification, this study assesses supply-demand risk over two periods and analyzes the trend of supply-demand risk changes over time. It clarifies the extent and direction of supply-demand risk shifts, as well as provides improved theoretical support for ecosystem service management.

[Identification of crucial areas of water supply service in Shiyang River Basin based on service flow]. / åŸºäºŽæœåŠ¡æµçš„çŸ³ç¾Šæ²³æµåŸŸæ°´ä¾›ç»™æœåŠ¡å ³é”®åŒºåŸŸè¯†åˆ«.

The identification of crucial areas of ecosystem service is of great significance for accurate implementation of sustainable development measures and the improvement of regional ecosystem service. Taking Shiyang River Basin as a research unit, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of the provision and consumption of water supply services in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The water supply service flow model was used to quantitatively simulate water supply service flow. The ZONATION model was selected to identify the crucial areas in the Shiyang River Basin in 2020. The results showed that the provision of water supply services in the Shiyang River Basin showed a spatial pattern being high in the south and low in the north from 2005 to 2020, which declined gradually with time. The consumption showed a spatial pattern dominated by cultivated land and industrial land and temporal change with a downward trend in fluctuation. Each year, about 10.8% of water demand gap could be made up by replenishing upstream water resource. In 2020, the crucial areas of water supply service in Shiyang River Basin were 14455 km2. We proposed management strategies to repair and improve the capacity of water conservation, flow promotion, and water conservation in crucial areas from the perspective of provision, transmission, and consumption.

Acetylresveratrol as a Potential Substitute for Resveratrol Dragged the Toxic Aldehyde to Inhibit the Mutation of Mitochondrial DNA.

The aim of this study was to explore whether or not acetylresveratrol as a potential substitute for resveratrol dragged the toxic aldehyde to inhibit the mutation of mitochondrial DNA. The results revealed that the acetylresveratrol shifted ultraviolet peak of trans-crotonaldehyde from 316 to 311 nm. In mitochondria, the acetylresveratrol split the ultraviolet peak at 311 nm of trans-crotonaldehyde into 311 nm and 309 nm; the aldehyde Raman band of trans-crotonaldehyde was red shifted by the acetylresveratrol from 1689 to 1686 cm-1 with obvious band decline; Raman bands at 1149 cm-1, 1168 cm-1, and 1325 cm-1 of acetylresveratrol disappeared. In aldehyde dehydrogenase, the aldehyde Raman band of trans-crotonaldehyde was red shifted by the acetylresveratrol from 1689 to 1684 cm-1 with band decline; Raman bands at 1150 cm-1, 1168 cm-1, and 1324 cm-1 of acetylresveratrol declined. The weak acidic microenvironment was the best, for the acetylresveratrol dragged the toxic aldehyde of trans-crotonaldehyde. Compared with the resveratrol, the effect of the acetylresveratrol on the toxic aldehyde of trans-crotonaldehyde was very similar to that of the resveratrol. The acetylresveratrol is very suitable as a potential substitute for resveratrol dragged the toxic aldehyde to inhibit the mutation of mitochondrial DNA. Graphical Abstract In mitochondria, the Raman band of the toxic -CH=O of trans-crotonaldehyde (TCA) dragged by the Acetyl-Res from 1689 to 1686 cm-1 with obvious band decline, while the Raman bands at 1149 cm-1, 1168 cm-1, and 1325 cm-1 of the Acetyl-Res disappeared, respectively. The Acetyl-Res is very suitable as a potential substitute, for the Res dragged the toxic -CH=O of TCA to inhibit the mutation of mitochondrial DNA for anticancer.

Design of a hydraulically-driven bionic folding wing.

Membranous hind wings of the beetles can be folded under the elytra when they are at rest, and rotate and lift the elytra up only when they need to fly. This characteristic provides excellent flying capability and good environment adaptability. Inspired by the beetles, the new type of the bionic folding wing for the flapping wing Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) was designed. This flapping wing can be unfolded to get a sufficient lift in flight, and can be folded off flight to reduce the wing area and risk of the wing damage. The relationship between the internal pressures of the hydraulic system for the bionic wing folding varies and temperature was analyzed, the results show that the pressure within the system tends to increase with temperature, which proves the feasibility of the schematic design in theory. Stress analysis of the bionic wing was conducted, it was shown that stress distributions and deformation of the bionic wing under the positive and negative side loading are basically the same, which demonstrates that the strength of the bionic folding wing meets the requirements and further proves the feasibility of the schematic design.