[Clinical features of asthenic disorders in chronic heart failure]. / Klinicheskie osobennosti astenicheskikh rasstroistv pri khronicheskoi serdechnoi nedostatochnosti.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to study the clinical features of asthenic disorders in chronic heart failure (CHF) considering the reaction to the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 62 inpatients with CHF II-IV functional class (FC) according to NYHA were examined. Research methods included somatic, psychopathological and pathopsychological examination using psychometric scales. RESULTS: According to a pathopsychological study using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), asthenic disorders were discovered in all examined patients, realized mainly by «general fatigue¼ (75.8%) and «physical fatigue¼ (72.6%), more rarely «mental fatigue¼ was observed (32.2%). Correlations of «general fatigue¼ with the age of patients were revealed (p=0.018). There was a relationship between the severity of asthenic disorders and the severity of CHF, as evidenced by the correlation between «general fatigue¼ and reduced ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle (p=0.005), as well as «physical fatigue¼ and FC according to NYHA (p=0.022). The negative impact of all components of the dimensions of asthenic disorders on the quality of life was determined (p<0.05). According to the concept of the formation of different perceptions of the manifestations of a somatic disease, two types of reactions to asthenic disorders were identified: 1. Dissociative reactions, manifested by a discrepancy between the severity of CHF and a subjective assessment of the condition with an underestimation of the asthenic symptoms denial of its influence on the usual lifestyle and associated with an unfavorable course of CHF and 2. Adaptive reactions, realized by a harmonious perception of asthenia, awareness of the need to change lifestyle considering the presence of CHF symptoms. CONCLUSION: In accordance with the results, the described clinical features of asthenic disorders allow to distinguish asthenia in CHF and other pathology, and the identified types of reactions can contribute to the timely verification of asthenia, prevention of further progression of CHF, and the development of appropriate treatment approaches.

[Social and psychological risk factors for decreased adherence among patients with atrial fibrillation].

Adherence has a direct impact on reducing the effectiveness of atrial fibrillation therapy and increasing the risk of thromboembolic events. Among the factors involved in the decrease of adherence, the social and psychological characteristics of patients remain insufficiently studied. At the same time, the available publications allow us to conclude that there are markers of the risk of reduced adherence in patients with atrial fibrillation, which include age, cognitive impairment, psychoemotional disorders (including depression and anxiety) and specific behavioral patterns.

[Impact of anxiety disorders on adherence to anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation].

AIM: To evaluate the impact of anxiety disorders on adherence to anticoagulant therapy (ACT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 179 outpatients (131 women, 48 men, mean age 69.96.2 years) with AF were examined. The research methods included a physical examination according to the standards of medical care in an outpatient facility, clinical and psychopathological examination using psychometric scales. RESULTS: Based on the assessment of adherence to ACT using the MoriskyGreen test, 2 groups of patients were identified: Group 1 patients with high adherence to ACT, Group 2 patients with partial/low adherence to ACT. In group 1, anxiety disorders were verified in 51.7% of cases, in group 2 54.3%. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence and severity of anxiety in the study groups. In accordance with the binary logistic regression model, the probability of high adherence to therapy is determined by higher (compared with the group of patients with partial/low adherence to therapy) scores in terms of mental health (p0.001), vital activity (p=0.02) and the total score of the SF-36 scale (p=0.08), as well as the extraversion parameter (p=0.02) of the NEO-FFI scale. CONCLUSION: In the present study, no significant association was found between anxiety symptoms and a decrease in adherence to ACT in patients with AF. However, the results obtained suggest a contribution to the adherence to therapy of personality characteristics.

[Stress-induced atrial fibrillation]. / Stress-indutsirovannaia fibrilliatsiia predserdii.

AIM: To study clinical types of psychosomatic reactions with stress-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) and their contribution to personality disorders and characteristics of stressors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 34 patients with a stress-induced AF. A clinical/psychopathological method and psychometric scales were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Two groups of stress-induced psychosomatic reactions were identified. The first group somatic reactions led to a somatic catastrophe and were associated with paranoia and schizotypal personality disorders, constitutional alexithymia, as well as resistance to somatic problems. Second group was characterized by mental reactions leading to AF revealed predominantly in individuals with a histrionic and anxious personality disorders, reactive lability and the high level of neuroticism under the influence of severe stressors. The dynamics of psychopathological symptoms after AF manifestation was associated with different clinical forms of hypochondria.

[A retrospective historical study evaluating the safe use of current antidepressants in cardiology practice]. / Retrospektivnoe arkhivnoe issledovanie po otsenke bezo-pasnosti primeneniia sovremennykh antidepressantov v kardiologicheskoi praktike.

AIM: To confirm the data available in the literature on the cardiac safety of antidepressants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The archival data of 146 case histories were retrospectively analyzed. A study sample consisted of 96 cardiac inpatients regularly taking an antidepressant for more than 3 days during treatment for the underlying cardiovascular disease. The safe use of antidepressants was evaluated in terms of initial electrocardiogram (ECG) QTc interval changes, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) (SBP and DBP), heart rate (HR), and hemorrhagic complications. The data obtained over periods of 3- and 6-8 days were analyzed. RESULTS: The sample showed no clinically significant ECG QTc interval changes when taking regularly antidepressants within 8 days. Analysis of the dynamics of BP and HR in patients receiving antidepressants revealed no statistically significant differences in these indicators before and 3 and 6-8 days after drug administration. No case of hemorrhagic complications was seen in the study group taking antidepressants. CONCLUSION: The investigation generally confirms the high cardiac safety of new-generation antidepressants within at least the first week of therapy. Noteworthy are the low daily drug dosages (relatively specified in the instructions) that are sufficient for most cardiac patients with depressive disorders and an additional factor for minimizing adverse reactions.