Raising Funds Through Social Media to Subsidise Cervical Cancer Screening with HPV Testing in Rural Ghana-The Battor Experience.

Over 260,000 women die yearly from cervical cancer, mostly in low and middle-income countries. Molecular testing for high-risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is now the method of choice for cervical cancer screening. A limiting factor for HPV testing, however, is the cost in setting up and running the tests. Our objective was to reduce the cost of cervical cancer screening to rural folk by absorbing the initial cost of setting up. Crowdfunding was done through WhatsApp© and mobile money transfer. Individuals pledged amounts ranging from United States of America dollars ($) 2.6 to $3,769.2 (median = $25.6, Inter Quartile Range (IQR) = $12.8 to $38.5). Over four months $15,153 was raised to purchase the initial equipment for an HPV-based cervical cancer screening program. Crowdfunding is possible through a combination of WhatsApp© and mobile money transfer in low-resource settings. It obviates the need to organize gatherings requiring a budget and enables donors to become fundraisers.

Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana.

INTRODUCTION: This population-based study aimed to fill the knowledge gap on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and associated sociodemographic risk factors of the general population in the North Tongu District, Ghana. These results are needed to guide cervical cancer prevention efforts, as the leading type of female cancers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 2002 women in the North Tongu District, Ghana investigated HPV prevalence and associated sociodemographic risk factors. Women were recruited by geographical distribution through the local community-based health system and samples collected using a self-sampling device. For HPV genotyping BSGP5+/6+-PCR with Luminex-MPG readout was used. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed sociodemographic risk factors for HPV positivity. RESULTS: Of 2002 self-collected samples, 1943 were eligible, contained sufficient DNA and provided valid HPV genotyping results. Prevalence of single high risk HPV types was 32.3% and of multiple high risk types 9.7%. The five most common detected HPV types were HPV16 (7.4%; 95%CI: 6.3-8.7), HPV52 (7.2%; 95%CI: 6.1-8.5), HPV35 (4.8%; 95%CI: 3.9-5.8), HPV59 (4.7%; 95%CI: 3.8-5.8), HPV56 (3.9%; 95%CI: 3.1-4.8). Highest prevalence was observed among women aged 18-24 years, while age 25-54 years was inversely associated with high risk HPV positivity in multivariate analysis. Sociodemographic risk factors identified were i) having any sexual partner, ii) more partners increased the odds for high risk HPV positivity, iii) independently from this marital status, in particular not being married. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: Most importantly, the high risk HPV prevalence detected from this study is higher than estimates reported for Western Africa. This needs be considered, when deciding on the cervical cancer screening algorithms introduced on a wider scale. Follow-up and triage, depending on the methods chosen, can easily overburden the health system. Self-sampling worked well and provided adequate samples for HPV-based screening. Women with increasing number of sexual partners and not being married were found to have higher odds of being high risk HPV positive, therefore could be a higher prioritized screening target group.