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Aim To explore the effect of baicalin on respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and its effect on cell metabolism. Methods The anti-RSV effect of baicalin in vitro was verified by antiviral cell experiment, and the cellular metabolic mechanism of baicalin against RSV was explored by cell metabolomics. Results Baicalin had an inhibitory effect on all stages of RSV infection, and the condition of CPE was significantly improved, which may mainly play a role in the adsorption and proliferation of RSV. A total of 19 differential metabolites were screened by cell metabolomics, which were mainly glycerol phospholipids, nucleosides and fatty acids. Seven metabolic pathways were obtained by enrichment analysis, which were mainly related to glycerol-phospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism (arachidonic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism), amino acid metabolism and purine metabolism. Conclusions Baicalin has significant inhibitory effect on the adsorption and proliferation of RSV, which may be related to fatty acid metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, amino acid and purine metabolism.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the sequence variation and genetic diversity of 47 Isatis indigotica germplasm materials， and carry out the study on the genetic differentiation and structure. MethodGenomic DNA of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were extracted by kit extraction method. Two chloroplast DNA （cp DNA） sequences and five inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） primers were used for amplification and sequencing. Chromas， Mega 7.0， DanSP5， and GenALEx were used to calibrate， splice， and analyze the sequence characteristics. PERMUT and PopGen 1.31 were used to analyze the genetic diversity parameters and genetic structure， and NTSYS was used to obtain the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means（UPGMA） clustering tree plot of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials. ResultA total of 129 samples from 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were successfully amplified and sequenced. The length of 2 cp DNA sequences after spliced was 1 412 bp， and there were 377 polymorphic variation loci， and 36 haplotypes. Fu and Li's D* test was significant （P<0.01）. The values of Pi， HS， and HT based on cp DNA were 0.119 89， 0.787， and 0.891， respectively. The genetic differentiation coefficients of gene differentiation coefficient（Gst）， nucleotide differentiation coefficient（Nst）， and fixation index（Fst） were 0.117， 0.468， and 0.488， respectively， and the gene flow （Nm） was 0.615. The mean values of PPB， Shannon information diversity index（I）， Nei's genetic diversity index（H）， and Gst based on ISSR were 78.85%， 0.334 8， 0.218 6， and 0.754 4， respectively， and the Nm value was 0.162 8. ConclusionI. indigotica has high genetic diversity and abundant haplotypes at the species level， with abundant haplotypes. Genetic differentiation among different germplasm materials is obvious， and gene exchange is not frequent. Genetic variation mainly exists among populations. The population has accumulated various low-frequency gene mutations recently， suggesting that it has experienced significant regional expansion in the history.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the sequence variation and genetic diversity of 47 Isatis indigotica germplasm materials， and carry out the study on the genetic differentiation and structure. MethodGenomic DNA of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were extracted by kit extraction method. Two chloroplast DNA （cp DNA） sequences and five inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） primers were used for amplification and sequencing. Chromas， Mega 7.0， DanSP5， and GenALEx were used to calibrate， splice， and analyze the sequence characteristics. PERMUT and PopGen 1.31 were used to analyze the genetic diversity parameters and genetic structure， and NTSYS was used to obtain the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means（UPGMA） clustering tree plot of 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials. ResultA total of 129 samples from 47 I. indigotica germplasm materials were successfully amplified and sequenced. The length of 2 cp DNA sequences after spliced was 1 412 bp， and there were 377 polymorphic variation loci， and 36 haplotypes. Fu and Li's D* test was significant （P<0.01）. The values of Pi， HS， and HT based on cp DNA were 0.119 89， 0.787， and 0.891， respectively. The genetic differentiation coefficients of gene differentiation coefficient（Gst）， nucleotide differentiation coefficient（Nst）， and fixation index（Fst） were 0.117， 0.468， and 0.488， respectively， and the gene flow （Nm） was 0.615. The mean values of PPB， Shannon information diversity index（I）， Nei's genetic diversity index（H）， and Gst based on ISSR were 78.85%， 0.334 8， 0.218 6， and 0.754 4， respectively， and the Nm value was 0.162 8. ConclusionI. indigotica has high genetic diversity and abundant haplotypes at the species level， with abundant haplotypes. Genetic differentiation among different germplasm materials is obvious， and gene exchange is not frequent. Genetic variation mainly exists among populations. The population has accumulated various low-frequency gene mutations recently， suggesting that it has experienced significant regional expansion in the history.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation are the main pathological features. Silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) can deacetylate various types of histones and non-histones, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies found that exercise can activate SIRT1 to delay the progression of AD. The mechanisms may be as follows: inhibit the activity of β-secretase and increase the activity of α-secretase to reduce the production of Aβ; reduce the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein; interact with PGC-1α to promote mitochondrial biogenesis; up-regulate PINK1/ Parkin signaling pathway to improve mitochondrial autophagy; and deacetylate NF-κB to inhibit neuroinflammation. In addition, the protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in hippocampus are increased, and ApoE4 gene is inhibited to enhance synaptic plasticity. This article summarizes the role and mechanisms of exercise in improving AD by regulating SIRT1, and provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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To investigate the duration of humoral immune response in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, we conduct a 12-month longitudinal study through collecting a total of 1,782 plasma samples from 869 convalescent plasma donors in Wuhan, China and test specific antibody responses. The results show that positive rate of IgG antibody against receptor-binding domain of spike protein (RBD-IgG) to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors exceeded 70% for 12 months post diagnosis. The level of RBD-IgG decreases with time, with the titer stabilizing at 64.3% of the initial level by the 9th month. Moreover, male plasma donors produce more RBD-IgG than female, and age of the patients positively correlates with the RBD-IgG titer. A strong positive correlation between RBD-IgG and neutralizing antibody titers is also identified. These results facilitate our understanding of SARS-CoV-2-induced immune memory to promote vaccine and therapy development.
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Objective:The biological mechanism of <italic>Codonopsis pilosula</italic> adaptation to drought was explored by determining the root metabolome of <italic>C. pilosula</italic> during harvesting. Method:Non-targeted metabonomics LC-MS was used to screen differential metabolites by multivariate statistical analysis，univariate statistical analysis and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. Result:①There were 274 metabolites in LD vs CK group，142 of which were up-regulated and 132 of which were down-regulated. There were 284 metabolites with significant difference in MD vs CK group，of which 157 were up-regulated and 127 were down-regulated. There were 317 metabolites with significant difference in SD vs CK group，of which 133 were up-regulated and 184 were down-regulated. ②Differential metabolites were annotated into kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes （KEGG） database and 82 differential metabolic pathways were obtained，among which sphingolipids metabolism was significantly enriched （<italic>P</italic><0.01）.Metabolism of arginine and proline，tryptophan，alanine，galactose，nicotinic acid and nicotinamide，cysteine and methionine，arachidonic acid，linolenic acid and glycerides were significantly enriched in different metabolite pathways （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. ③The metabolites of the three comparison groups before and after enrichment were classified and analyzed. It was found that they were mainly concentrated in fatty acyls group，carboxylic acid and derivatives，and organ oxygen compounds，followed by sphingolipids，indoles and derivatives，organonitrogen compounds，glycerophospholipids，pyridines and derivatives，peptidomimetics，glycerolipids and so on.In the drought stress of <italic>C. codonopsis</italic>，carbohydrate related metabolites were mainly up-regulated，lipid related metabolites were mainly down-regulated，and all other metabolites were up-regulated. Conclusion:The changes of metabolites in the roots of <italic>C. pilosula</italic> under drought stress were elucidated. carbohydrate and lipid-related metabolites were the main products of <italic>C. pilosula</italic> under drought stress，and these metabolites may be the main reason to improve the ability of <italic>C. pilosula</italic> to resist drought，which laid a foundation for further study on the mechanism of <italic>C. pilosula</italic> to resist drought.
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Alzheimer' s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease which seriously damages the physical and mental health of the elderly and causes huge economic pressure to the society. However, the pathogenesis of AD is not completely elucidated. There is still no effective drug to cure AD in clinical practice. Tau protein is a soluble and non-aggregating microtubule-related protein, which can stabilize microtubule structure. The structure and function of Tau protein are abnormal in AD' s brain while under pathological conditions, and the abnormal Tau protein aggregates to insoluble neurofibrillary tangles which damages microtubules and leads to cognitive dysfunction. These changes of Tau protein are regulated by a variety of post-translational modifications, which directly change the properties and functions of proteins by attaching specific chemical moieties to Tau protein's C-terminus or N-terminus. It's confirmed that a variety of Tau post-translational modifications, like phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation and sumoylation is abnormal in AD's brain, which is closely related to Tau degradation and the accumulation of toxic substances. In this review, we summarized the latest progress supporting the role of exercise regulated Tau post-translational modification in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Firstly, exercise inhibits tau protein hyperphosphorylation by suppressing the activity of GSK-3β and MAPKs and possibly by up-regulating the activity of PP2A. Secondly, exercise increases tau protein O-GlcNAcylation by up-regulating the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3, also possibly by regulating the balance of activity of OGT and OGA. Thirdly, exercise decreases tau protein acetylation possibly by inhibiting p300 and activating SIRT1; exercise regulates the acetylation of Tau KXGS possibly by inhibiting HDAC6. Lastly, exercise inhibits abnormal Tau sumoylation possibly by regulating the co-location sites of phosphorylation and sumoylation.
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Aim To investigate the effects of long non coding RNA (LncRNA) LINC00339 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer (CC) cells through regulating miR-873-5p/COMP axis. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00339, miR-873-5p and COMP in CC tissues and cells. Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were detected by means of CCK-8, Transwell and flow cytometry respectively. The targeting relationship between miR-873-5p and LINC00339 as well as COMP was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull-down. Results Compared with paracancer-ous tissues and normal colonic epithelial cells, the expressions of LJNC00339 and COMP were up-regulated while the expression of miR-873-5p was down-regulated in CC tissues and cells (all P < 0. 05). LINC00339 up-regulated the expression of COMP via competitive binding with miR-873-5p. Down-regulation of LINC00339 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CC cells and induced cell apoptosis, but the effects of LINC00339 knockdown on the biological behavior of CC cells was partially saved by miR-873-5p inhibitor (all P < 0. 05). LINC00339 increased the expression level of COMP via absorbing miR-873-5p, and the up-regulation of COMP partially saved the effects of LINC00339 knockdown on CC cells (all P <0.05). Conclusions LINC00339 promotes the proliferation and invasion while inhibits apoptosis of CC cells through regulating miR-873-5p/COMP axis.
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter into human cells. The expression level of ACE2 potentially determine the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19, it is thus of importance to understand the regulatory mechanism of ACE2 expression. Tripartite motif containing 28 (TRIM28) is known to be involved in multiple processes including antiviral restriction, endogenous retrovirus latency and immune response, it is recently reported to be co-expressed with SARS-CoV-2 receptor in type II pneumocytes; however, the roles of TRIM28 in ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 cell entry remain unclear. This study showed that knockdown of TRIM28 induces ACE2 expression and increases pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 cell entry of A549 cells and primary pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (PAEpiCs). In a co-culture model of NK cells and lung epithelial cells, our results demonstrated that NK cells inhibit TRIM28 and promote ACE2 expression in lung epithelial cells, which was partially reversed by depletion of interleukin-2 and blocking of granzyme B in the co-culture medium. Furthermore, TRIM28 knockdown enhanced interferon-{gamma} (IFN-{gamma})-induced ACE2 expression through a mechanism involving upregulating IFN-{gamma} receptor 2 (IFNGR2) in both A549 and PAEpiCs. Importantly, the upregulated ACE2 induced by TRIM28 knockdown and co-culture of NK cells was partially reversed by dexamethasone in A549 cells but not PAEpiCs. Our study identified TRIM28 as a novel regulator of ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
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Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Astragalus propinquus/química , Fitoterapia , Rinitis Alérgica/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Subunidad p50 de NF-kappa B/genética , Subunidad p50 de NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Mucosa Nasal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Mucosa Nasal/patología , Ovalbúmina/toxicidad , Preparaciones de Plantas/farmacología , Preparaciones de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Rinitis Alérgica/inducido químicamente , Linfocitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is characterized by unilateral posterior head and neck pain originating from cervical structures and may be improved or resolved by successful treatment of the causative cervical disorder or lesion. Cervical medial branch radiofrequency (RF) lesion therapy is effective in some CEH patients with no significant pathologic abnormalities that can be surgically corrected. However, patients with refractory CEH are often encountered clinically. CASE DESCRIPTION: Here we describe the case of a 68-year-old female with an 18-year history of CEH who did not respond to a series of treatments including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, anticonvulsants, medial branch diagnostic block, medial branch RF lesion, and spinal cord stimulation. After careful examination, we performed percutaneous endoscopic right C2-C3 medial branch neurotomy under local anesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia. The patient's constant pain was ultimately relieved. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with refractory CEH who failed medial branch RF lesion, which could be relieved briefly by diagnostic medial branch injection, percutaneous endoscopic C2-C3 medial branches neurotomy may alleviate their pain under the premise of full informed consent, accurate localization, careful intraoperative exploration, and stimulation testing.
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Vértebras Cervicales/cirugía , Endoscopía/métodos , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/métodos , Cefalea Postraumática/cirugía , Anciano , Vértebras Cervicales/inervación , Femenino , Humanos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina at head and abdomen for headache due to phlegm turbidity. Methods:A total of 56 patients with headache due to phlegm turbidity were randomized into a tuina group and a Chinese medicine group by the random number table, with 28 cases in each group. The tuina group was treated mainly with tuina at the head and abdomen, while the Chinese medicine group was treated with oral administration of Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang(Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala and GastrodiaDecoction). The course of treatment was 30 d. The scores of headache index, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scale, and the therapeutic efficacy were observed. Results:There were 2 dropouts in each group during treatment. The total effective rate was 92.3％ in the tuina group, significantly higher than 76.9％ in the Chinese medicine group (P<0.05). The scores of headache index and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scale in both groups decreased after treatment (bothP<0.05), and scores in the tuina group were lower than those in the Chinese medicine group (bothP<0.05). Conclusion:Tuina mainly at head and abdomen is effective in treating headache due to phlegm turbidity, and has a better effect than Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala and GastrodiaDecoction).
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miR-214 plays a major role in the self-renewal of skin tissue. However, whether miR-214 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of human hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) is unknown. Primary HFSCs were isolated from human scalp skin tissue, cultured, and identified using flow cytometry. An miR-214 mimic and inhibitor were constructed for transfection into HFSCs. The MTS and colony formation assays examined cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence detected the localization and expression levels of TCF4, β-catenin, and differentiation markers. Luciferase reporter and TOP/FOP Flash assays investigated whether miR-214 targeted EZH2 and regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Western blot determined the expression levels of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related proteins, and HFSC differentiation markers in cells subjected to miR-214 transfection. miR-214 expression was remarkably decreased during the proliferation and differentiation of HFSCs into transit-amplifying (TA) cells. Downregulation of miR-214 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of HFSCs. Overexpression of miR-214 led to decreased expression of EZH2, β-catenin, and TCF-4, whereas downregulation of miR-214 resulted in increased expression of EZH2, β-catenin, and TCF-4 as well as TA differentiation markers. Immunofluorescence assay revealed that inhibiting miR-214 triggered the entry of β-catenin and TCF-4 into the nucleus. The luciferase reporter and TOP/FOP Flash assays demonstrated that miR-214 directly targets EZH2 and affects Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The miR-214/EZH2/β-catenin axis could be considered a candidate target in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for HFSCs.
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Humanos , Antígenos de Diferenciación , Western Blotting , Proliferación Celular , Regulación hacia Abajo , Citometría de Flujo , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Folículo Piloso , Cabello , Técnicas In Vitro , Luciferasas , Medicina Regenerativa , Cuero Cabelludo , Piel , Células Madre , Ingeniería de Tejidos , TransfecciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation effects of different ecotype from Isatidis Radix growing in Gansu province.@*METHODS@#Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (=11)and used the auricular swelling and paw edema to observe the anti-inflammatory effects of Isatidis Radix; Mice were randomly divided into 7 groups (=11) and through the gasbag synovitis model to observe the anti-inflammatory effects of Isatidis Radix; Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (=11), the immunosuppressed model were established by injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX) to study the effects of Isatidis Radix on index of thymus, blood routine and cytokines.@*RESULTS@#Gansu different ecotype from Isatidis Radix could reduce the swelling of the mice auricle, paw edema and total protein, leukotriene B(LTB)and malonaldehyde(MDA) in airbag synovitis exudates, and upgrade serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD); Degrade the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and upgrade the index of thymus, the number of red and white corpuscles, the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (<0.05, 0.01) of mice immunosuppressed model; Above the research of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation, there were no significant differences between Isatidis Radix of Gansu different ecotype and tetraploid.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Different ecotype of Isatidis Radix has obvious functions in anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation, but there are no significant differences between Gansu different ecotype and tetraploid.
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Animales , Ratones , Antiinflamatorios , Farmacología , China , Citocinas , Alergia e Inmunología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Farmacología , Ecotipo , Inmunomodulación , Isatis , Química , Extractos Vegetales , Farmacología , Distribución AleatoriaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the safety and feasibility of 3D laparoscopic surgery via transrectal extraction of specimens without abdominal incision in the treatment of slow transit constipation (STC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2015 to January 2017, 8 STC patients (6 females and 2 males) with informed consent were selected to receive subtotal colectomy with 3D laparoscopy as the no-incision incision group, in which the initial part of ascending colon and rectum were end-to-end anastomosed directly after extraction of the specimen through the rectum. Twelve STC patients (9 females and 3 males) undergoing traditional subtotal colectomy with 3D laparoscopy were selected as the traditional group by case matching method (gender, age, BMI, the difference of receiving operation time less than 12 months, same surgeon team). Perioperative parameters (operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, exhausting time, postoperative hospital stay, complications, postoperative pain score and additional pain management), inflammation index at postoperative day 1 and day 3 (leukocyte, procalcitonin, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein), postoperative peritoneal infection, wound healing, short-term and long-term efficacy, patient satisfaction evaluation (subjective hundred-mark system) at postoperative one year were compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences between two groups in operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, exhausting time, postoperative hospital stay and morbidity of complication (all P>0.05). Significantly lower pain scores at postoperative 6-hour (median 3.0 vs. 4.5, U=23.0, P=0.042), lower ratio of additional analgesic at postoperative day 1(1/8 vs. 7/12, P=0.040) were found in the no-incision group. Leukocyte level at postoperative day 1 was significantly lower in the no-incision group [(11.0±3.5)×10/L vs. (14.7±3.6)×10/L, t=-2.281, P=0.035]. C-reactive protein concentration at postoperative day 3 was not significantly different between two groups but with different trend [median 78.1(0.1 to 154.0) mg/L vs. 22.0 (7.0 to 55.9) mg/L,U=33.0, P=0.047]. There were no significant differences of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin between two groups(all P>0.05). All the patients had follow-up for 14-31 months. Subjective effectiveness score was 90±9 in the no-incision group and 94±6 in the traditional group without significant difference(t=-1.099, P=0.286). No long-term complications associated with abdominal infection was observed in the no-incision group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>3D laparoscopic subtotal colectomy via transrectal extraction of specimens without abdominal incision in the treatment of STC has similar short-term and long-term efficacies compared with traditional laparoscopic assisted surgery, and does not increase the probability of abdominal contamination.</p>
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Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Colectomía , Métodos , Estreñimiento , Cirugía General , Laparoscopía , Tiempo de Internación , Tempo Operativo , Recto , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of high-frequency diathermic therapy and intra-thoracic chemotherapy with recombinant endostar combined with cisplatin in treatment of malignant pleural effusion. Methods A total of 48 patients with malignant pleural effusion diagnosed in the First People ' s Hospital of Guiyang from September 2014 to September 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with envelope method. Twenty-four patients in observation group were received high-frequency diathermic therapy and cisplation 60 mg/m2 combined with endostar 25-30 mg/m2 intra-thoracic chemotherapy. Twenty-four patients in control group were treated with high-frequency diathermic therapy and single cisplation 60 mg/m2 intra-thoracic chemotherapy. The patients were karnofsky performance scores ≥70, cooperate with intravenous systemic chemotherapy, every 21 days for a total of two or three cycles. High frequency diathermic therapy was administered twice a week for 3 weeks 30 minutes after intra-thoracic chemotherapy,treatment time of 60 minutes every time. Chi-squared test were selected to evaluate the clinical efficacy and quality of life and adverse and toxic responses, respectively. The paired samplest test were selected to evaluate the variation of tumor markers in hydrothorax of the two groups pretherapy and post-treatment. Results In 24 patients of observation group, 2 patients were complete remission (CR), 17 patients were partial remission (PR), 4 patients were disease stable (SD), 1 patient was disease progression (PD), and the objective response rate (ORR) (CR+PR) was 79.2 ％. In 24 patients of control group, 0 patient was CR, 12 patients were PR, 7 patients were SD, 5 patients were PD, and the ORR was 50.0％, there was significant difference in ORR between the two groups (χ 2 = 4.463, P = 0.035). Karnofsky performance scores in observation group was higher than that in control group after treatment, patients with clinical benefit rate was 79.2 ％ vs. 54.2 ％, but the difference in life quality between the two groups was no statistically significant (χ2=3.375, P=0.066). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA-199), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in hydrothorax of the two groups were reduced by the treatment, except for the difference of CYFRA21-1 between the two group was not statistically significant (P= 0.161), the changes of the other 3 indicators in the observation group before and after treatment were greater than those in the control group (all P< 0.05). Conclusions High-frequency diathermic therapy and intra-thoracic chemotherapy with single cisplatin are effective in treating patients with malignant pleural effusion, and is more superior when combined with endostar. Additionally, the combination of the above two drugs has synergistic action and better safety, deserves to be further promoted in clinic.
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Objective To study the physiological characteristics of Codonopsis Radix under drought stress; To reveal the physiological mechanism of Codonopsis Radix in response to drought stress. Methods Method of pot experiment was used to set up 4 water treatments: normal water supply, mild stress, moderate stress and severe stress. Through the determination of leaf relative water content, cell membrane permeability, osmotic adjustment contents and protective enzyme activity, the effects of drought stress on physiological characteristics of Codonopsis Radix were studied. Results With the drought stress increased, the chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll content and leaf relative water content of Codonopsis Radix decreased, but chlorophyll b had no obvious change; The conductivity increased first and then decreased; MDA contents increased first and then decreased and then increased; There was no significant change in the rate of superoxide anion production; POD and CAT activity increased; SOD had no significant change; The proline content increased first and then decreased; soluble sugar decreased; soluble protein had no significant change. Conclusion Under the condition of drought stress, by increasing the content of proline to regulate cell osmotic potential, Codonopsis Radixcan increase the antioxidant enzyme activity to reduce membrane lipid peroxidation damage to cells.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the use of a self-made specimen protective sleeve in laparoscopic resection for upper or mid rectal cancer and sigmoid colon cancer with transrectal specimen extraction surgery and the improvement of implantation method, so as to avoid and reduce bacterial contamination and tumor cell dissemination in abdominal cavity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>During June 2015 and May 2017, 48 cases of high located rectal or sigmoid colon cancer were operated laparoscopically with natural orifices specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) using a self-made specimen protecting sleeve. Operation indication: (1) Rectum and sigmoid colon cancer with the distance of more than 6 cm from tumor inferior margin to dentate line. (2) The maximum diameter of intestine together with mesangial and tumor <7 cm by intraoperative judgment. (3) No anal and distal rectal surgery, no anorectal stenosis or lack of expansion capacity caused by trauma. (4) No ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease or radiation proctitis. After transecting the rectum, the specimen protective sleeve was inserted through the right lower 12 mm main Trocar (This sleeve was tailored from the laparoscopic protective sleeve produced by China 3L Corporation, which was intercepted with 25-35 cm from one end of the sleeve according to the length of distal rectal retention. One end was ligated and the other was open with a ligature band. About 5 ml paraffin oil was used to rinse and lubricate during the operation). The rectal stump retained 7-8 cm in abdominal cavity. The transanal ligation part of the protective sleeve was cut off, then the stapler nail seat was inserted and specimen was pull out through the sleeve and rectum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 30 males and 18 females. The average age was (64.5±14.1) years, the BMI was (25.4±3.9) kg/m, the tumor diameter was (3.3±1.1) cm, the maximum diameter of specimen was (5.4±1.5) cm and the length of specimen was (18.6±4.3) cm. Among these 48 cases, specimens of 36 patients were pulled out through inside of the sleeve easily, while specimens of 12 patients were quite difficult with resistance. Of 12 cases, 7 needed the help of transverse forceps, 4 needed to make 1 cm incision in pull-through bowel and insert a suction to decrease the volume of large specimens with gathering of gas and fluid, and 1 received small abdominal incision to remove specimen and perform intestinal reconstruction due to big specimen (the diameter of tumor and mesentery was 7.5 cm). Specimen tears of 6 patients didn't result in dissemination thanks to the specimen protecting sleeve. The operation time was (113.2±76.1) min, the bleeding amount was (38.5±17.3) ml, the time to first oral intake was (47.9±4.4) h, and the postoperative hospitalization length was (8.5±1.7) d. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 1 case (2.1%). No intra-abdominal and trocar infection, and obstruction were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The use of protective sleeve and the improvement of the method of intraperitoneal implantation can effectively reduce the abdominal contamination during the specimen extraction. It can be applied to big specimens as well.</p>
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In this research, we collected information of eighty nine sampling points of Isatidis Radix nationwide through data query and field survey, and the medicinal component contents of samples were determined by HPLC. By using Maxent Model and ArcGIS, along with ecological factor data, the national habitat suitability distribution of Isatidis Radix was predicted. R-language was adopted to establish a model of the relationship between the medicinal component contents and ecological factors. The medicinal quality was divided by ArcGIS grid computing. The results indicated that the three main ecological factors affecting the distribution of Isatidis Radix were precipitation in the driest season, mean annual temperature and mean temperature in the wet season. The suitable cultivation region of Isatidis Radix is mainly distributed in the north of China, but the medicinal quality is quite different, Isatidis Radix in Xinjiang province has higher medicinal quality. This study provides a reference for rational selection of planting areas of Isatidis Radix.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify a novel hemoglobinopathy applied by direct sequencing and clone sequencing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EDTA anticoagulated blood of proband and his parents were analyzed by hematology analyzers and Capillarys hemoglobin electrophoresis (CE). Then thalassemia genetypes were screened by gap-PCR and reverse dot blot (RDB). Proband was suspected with abnormal hemoglobin combine alpha beta compound thalassemia. The mutation of beta-globin was identified by direct sequencing and clone sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hb analysis showed that probands Hb A2 variant was eluted in Z (C) zone and his father's in Z (A2) zone on CE,and proband's mother elevated HbA2 of 4.6%. Screened by RDB, the proband was CD71-72(+A) homozygote and showed the mismatch with his parents. Through direct sequencing and clone sequencing, we deduced that our proband inherited the mutations of HBB c.[219T>A;220G>T] from his father and inherited the Southeast-Asian deletion and HBB c.216-217insA from his mother.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A novel double heterozygote of HBB c.[219T>A; 220G>T] was identified in south China. This mutation enriches the beta-thalassemia gene mutation spectrum in Chinese population.</p>
