Gene variants polymorphisms and uterine leiomyoma: an updated review.

Uterine leiomyoma, commonly referred to as fibroids, is a benign tumor that develops in the muscular wall of the uterus. These growths are non-cancerous and can vary in size, ranging from tiny nodules to larger masses. Uterine leiomyomas often occur during a woman's reproductive years and can lead to symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on nearby organs. While the exact cause is not fully understood, hormonal factors, particularly estrogen and progesterone, are believed to play a role in their development. The exploration of connections between genetic variants and uterine leiomyoma has captivated scientific attention for numerous years. The results from investigations remain a subject of intrigue within the scientific community. To date, the findings regarding the relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and uterine leiomyoma have exhibited some inconsistencies. However, amidst these inconsistencies, several promising outcomes have emerged that hold the potential to shape future research endeavors. These promising leads could pave the way for the development of innovative targeted therapies and novel prognostic biomarkers. This review specifically centers on accentuating the existing literature data concerning genetic variants that have been explored for their potential connections to uterine leiomyoma. Additionally, it underscores the prospects of employing genetic variations as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for individuals diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma.

Neuroprotective Activity of a Novel Synthetic Rhodamine-Based Hydrazone against Cu2+-Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Drosophila.

A new rhodamine-based probe 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde rhodamine hydrazone (RHTB) has been synthesized and well characterized using spectroscopic techniques and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Among several metal ions, it selectively detects Cu2+ ions as monitored by UV-Vis and emission spectral titrations. It displays "turn on" behavior owing to the opening of a spirolactum ring and the presence of 3,5-di-tert-butyl as an electron releasing group. Further, Cu2+ ions play a pivotal role in extracellular aggregation of Aß42 peptides. So far, we know probably that there are no promising drugs available in this regard. Hence, countering the Cu2+ ions by RHTB chelation against orally administered Cu2+ ion-induced neurotoxicity in the eye tissue of Drosophila expressing human Aß42 (amyloid-ß42) has been tested. The present study involves in vivo and in silico approaches. They reveal the therapeutic potential of RHTB against Cu2+ ion-induced Aß42 toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of Drosophila.

Costochondral Graft as Interpositional material for TMJ Ankylosis in Children: A Clinical Study.

ABSTRACT: TMJ ankylosis is one of the most disruptive anomaly that affects the masticatory system. The inability to move the mandible has significant functional ramification, such as the inability to eat a normal diet. Additionally, speech is affected, making it difficult for some individuals to communicate and express themselves to others. As there are several biologic and anatomic similarities to the mandibular condyles, autogenous costochondral grafts have been considered to be the most acceptable tissue for temporomandibular joint reconstruction. In addition donor site complications are infrequent and regeneration of the rib usually occurs within a year post operatively in children. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the function of costochondral grafts to replace the mandibular condyles and to assess the position, growth, overgrowth, function, success, failure and resorption of costochondral grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten TMJ ankylosis patients were operated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly. Out of the 10 cases 6 were male patients and 4 female patients in age group of ≤14 years; of which 8 patients were of unilateral TMJ ankylosis and 2 were of bilateral TMJ ankylosis. All ten patients underwent interpositional gap arthroplasty with reconstruction of the condyle by costochondral graft. RESULTS: All patients with costochondral grafts had improved mandibular symmetry and growth with adequate mouth opening. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that using costochondral grafts to reconstruct TMJ ankylosis in children provides a good result.