Antecedentes y objetivo Las opiniones de los pacientes sobre las acciones y efectos secundarios de los fármacos pueden evaluarse con la escala Perceived Sensivity to Medicines (PSM). El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir y adaptar la escala PSM para su uso en población española. Materiales y métodos Se realizó la traducción y adaptación cultural de la escala PSM y un pretest de la versión española con 50 pacientes atendidos en consultas externas de diferentes especialidades. Resultados No hubo dificultades en las etapas del proceso de traducción y adaptación. En la entrevista cognitiva, los participantes encontraron fácil de entender los 5 ítems (puntuación media de 3,86±0,24 sobre 4). Conclusiones Dada su brevedad, la versión española de la escala PSM constituye una herramienta de fácil aplicación tanto para propósitos de investigación como clínicos (AU)
Background and objective Patients views regarding the actions and side effects of medicines can be measured with the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines (PSM) scale. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the PSM scale for use in the Spanish population. Materials and methods The translation and cultural adaptation of the PSM scale and a pretest of the Spanish version were carried out with 50 patients receiving outpatient care in various specialties. Results There were no difficulties in the stages of the translation and adaptation process. In the cognitive interview, participants found the five items easy to understand (mean score of 3.86±0.24 out of 4). Conclusion Given its brevity, the Spanish version of the PSM scale represents an easily applicable tool for both research and clinical purposes (AU)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Translations , Reproducibility of Results
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients' views regarding the actions and side effects of medicines can be measured with the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines (PSM) scale. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the PSM scale for use in the Spanish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The translation and cultural adaptation of the PSM scale and a pretest of the Spanish version were carried out with 50 patients receiving outpatient care in various specialties. RESULTS: There were no difficulties in the stages of the translation and adaptation process. In the cognitive interview, participants found the five items easy to understand (mean score of 3.86±0.24 out of 4). CONCLUSION: Given its brevity, the Spanish version of the PSM scale represents an easily applicable tool for both research and clinical purposes.
Cross-Cultural Comparison , Translations , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results
Se presenta un caso de un síndrome de Haglund que cursa con dolor en retropié y se manifiesta con la tríada de tendinitis aquílea, bursitis retrocalcánea y deformidad de Haglund.Se diagnosticó clínica y radiológicamente (radiografía y ecografía) y la paciente recibió tratamiento conservador, con buena evolución.(AU)
We report a case of Haglund's syndrome that presents with hindfoot pain and the triad of Achilles tendinitis, retrocalcaneal bursitis and Haglund's lesion.This was diagnosed clinically and radiologically (x-ray and ultrasound) and the patient received conservative treatment with good course.(AU)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Foot Diseases , Heel , Tendinopathy , Bursitis , Exostoses , Calcaneus , Heel Spur , Heel Spur/diagnostic imaging , Heel Spur/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Symptom Assessment , Family Practice
The advantage of stepped vitrification (SV) is avoiding ice crystal nucleation, while decreasing the toxic effects of high cryoprotectant concentrations. We aimed to test this method for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Ovarian cortex was taken from 7 fertile adult women. Samples were subjected to an SV protocol performed in an automatic freezer, which allowed sample transfer to ever higher concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the temperature was reduced. Histological evaluation of the vitrified-warmed tissue showed large numbers of degenerated follicles after 24 hours of in vitro culture. We therefore evaluated DMSO perfusion rates by X-ray computed tomography, ice crystal formation by freeze-substitution, and cell toxicity by transmission electron microscopy, seeking possible reasons why follicles degenerated. Although cryoprotectant perfusion was considered normal and no ice crystals were formed in the tissue, ultrastructural analysis detected typical signs of DMSO toxicity, such as mitochondria degeneration, alterations in chromatin condensation, cell vacuolization and extracellular matrix swelling in both stromal and follicular cells. The findings indicated that the method failed to preserve follicles due to the high concentrations of DMSO used. However, adaptations can be made to avoid toxicity to follicles caused by elevated levels of cryoprotectants.
Cryopreservation/methods , Cryoprotective Agents/pharmacology , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology , Ovarian Follicle/drug effects , Vitrification , Adult , Female , Humans
El informe se estructura en capítulos que describen diferentes dimensiones de la salud de los y las adolescentes del país. En el primer capitulo se describen las fuentes que utilizaron para el diagnostico. Los capítulos siguientes abordan en forma sucesiva la dimensión sociodemográfica, la situación de salud enfermedad, incluyendo la salud sexual y reproductiva, la alimentación, la actividad física, la salud mental, las violencias, el consumo de sustancias y la mortalidad de los y las adolescentes y el acceso a los servicios de salud
Adolescent , Adolescent , Statistical Data , Disease , Reproductive Health
Objetivo: La experiencia de vivir a diario con la diabetes puede incidir negativamente en la calidad de vida de las personas con esta enfermedad y de sus familiares. En este trabajo presentamos los resultados del estudio DAWN2 para España en relación con la calidad de vida y el bienestar emocional de las personas con diabetes y sus familiares. Métodos: El estudio DAWN2 es un estudio observacional transversal. En este trabajo hemos utilizado la muestra española de pacientes (N=502) y familiares (N=123). Resultados: El 13,9% de los pacientes presenta riesgo de una posible depresión, y un 50,0% de las personas con diabetes y el 45,5% de los familiares refieren un alto nivel de estrés emocional asociado a la diabetes. Conclusiones: Las personas con diabetes experimentan altos niveles de estrés y el impacto psicosocial de la diabetes alcanza también a los familiares (AU)
Objective: The daily experience of living with diabetes can adversely affect the quality of life of people with diabetes and their families. We present the results for Spain of the DAWN2 study related to quality of life and wellbeing of patients and their families. Methods: The DAWN2 study is an observational, cross-sectional study. In the present study, we used the Spanish sample of patients (N=502) and their relatives (N=123). Results: A total of 13.9% of patients were at risk of possible depression while 50.0% of people with diabetes and 45.5% of family members reported a high level of diabetes-related emotional stress. Conclusions: People with diabetes experience high levels of stress and the psychosocial impact of diabetes also affects family members (AU)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology , Hypoglycemia , Stress, Psychological , Depressive Disorder , Epidemiological Monitoring/trends , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Quality of Life , Adaptation, Psychological , Family Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Spain/epidemiology
OBJECTIVE: The daily experience of living with diabetes can adversely affect the quality of life of people with diabetes and their families. We present the results for Spain of the DAWN2 study related to quality of life and wellbeing of patients and their families. METHODS: The DAWN2 study is an observational, cross-sectional study. In the present study, we used the Spanish sample of patients (N=502) and their relatives (N=123). RESULTS: A total of 13.9% of patients were at risk of possible depression while 50.0% of people with diabetes and 45.5% of family members reported a high level of diabetes-related emotional stress. CONCLUSIONS: People with diabetes experience high levels of stress and the psychosocial impact of diabetes also affects family members.
Affective Symptoms/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Adult , Affective Symptoms/epidemiology , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Health , Family Relations , Female , Humans , Hypoglycemia/chemically induced , Hypoglycemia/psychology , Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Sickness Impact Profile , Spain/epidemiology , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Young Adult
It has been observed that victims of accidental overexposures show better chance of survival if they receive medical treatment early. The increased risk of scenarios involving mass casualties has stimulated the scientific community to develop tools that would help the medical doctors to treat victims. The biological dosimetry has become a routine test to estimate the dose, supplementing physical and clinical dosimetry. In case of radiation emergencies, in order to provide timely and effectively biological dosimetry assistance it is essential to guarantee an adequate transport of blood samples in principal, for providing support to countries that do not have biodosimetry laboratories. The objective of the present paper is to provide general guidelines, summarised in 10 points, for timely and proper receiving and sending of blood samples under National and International regulations, for safe and expeditious international transport. These guidelines cover the classification, packaging, marking, labelling, refrigeration and documentation requirements for the international shipping of blood samples and pellets, to provide assistance missions with a tool that would contribute with the preparedness for an effective biodosimetric response in cases of radiological or nuclear emergencies.
Body Burden , Guidelines as Topic , Radiation Injuries/diagnosis , Radiometry/methods , Risk Assessment , Safety Management/methods , Transportation , Humans , International Agencies , Time Factors
Background: The Work-Family Culture Scale (WFCS) was designed to assess employee perceptions of the extent to which their organizations facilitates a work-family balance. The WFCS comprises three dimensions: Oorganizational time demands, Managerial support and Negative career consequences. Method: The primary purpose of the present study was to analyze the factor structure and reliability of the Spanish version of the Work-Family Culture Scale in a sample of 795 employees (447 females and 348 males) working for twenty-three firms in the Spanish advertising sector. Results: Both EFA and CFA using split-half data sets yielded an 11-item three-factor model (Managerial support, Career consequences and Organizational time demands) that fits the data very well. The findings for structural equation modeling were as follows: X2(41)= 63.85; CFI= .99; GFI= .97; and RMSEA= .038. Conclusions: Internal consistency for the WFCS factors proved adequate. The results of the analysis indicate that this three-factor model confirms previous exploratory analyses of the original scale(AU)
Antecedentes: la Work-Family Culture Scale (WFCS) fue desarrollada para evaluar las percepciones de los empleados acerca del grado en que sus organizaciones facilitan el equilibrio entre las responsabilidades laborales y familiares de sus trabajadores. La WFCS evalúa tres componentes: demandas o expectativas organizacionales de tiempo, apoyo de la supervisión o dirección y consecuencias negativas para la carrera. Método: el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la estructura factorial y la fiabilidad de la versión española de la WFCS en una muestra de 795 trabajadores (447 mujeres y 348 varones) pertenecientes a 23 empresas del sector publicitario español. Resultados: los análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio resultaron en un modelo de tres factores que se ajustaba a los datos X2(41)= 63.85; CFI= .99; GFI= .97; y RMSEA= .038. Conclusiones: la consistencia interna de los factores fue adecuada. Los resultados indican que la versión española de la WFCS posee una estructura similar a la escala original(AU)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards , Occupational Health Services/methods , Social Work/methods , 16054/psychology , 16360 , Family/psychology , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Occupational Health/education , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires
BACKGROUND: The Work-Family Culture Scale (WFCS) was designed to assess employee perceptions of the extent to which their organizations facilitates a work-family balance. The WFCS comprises three dimensions: Oorganizational time demands, Managerial support and Negative career consequences. METHOD: The primary purpose of the present study was to analyze the factor structure and reliability of the Spanish version of the Work-Family Culture Scale in a sample of 795 employees (447 females and 348 males) working for twenty-three firms in the Spanish advertising sector. RESULTS: Both EFA and CFA using split-half data sets yielded an 11-item three-factor model (Managerial support, Career consequences and Organizational time demands) that fits the data very well. The findings for structural equation modeling were as follows: χ(2) (41) = 63.85; CFI = .99; GFI = .97; and RMSEA = .038. CONCLUSIONS: Internal consistency for the WFCS factors proved adequate. The results of the analysis indicate that this three-factor model confirms previous exploratory analyses of the original scale.
Advertising , Cultural Characteristics , Family , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Work , Adult , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Middle Aged
La cantidad de foros de Internet dedicados a problemas de salud se ha incrementado en los últimos años. No obstante, el estudio sobre la naturaleza y tipología de estos foros en lengua española es escaso. Este estudio examina la disponibilidad en Internet de foros sobre problemas de salud en función del tipo de foro y de la enfermedad a la que se dirigen, así como averiguar si este patrón de representatividad en la red en función del problema de salud es reflejo del encontrado en los grupos de apoyo tradicionales. Se localizaron 913 foros de Internet y 249 grupos de apoyo cara a cara dedicados a 20 problemas de salud diferentes. El análisis de frecuencias mostró diferencias en el número de foros virtuales localizados en función del tipo de foro y del problema de salud. El número de foros libres fue superior al de los vinculados a asociaciones y a los moderados por profesionales de salud. La obesidad, el SIDA, la anorexia, la ansiedad y el cáncer parecen ser los problemas de salud que cuentan con más grupos de autoayuda en la red. La mayor representatividad de estos problemas de salud es similar a la encontrada en los grupos de autoayuda cara a cara (AU)
The number of internet discussion forums for health problems increased in recent years. However, the study about characteristics and typology of internet forums created for Spanish-speaking users is scarce. This study is aimed to examine the availability of health-related Internet forums by type of forum and by illness and to find out if a comparable pattern emerges when comparing with the availability of face-to-face support groups for these health problems. Nine hundred thirteen Internet forums and 249 face-to-face support groups for 20 health problems were located. Results showed differences in the number of Internet forums by type of forum and by health problem. We found more non moderated web-forums than moderated ones. Obesity, AIDS, anorexia, anxiety and cancer were the health problems with more Internet forums. The same pattern was found when comparing with the number of existing face-to-face support groups for these health problems (AU)
Internet , Consumer Health Information/trends , User-Computer Interface , Libraries, Digital , /trends
Los foros de internet se han convertido en una alternativa de comunicación atractiva para muchas personas con problemas de salud como los trastornos psicológicos. El análisis de los mensajes intercambiados en estos foros proporciona información sobre el estilo de comunicación y el patrón de expresión emocional de sus usuarios. Este estudio exploratorio se dirige a comparar el uso del lenguaje en los mensajes intercambiados ente los participantes de dos foros proporciona información sobre el estilo de comunicación y el patrón de expresión emocional de sus usuarios. Este estudio exploratorio se dirige a comparar el uso del lenguaje en los mensajes intercambiados entre los participantes de dos foros de internet para problemas psicológicos: un foro dedicado a problemas de ansiedad y otro sobre depresión. Se analizaron 340 mensajes (170 procedentes de un grupo de ansiedad y 170 de un grupo de depresión) mediante el programa LIWC, basado en el recuento de palabras y clasificación según su pertenencia a distintas categorías (procesos afectivos, procesos sociales , funciones físicas, etc). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en el uso del lenguaje de los usuarios en función del foro (ansiedad o depresión ) (AU)
Internet forums have become an attractive communication alternative for many people with health problems such as psychological disorders. The analysis of exchanged messages in Internet forums provides information about users ´communication styles. In this exploratory study we analyze and compare language use in the exchanged messages between participants in two Internet forums on psychological problems: one for anxiety problems and another for depression. Three hundred and forty messages were analyzed (170 from the anxiety group and 170 forms the depression group) through LIWC program, which is based on word count and classification according to different categories (affective and social processes, physical functions, etc). Results showed significant differences in participants language use when comparing both forums (anxiety or depression) (AU)
Humans , Discussion Forums , Anxiety , Depression , Terminology as Topic , Webcasts as Topic
In order to effectively respond to and minimize the psychological impact following disasters, such as radio-nuclear ones, it is essential to understand the mechanisms involved in such conditions and how to prevent and treat the psychological impacts, including those related to acute traumatic stress and its consequences across life span. Radio-nuclear emergencies may cause psychological traumatic stress, with its potentially significant consequences in mental health, with both short and long-term effects, which extend beyond the individuals directly affected. Ionizing radiation cannot be perceived by human senses and most people are unaware of the magnitude of its effects, which could result in feelings of helplessness and vulnerability. Those situations with a high degree of uncertainty, regarding potential future health effects, are more psychologically traumatic than others. The present century has witnessed a steady increase in the number of publications concerning the mental health impact of traumatic events, showing the need of increasing the study of traumatic stress and its impact on mental health. A prompt, planned and effective response to manage disaster-induced acute traumatic stress may prevent the evolutionary reactions of traumatic stress into disorders or even chronic stress diseases that can appear after a nuclear or radiological emergency.
Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Radiation Injuries/complications , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy , Stress Disorders, Traumatic/therapy , Civil Defense , Disaster Planning , Disasters , Emergencies , Humans , Radiation Injuries/psychology , Radiation, Ionizing , Radioactive Hazard Release , Relief Work , Rescue Work/methods
This study aims to examine the relation between the degree of dissimilarity in patients' and relatives' perception of eating disorders (ED) and patient adjustment. Sixty ED patients and their relatives were interviewed. They completed the Spanish version for ED of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). Patients who agreed with their relatives that their illness was highly distressful, a chronic condition and with high identity, showed higher psychological distress than patients who did not agree with their relatives. When patients and relatives had fairly positive perceptions of illness controllability and curability, these patients showed lower levels of depression and anxiety.
Family/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Outpatients/psychology , Perception , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
El Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire -IPQ-R- se diseñó para evaluar las dimensiones cognitiva y emocional de las representaciones de la enfermedad desde el modelo de autorregulación de sentido común. El IPQ-R consta de tres secciones. Dos escalas que miden la dimensión de identidad y la de causas y otra sección que evalúa las dimensiones de duración (aguda/crónica), curso cíclico, consecuencias, control personal, control del tratamiento, coherencia y representaciones emocionales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la estructura factorial y la fiabilidad de la versión española del IPQ-R en una muestra de 170 pacientes con hipertensión (25-75 años). Los análisis resultaron en cinco factores que explicaron el 67,33% de la varianza de los ítems causales y una solución de cinco factores que englobaba las dimensiones de control, coherencia, curso cíclico, duración y representaciones emocionales (76,89% de la varianza). La consistencia interna de las subescalas del IPQ-R fue adecuada
The Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire -IPQ-R- was designed to assess the cognitive and emotional domains of illness representations in the common-sense model of self-regulation. The IPQ-R contains three sections. Two scales measuring identity and causal dimensions and a remaining section assessing timeline acute/chronic, timeline cyclical, consequences, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence and emotional representations dimensions. The main purpose of the present study was the analysis about the factor structure and reliability of the Spanish version of the IPQ-R in a sample of 170 patients with hypertension (27-75 yrs old). The analysis revealed five factors which accounted for 67,33% of the variance of the causal items and a five-factor solution including control, coherence, timeline cyclical, timeline acute/chronic and emotion dimensions (76,89% of the variance). Internal consistency for the IPQ-R subscales were adequate
Humans , Hypertension/psychology , Attitude to Health , Self Concept , Sick Role , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Surveys and Questionnaires , Psychometrics/methods
Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio preliminar relativos a la consistencia interna, estructura factorial y análisis de ítems del 'Cuestionario de Interacción Personal Sanitario-Padres de Niños con Diabetes' (C.I.PE.PA.N.DI), una prueba que evalúa la interacción percibida entre padres de niños diabéticos y los profesionales de salud. 153 padres, 88 madres y 65 padres, de niños con diabetes insulino-dependiente (DMID) completaron el cuestionario. Se halló la consistencia interna de la versión de 30 ítems (alpha de Cronbach=0,95) con correlaciones ítem-test altas. Los análisis resultaron en un factor principal que explicó el 40,99 por ciento de la varianza. Concluimos que se trata de un prometedor instrumento para evaluar la interacción entre los profesionales de salud y los padres de niños con DMID y proponemos futuros estudios para analizar otros índices de fiabilidad y validez (AU)
Adult , Female , Male , Child , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , /methods , Psychometrics/methods , Pilot Projects , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Analysis of Variance , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology , Social Class , Perception , Parent-Child Relations , Parents/education , Parents/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology
