Glucosa tetrasacárido como biomarcador diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Pompe: estudio en 35 pacientes / Tetra-saccharide glucose as a diagnostic biomarker for Pompe disease: A study with 35 patients

Fundamento y objetivos: La enfermedad de Pompe es un trastorno originado por la deficiencia de la enzima alfa glucosidasa ácida (GAA). En esta afección se produce un acúmulo de glucógeno lisosomal en diferentes tejidos, estando especialmente implicados los músculos esquelético y cardíaco. El diagnóstico de confirmación se realiza mediante identificación del déficit de GAA. Existen, además, otros biomarcadores diagnósticos secundarios, como la glucosa tetrasacárido (Glc4), que se muestra elevada en orina de estos pacientes. Así, con este trabajo queremos poner de manifiesto la utilidad de la Glc4 como biomarcador diagnóstico para la enfermedad de Pompe en sus diferentes formas de presentación, utilizando un método de high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, «cromatografía líquida de alta resolución») con detección ultravioleta (UV) adaptado para nuestro estudio. Pacientes y métodos: Hemos analizado un total de 75 individuos: 40 controles sanos y 35 pacientes diagnosticados de enfermedad de Pompe. Se han recogido muestras de orina de 24 h de todos ellos y se han determinado sus niveles de Glc4 mediante HPLC/UV. Resultados: La evaluación de la Glc4 urinaria muestra una gran capacidad de discriminación entre individuos sanos/enfermos. Además, los resultados obtenidos nos han permitido establecer el nivel de decisión o punto de corte más apropiado para la identificación de los enfermos. Coclusiones: Los niveles de Glc4 urinarios se encuentran elevados en los pacientes con enfermedad de Pompe, y aunque se encuentran incrementados en otras dolencias, la existencia de un déficit de GAA, junto a una clínica compatible, proporcionan una alta sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de esta grave enfermedad (AU)

Background and objectives: Pompe disease is a disorder originating from an acid alpha-glycosidase (AAG) enzyme deficiency. This disease produces an accumulation of lysosomal glycogen in different tissues, whereby the skeletal and heart muscles are especially involved. The established diagnosis is achieved through the identification of the AAG deficiency. There are also other secondary diagnostic biomarkers, such as tetra-saccharide glucose (Glc4), which shows high levels in the urine of these patients. In this study it is highlighted the usefulness of Glc4 as a diagnostic biomarker for Pompe disease in its different forms of presentation, using a high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV) adapted to the study. Patients and methods: A total of 75 individuals have been analyzed: 40 healthy controls and 35 patients diagnosed with Pompe disease. Twenty-four hour samples of urine were collected from all of the patients and their Glc4 levels were determined by means of PLC/UV. Results: The evaluation of the urinary Glc4 shows a high discrimination ability between healthy/sick individuals. In addition, the results obtained have allowed to establish the most appropriate level of decision or cut-off point for the identification of sick people. Conclusions: Glc4 urinary levels are found to be high in patients suffering from Pompe disease and even though increased levels are also found in other conditions, the existence of a AAG deficiency together with a compatible clinical symptoms, prove very helpful for a correct diagnosis of this serious disease (AU)

[Tetra-saccharide glucose as a diagnostic biomarker for Pompe disease: a study with 35 patients]. / Glucosa tetrasacárido como biomarcador diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Pompe: estudio en 35 pacientes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pompe disease is a disorder originating from an acid alpha-glycosidase (AAG) enzyme deficiency. This disease produces an accumulation of lysosomal glycogen in different tissues, whereby the skeletal and heart muscles are especially involved. The established diagnosis is achieved through the identification of the AAG deficiency. There are also other secondary diagnostic biomarkers, such as tetra-saccharide glucose (Glc4), which shows high levels in the urine of these patients. In this study it is highlighted the usefulness of Glc4 as a diagnostic biomarker for Pompe disease in its different forms of presentation, using a high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV) adapted to the study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 75 individuals have been analyzed: 40 healthy controls and 35 patients diagnosed with Pompe disease. Twenty-four hour samples of urine were collected from all of the patients and their Glc4 levels were determined by means of HPLC/UV. RESULTS: The evaluation of the urinary Glc4 shows a high discrimination ability between healthy/sick individuals. In addition, the results obtained have allowed to establish the most appropriate level of decision or cut-off point for the identification of sick people. CONCLUSIONS: Glc4 urinary levels are found to be high in patients suffering from Pompe disease and even though increased levels are also found in other conditions, the existence of a AAG deficiency together with a compatible clinical symptoms, prove very helpful for a correct diagnosis of this serious disease.