[Method of surgical treatment of patients with oculocutaneous albinism using artificial iris]. / Sposob khirurgicheskogo lecheniya patsientov s glazokozhnoi formoi al'binizma s primeneniem iskusstvennoi raduzhki.

Oculocutaneous albinism is a group of autosomal recessive disorders that directly affect the hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. According to the World Health Organization, albinism occurs in 1 out of 20 000 people in Europe and North America. Congenital changes in the organ of vision in albinism lead to a significant decrease in the visual functions of patients, worsening their quality of life. PURPOSE: To study the results of surgical treatment with implantation of an artificial iris as a diaphragm element in patients with albinism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article was based on the examination and treatment of 2 patients suffering from oculocutaneous albinism, which is characterized by hypopigmentation of the iris and retinal pigment epithelium of the retina, foveolar hypoplasia, low visual acuity, nystagmus, strabismus and excruciating photophobia. The patients were implanted an artificial iris in both eyes with fixation in the capsular bag in the first patient, and in the ciliary sulcus in the second. RESULTS: In both patients, complaints of photophobia and optical phenomena have ceased. Visual acuity increased to 0.2 and remained without regression throughout the entire period of observation. Intraocular pressure and hydrodynamic parameters also remained stable throughout the observation period. The artificial irises were observed by ultrabiomicroscopy to remain in a stable position both when it was implanted in the capsule bag, and when it was seamlessly fixed in the ciliary sulcus. CONCLUSION: The surgical interventions relieved patients from glare, at the same time improving visual acuity without correction, as well as achieving a pronounced cosmetic effect and visual rehabilitation. Artificial irises have proven to be a safe and effective way to treat patients with oculocutaneous albinism.

[Correction of ametropia with posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens]. / Korrektsiya ametropii s pomoshch'yu zadnekamernykh fakichnykh intraokulyarnykh linz.

Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation is a widely accepted and performed refractive surgery for correction of moderate and high myopia used when corneal laser ablation procedures are not suitable. This paper analyzes literature data to reveal the advantages and limitations of the technology.

[Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery]. / Tekhnologicheskoe osnashchenie khirurgii katarakty femtolazernym soprovozhdeniem.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) is a new chapter in the history of cataract surgery. The use of femtosecond laser allows automation of the main stages of operation such as capsulotomy, lens fragmentation and creation of corneal incisions; it improves predictability and safety of the procedure and improves refractive outcomes. This article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of the new technology based on literature data and authors' own experience.