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PURPOSE: This current study attempted to investigate whether one-stitch method (OM) of temporary ileostomy influenced the stoma-related complications after laparoscopic low anterior resection (LLAR). METHODS: We searched for eligible studies in four databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI from inception to July 20, 2023. Both surgical outcomes and stoma-related complications were compared between the OM group and the traditional method (TM) group. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was adopted for quality assessment. RevMan 5.4 was conducted for data analyzing. RESULTS: Totally 590 patients from six studies were enrolled in this study (272 patients in the OM group and 318 patients in the TM group). No significant difference was found in baseline information (P > 0.05). Patients in the OM group had shorter operative time in both the primary LLAR surgery (MD = - 17.73, 95%CI = - 25.65 to - 9.80, P < 0.01) and the stoma reversal surgery (MD = - 18.70, 95%CI = - 22.48 to -14.92, P < 0.01) than patients in the TM group. There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss of the primary LLAR surgery (MD = - 2.92, 95%CI = - 7.15 to 1.32, P = 0.18). Moreover, patients in the OM group had fewer stoma-related complications than patients in the TM group (OR = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.38 to 0.79, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The OM group had shorter operation time in both the primary LLAR surgery and the stoma reversal surgery than the TM group. Moreover, the OM group had less stoma-related complications.
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Ileostomía , Laparoscopía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Neoplasias del Recto , Humanos , Ileostomía/efectos adversos , Ileostomía/métodos , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Estomas Quirúrgicos/efectos adversos , Tempo Operativo , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
In this study, maize starch (A-type) and potato starch (B-type) were treated with ultrahigh magnetic fields (UMF) of different intensities (5 T and 15 T) to investigate their sensitivity to UMF by measuring changes in their structure and rheological properties. The results indicate that the crystallinity of A-type starch significantly decreases, reaching a minimum of 20.01 % at 5 T. In contrast, the crystallinity of B-type starch significantly increases, peaking at 21.17 % at 15 T, accompanied by a brighter polarized cross and a more perfect crystal structure. Additionally, B-type starch exhibited a significant increase in double helix content (from 32.67 % to 42.07 %), branching degree (from 1.96 % to 3.84 %), and R1022/995 (from 0.803 to 0.519), compared to A-type starch. B-type starch also showed a greater propensity for cross-linking reactions forming OCOR groups (from 0 % to 6.81 %), and its enthalpy change (∆H) increased substantially (from 19.28 J/g to 31.70 J/g), indicating a marked enhancement in thermal stability. Furthermore, the average hydrodynamic radius (Rh) decreased more for B-type starch, reflecting an increase in gel strength. These findings demonstrate that B-type starch is more sensitive to UMF than A-type starch. This study provides foundational data on the effects of UMF treatment on different crystalline starches, aiming to explore its potential applications in food and industrial fields.
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Discerning the mechanisms driving type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathophysiology from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) remains a challenge. To this end, we integrated omics information from 16 multi-tissue and multi-ancestry expression, protein, and metabolite quantitative trait loci (QTL) studies and 46 multi-ancestry GWAS for T2D-related traits with the largest, most ancestrally diverse T2D GWAS to date. Of the 1,289 T2D GWAS index variants, 716 (56%) demonstrated strong evidence of colocalization with a molecular or T2D-related trait, implicating 657 cis-effector genes, 1,691 distal-effector genes, 731 metabolites, and 43 T2D-related traits. We identified 773 of these cis- and distal-effector genes using either expression QTL data from understudied ancestry groups or inclusion of T2D index variants enriched in underrepresented populations, emphasizing the value of increasing population diversity in functional mapping. Linking these variants, genes, metabolites, and traits into a network, we elucidated mechanisms through which T2D-associated variation may impact disease risk. Finally, we showed that drugs targeting effector proteins were enriched in those approved to treat T2D, highlighting the potential of these results to prioritize drug targets for T2D. These results represent a leap in the molecular characterization of T2D-associated genetic variation and will aid in translating genetic findings into novel therapeutic strategies.
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Pinus is an important economic tree species, but pine wilt disease (PWD) seriously threatens the survival of pine trees. PWD caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major quarantine disease worldwide that causes significant economic losses. However, more information about its molecular pathogenesis is needed, resulting in a lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. In recent years, effectors have become a hot topic in exploring the molecular pathogenic mechanism of pathogens. Here, we identified a specific effector, BxNMP1, from B. xylophilus. In situ hybridization experiments revealed that BxNMP1 was specifically expressed in dorsal gland cells and intestinal cells, and RT-qPCR experiments revealed that BxNMP1 was upregulated in the early stage of infection. The sequence of BxNMP1 was different in the avirulent strain, and when BxNMP1-silenced B. xylophilus was inoculated into P. thunbergii seedlings, the disease severity significantly decreased. We demonstrated that BxNMP1 interacted with the thaumatin-like protein PtTLP-L2 in P. thunbergii. Additionally, we found that the ß-1,3-glucanase PtGLU interacted with PtTLP-L2. Therefore, we hypothesized that BxNMP1 might indirectly interact with PtGLU through PtTLP-L2 as an intermediate mediator. Both targets can respond to infection, and PtTLP-L2 can enhance the resistance of pine trees. Moreover, we detected increased salicylic acid contents in P. thunbergii seedlings inoculated with B. xylophilus when BxNMP1 was silenced or when the PtTLP-L2 recombinant protein was added. In summary, we identified a key virulence effector of PWNs, BxNMP1. It positively regulates the pathogenicity of B. xylophilus and interacts directly with PtTLP-L2 and indirectly with PtGLU. It also inhibits the expression of two targets and the host salicylic acid pathway. This study provides theoretical guidance and a practical basis for controlling PWD and breeding for disease resistance.
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Pinus , Enfermedades de las Plantas , Tylenchida , Pinus/parasitología , Animales , Enfermedades de las Plantas/parasitología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/genética , Tylenchida/patogenicidad , Tylenchida/genética , Virulencia , Proteínas del Helminto/metabolismo , Proteínas del Helminto/genética , Interacciones Huésped-Parásitos/genéticaRESUMEN
Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (N) deposition has increased significantly since the industrial revolution. Northern China has become a global hotspot for N deposition. However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the historical changes of atmospheric N deposition fluxes and source contributions in Northern China. By investigating N contents and δ15N values of mosses at Mount Tai (Northern China) in 1984 and 2021, we reconstructed fluxes and source contributions of wet inorganic N deposition and evaluated their historical changes. Compared with 1984, moss N contents (from 1.7 ± 0.3% to 2.1 ± 0.4%) showed a significant increase in 2021, which was mainly attributed to a significant increase in nitrate N deposition fluxes at Mount Tai. Moss δ15N values (from -5.9 ± 0.9 to -5.2 ± 2.4) showed a slight increase from 1984 to 2021 at Mount Tai. The importance of combustion-related NH3 (including vehicle exhaust, coal combustion, and biomass burning) in 2021 (51.2%) were higher than those in 1984 (43.9%), while the importance of volatilization NH3 sources (including waste and fertilizers) in 2021 (48.8%) were lower than those in 1984 (56.1%). It was fossil-fuel NOx (from vehicle exhaust and coal combustion) (54.1%) rather than non-fossil fuel NOx (from biomass burning and microbial N cycles) (45.9%) dominated NOx emissions in both 1984 and 2021. Our results revealed significant contributions of combustion-related NH3 and fossil-fuel NOx sources emissions to the elevation of N deposition at Mount Tai in Northern China, which are beneficial for mitigating N emissions and conducting ecological benefit assessments in Northern China.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Briófitas , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Nitrógeno , China , Briófitas/química , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Nitrógeno/análisis , Nitratos/análisisRESUMEN
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the pathogen of pine wilt disease, which can devastate the pine forest ecosystem. Usually, plant cells generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a defensive substance or signalling molecules to resist the infection of nematodes. However, little is known about how B. xylophilus effectors mediate the plant ROS metabolism. Here, we identified a pioneer B. xylophilus Prx3-interacting effector 1 (BxPIE1) expressed in the dorsal gland cells and the intestine. Silencing of the BxPIE1 gene resulted in reduced nematode reproduction and a delay in disease progression during parasitic stages, with the upregulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PtPR-3 (class â £ chitinase) and PtPR-9 (peroxidase). The protein-protein interaction assays further demonstrated that BxPIE1 interacts with a Pinus thunbergii class III peroxidase (PtPrx3), which produces H2O2 under biotic stress. The expression of BxPIE1 and PtPrx3 was upregulated during the infection stage. Furthermore, BxPIE1 effectively inhibited H2O2 generating from class III peroxidase and ascorbate can recover the virulence of siBxPIE1-treated B. xylophilus by scavenging H2O2. Taken together, BxPIE1 is an important virulence factor, revealing a novel mechanism utilized by nematodes to suppress plant immunity.
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BACKGROUND: The substitution of missing teeth with implants is a dependable and anticipated therapeutic approach. Despite numerous studies affirming long-term success rates, there exists a spectrum of potential biological and aesthetic complications. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to assess patient responses subsequent to surgical interventions, with a specific emphasis on the utilization of xenogenic collagen matrix (XCM), both with and without the application of a stent secured over healing abutments, in the context of keratinized gingival mucosa augmentation. The principal aim was to evaluate and draw comparisons between the clinical outcomes resulting from these two procedural approaches, with a particular focus on critical parameters encompassing post-operative complications, patient comfort, and the overall efficacy in achieving successful keratinized tissue augmentation. methods: Sixty patients were selected for this study. The patients were divided into three groups: A, B, and a control group, with each group comprising 20 participants. We used XCM in experimental group A, XCM covered with surgical stent in experimental group B, and free gingival graft (FGG) in the control group. After the surgical procedure, patients were required to complete a visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaire for post-operative complications, and a quality of life (QOL) questionnaire on days 1, 3, and 7. RESULTS: Patients in the experimental groups A and B demonstrated markedly improved outcomes when compared with the control group. Assessments conducted on days 1, 3, and 7 demonstrated diminished levels of pain, bleeding, and swelling in both experimental groups, with experimental group B showing the least discomfort. The incorporation of XCM, either with or without stents, was associated with a reduction in analgesic consumption, underscoring its favorable influence on post-operative comfort, notwithstanding the exception of halitosis in experimental group B. CONCLUSION: Using XCM with or without a stent for keratinized tissue augmentation has better post-operative outcomes associated with reduced swelling, bleeding, and pain based on the QOL survey. This study provides data to support the clinical application of XCM and stents.
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Nanozymes, as substitutes for natural enzymes, are constructed as cascade catalysis systems for biomedical applications due to their inherent catalytic properties, high stability, tunable physicochemical properties, and environmental responsiveness. Herein, a multifunctional nanozyme is reported to initiate cascade enzymatic reactions specific in acidic environments for resistant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) targeting eradication. The cobalt-coated Prussian blue analog based FPB-Co-Ch NPs displays oxidase-, superoxide dismutase-, peroxidase-, and catalase- mimicking activities that trigger ⢠O 2 - ${\mathrm{O}}_2^ - {\bm{\ }}$ and H2O2 to supply O2, thereby killing H. pylori in the stomach. To this end, chitosan is modified on the surface to exert bacterial targeted adhesion and improve the biocompatibility of the composite. In the intestinal environment, the cascade enzymatic activities are significantly inhibited, ensuring the biosafety of the treatment. In vitro, sensitive and resistant strains of H. pylori are cultured and the antibacterial activity is evaluated. In vivo, murine infection models are developed and its success is confirmed by gastric mucosal reculturing, Gram staining, H&E staining, and Giemsa staining. Additionally, the antibacterial capacity, anti-inflammation, repair effects, and biosafety of FPB-Co-Ch NPs are comprehensively investigated. This strategy renders a drug-free approach that specifically targets and kills H. pylori, restoring the damaged gastric mucosa while relieving inflammation.
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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in elderly patients with gastric cancer (GC). AIM: To evaluate the safety of ERAS in elderly patients with GC. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were used to search for eligible studies from inception to April 1, 2023. The mean difference (MD), odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were pooled for analysis. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale scores. We used Stata (V.16.0) software for data analysis. RESULTS: This study consists of six studies involving 878 elderly patients. By analyzing the clinical outcomes, we found that the ERAS group had shorter postoperative hospital stays (MD = -0.51, I2 = 0.00%, 95%CI = -0.72 to -0.30, P = 0.00); earlier times to first flatus (defecation; MD = -0.30, I² = 0.00%, 95%CI = -0.55 to -0.06, P = 0.02); less intestinal obstruction (OR = 3.24, I2 = 0.00%, 95%CI = 1.07 to 9.78, P = 0.04); less nausea and vomiting (OR = 4.07, I2 = 0.00%, 95%CI = 1.29 to 12.84, P = 0.02); and less gastric retention (OR = 5.69, I2 = 2.46%, 95%CI = 2.00 to 16.20, P = 0.00). Our results showed that the conventional group had a greater mortality rate than the ERAS group (OR = 0.24, I2 = 0.00%, 95%CI = 0.07 to 0.84, P = 0.03). However, there was no statistically significant difference in major complications between the ERAS group and the conventional group (OR = 0.67, I2 = 0.00%, 95%CI = 0.38 to 1.18, P = 0.16). CONCLUSION: Compared to those with conventional recovery, elderly GC patients who received the ERAS protocol after surgery had a lower risk of mortality.
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Pathogenic microorganisms can impact the behavior and physiology of herbivores by direct or indirect means. This study demonstrated that yellow peach moth Conogethes punctiferalis larvae feeding on Penicillium-infected apples exhibited significantly longer body length and weight parameters compared to the control group. The sequencing of gut 16S rRNA showed a significant increase in the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the larvae feeding on Penicillium-infected apples. Additionally, transcriptomic sequencing of the larval gut indicated significant upregulation of genes related to digestion and cuticle formation after consuming Penicillium-infected apples. Furthermore, enzyme activity assays revealed notable changes in the trypsin and lipase activity. Consequently, these alterations in gut microbiota structure, diversity, and gene expression levels may underlie the observed growth and developmental variations in C. punctiferalis larvae mediated by pathogenic microorganisms. This study holds theoretical significance for a deeper understanding of the tripartite interaction among microorganisms, insects, and plants as well as for the development of novel pest control measures based on gut microbiota.
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Malus , Mariposas Nocturnas , Animales , Malus/genética , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Larva , Bacterias/genética , Expresión GénicaRESUMEN
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An interesting question is how different are the molecular and phenotypic profiles between HBV-infected (HBV+) and non-HBV-infected (HBV-) HCCs? Based on the publicly available multi-omics data for HCC, including bulk and single-cell data, and the data we collected and sequenced, we performed a comprehensive comparison of molecular and phenotypic features between HBV+ and HBV- HCCs. Our analysis showed that compared to HBV- HCCs, HBV+ HCCs had significantly better clinical outcomes, higher degree of genomic instability, higher enrichment of DNA repair and immune-related pathways, lower enrichment of stromal and oncogenic signaling pathways, and better response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, in vitro experiments confirmed that HBV+ HCCs had higher immunity, PD-L1 expression and activation of DNA damage response pathways. This study may provide insights into the profiles of HBV+ and HBV- HCCs, and guide rational therapeutic interventions for HCC patients.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Virus de la Hepatitis B , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Humanos , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Fenotipo , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Hepatitis B/virología , Hepatitis B/complicaciones , Hepatitis B/genética , Inestabilidad Genómica , Reparación del ADN , MultiómicaRESUMEN
Primary defects in folding of mutant proinsulin can cause dominant-negative proinsulin accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), impaired anterograde proinsulin trafficking, perturbed ER homeostasis, diminished insulin production, and ß-cell dysfunction. Conversely, if primary impairment of ER-to-Golgi trafficking (which also perturbs ER homeostasis) drives misfolding of nonmutant proinsulin-this might suggest bi-directional entry into a common pathological phenotype (proinsulin misfolding, perturbed ER homeostasis, and deficient ER export of proinsulin) that can culminate in diminished insulin storage and diabetes. Here, we've challenged ß-cells with conditions that impair ER-to-Golgi trafficking, and devised an accurate means to assess the relative abundance of distinct folded/misfolded forms of proinsulin using a novel nonreducing SDS-PAGE/immunoblotting protocol. We confirm abundant proinsulin misfolding upon introduction of a diabetogenic INS mutation, or in the islets of db/db mice. Whereas blockade of proinsulin trafficking in Golgi/post-Golgi compartments results in intracellular accumulation of properly-folded proinsulin (bearing native disulfide bonds), impairment of ER-to-Golgi trafficking (regardless whether such impairment is achieved by genetic or pharmacologic means) results in decreased native proinsulin with more misfolded proinsulin. Remarkably, reversible ER-to-Golgi transport defects (such as treatment with brefeldin A or cellular energy depletion) upon reversal quickly restore the ER folding environment, resulting in the disappearance of pre-existing misfolded proinsulin while preserving proinsulin bearing native disulfide bonds. Thus, proper homeostatic balance of ER-to-Golgi trafficking is linked to a more favorable proinsulin folding (as well as trafficking) outcome.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Células Secretoras de Insulina , Ratones , Animales , Proinsulina/genética , Proinsulina/química , Pliegue de Proteína , Insulina/química , Retículo Endoplásmico , Homeostasis , Disulfuros/químicaRESUMEN
Three new monoterpene phenol dimers, bisbakuchiols V-X (1-3), and two bakuchiol ethers (4 and 5), along with four known compounds (6-9) were isolated from the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis. The absolute configurations of 1, 2, 4, and 5 were specified by quantum chemical calculations of ECD spectra.
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Fenol , Psoralea , Fenol/análisis , Frutas/química , Psoralea/química , Monoterpenos , Estructura Molecular , Fenoles/químicaRESUMEN
Objective:To evaluate the outcomes following the use of folded supraclavicular flap repaired hypopharyngeal combined neck skin defects. Methods:Folded supraclavicular flap were designed to repaired four cases of hypopharyngeal combined neck skin defects patients. Evaluate their repair effect ï¼3 men,1 woman; mean age:66 yearsï¼. Hypopharyngeal fistula from 3.2 cm×1.8 cm to 4.5 cm×3.8 cm,skin defects in the neck from 3.8 cm×2.2 cm to 5.1 cm×4.5 cm. The folded supraclavicular flap from 8 cm×5 cm to 13 cm×9 cm. Results:All flaps survived, head and neck appearance was satisfactory, and no patient experienced a major complication. All patients resumed an oral diet function. No fistula recurrence or stricture developed after 6-19 months of follow-up. Conclusion:The folded supraclavicular flap is a safe and effective flap Repaired for hypopharyngeal combined neck skin defects.
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Fístula , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Anciano , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Cuello/cirugía , Trasplante de Piel , Cabeza/cirugía , Fístula/cirugía , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The paper introduces professor YIN Kejing's clinical experience in treatment of cyclomastopathy. In pathogenesis, cyclomastopathy is relevant with dysfunction of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel, the stagnation of blood and phlegm and the stagnation of liver qi. The principle of treatment prefers to unblocking the circulation of qi and blood and adjusting the balance between yin and yang. In diagnosis, the unique meridian palpation is adopted. Regarding the treatment of cyclomastopathy, the accompanied needling at Tianchi (PC 1) is recommended in combination with the external application of herbal medicines, presenting the specific characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Terapia por Acupuntura , Meridianos , Inducción Percutánea del Colágeno , Medicina Tradicional ChinaRESUMEN
Mirror-image proteins (D-proteins) are useful in biomedical research for purposes such as mirror-image screening for D-peptide drug discovery, but the chemical synthesis of many D-proteins is often low yielding due to the poor solubility or aggregation of their constituent peptide segments. Here, we report a Lys-C protease-cleavable solubilizing tag and its use to synthesize difficult-to-obtain D-proteins. Our tag is easily installed onto multiple amino acids such as DLys, DSer, DThr, and/or the N-terminal amino acid of hydrophobic D-peptides, is impervious to various reaction conditions, such as peptide synthesis, ligation, desulfurization, and transition metal-mediated deprotection, and yet can be completely removed by Lys-C protease under denaturing conditions to give the desired D-protein. The efficacy and practicality of the new method were exemplified in the synthesis of two challenging D-proteins: D-enantiomers of programmed cell death protein 1 IgV domain and SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein, in high yield. This work demonstrates that the enzymatic cleavage of solubilizing tags under denaturing conditions is feasible, thus paving the way for the production of more D-proteins.
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Péptidos , Proteínas , Proteínas/química , Péptidos/química , Aminoácidos/química , Técnicas de Química Sintética/métodos , Péptido Hidrolasas , EndopeptidasasRESUMEN
Ten-eleven translocation protein 1 (Tet1) is associated with the regulation of depression-like behaviour in mice. However, the mechanism by which Tet1 affects neurogenesis in mice to regulate depression-like behaviours remains unclear. In this study, the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm was constructed by overexpressing Tet1 protein in the mouse hippocampus, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU, 50 mg/kg) was injected on the seventh day to explore the mechanism of the regulation of the Tet1/Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3)/Notch1 protein pathway in mice hippocampal neurogenesis and its influence on depression-like behaviour. Following CSDS, the expression level of Tet1 decreased significantly. Moreover, due to the downregulation of Tet1 protein, the maintenance of the DNA methylation and demethylation balance was affected, resulting in a significant increase in the methylation levels of Notch1 and DLL3 and a significant decrease in the protein expression levels of DLL3, Notch1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). At the same time, the proliferation and differentiation of neurones were affected, which was related to a significant decrease in the number of EdU+, doublecortin (DCX)+, and Ki67+ cells in the hippocampus of the CSDS model mice. When the Tet1 protein was overexpressed in the mouse hippocampus, DLL3 and Notch1 protein expression levels were upregulated, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviating depression-like behaviour in mice. These findings suggest that regulation of the hippocampal Tet1/DLL3/Notch1 protein pathway to influence neurogenesis may be a therapeutic strategy for depression.