Carcinoma gástrico con estroma linfoide: 3 entidades clínico-patológicas / Gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma: 3 clinicopathological entities

Los carcinomas gástricos con estroma linfoide son un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias mal caracterizadas que históricamente no se han clasificado en entidades clínico-patológicas distintas. Conocer los criterios diagnósticos e identificarlos tiene una importancia relevante tanto clínica como pronóstica. Analizamos 13 casos de pacientes con carcinomas gástricos con estroma linfoide. Con criterios histopatológicos, inmunofenotípicos y moleculares, se definieron 3 subtipos (patrón 1, 2 y 3). Realizamos inmunohistoquímica para caracterizar las poblaciones linfoides (CD3, CD4, CD8 y CD20), para analizar la expresión de virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB) y la expresión de proteínas reparadoras del ADN. El objetivo de este estudio es definir criterios útiles que permitan distinguir estas inusuales lesiones y estudiar el inmunofenotipo de las poblaciones linfoides (AU)

Gastric carcinomas with lymphoid stroma comprise a heterogeneous group of incompletely characterized neoplasms that have not as yet been classified as different clinico-pathological entities. We analysed 13 cases of gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma in order to establish diagnostic criteria for their identification. We defined 3 different subtypes (patterns 1, 2 and 3) based on histopathologic, immunophenotypic and molecular criteria. Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify lymphoid populations (CD 3, CD4, CD8 and CD20), the presence of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and the expression of DNA mismatch repair proteins. Our aim is to define criteria that are helpful in the differential diagnosis of these unusual lesions and to clarify the immunophenotype of their lymphoid population (AU)

Carcinoma gástrico de tipo linfoepitelioma: criterios diagnósticos / Gastric lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: diagnostic criteria

El carcinoma gástrico tipo linfoepitelioma es una entidad poco frecuente y mal caracterizada. Históricamente no se ha considerado una entidad como tal y frecuentemente se ha utilizado como sinónimo del carcinoma medular y del carcinoma gástrico convencional con estroma linfoide. Diferenciar esta entidad tiene mucha relevancia tanto clínica como pronóstica. Se describe un caso de un hombre de 77 años con una lesión ulcerada en fundus. El examen histológico reveló unas estructuras neoplásicas glandulares acompañadas de un marcado estroma linfoide. Dicha lesión presentó intensa expresión del virus de Epstein-Barr, expresión de las proteínas reparadoras del ADN y una distribución característica de las poblaciones linfoides. El objetivo de este estudio es definir criterios útiles que permitan distinguir esta inusual lesión y estudiar el inmunofenotipo de las poblaciones linfoides (AU9

Gastric lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is a rare and poorly characterized condition which historically has not been considered a specific entity, usually being considered synonymous with medullary carcinoma and conventional gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma. However, the differentiation of this entity is of clinical and prognostic importance. We report a case of a 77 year old man who presented with a gastric ulcer in the fundus. Histological examination revealed the presence of neoplastic glandular structures with marked lymphoid stroma. The immunohistochemical staining showed strong expression for Epstein-Barr virus and DNA repair proteins with a distinctive lymphoid cell distribution. The aim of our study is to determine criteria useful in the recognition of this unusual condition and assess the inmunophenotype of the lymphoid population (AU)

Hemopericardio en infarto agudo de miocardio fibrinolisado secundario a disección coronaria espontánea / Haemopericardium in a fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction secondary to a spontaneous coronary artery dissection

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Immunohistochemical organization patterns of the follicular dendritic cells, myofibroblasts and macrophages in the human spleen--new considerations on the pathological diagnosis of splenectomy pieces.

There is reliable information about how changes in spleen histology are influenced by the relationship among B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and myofibroblasts. Moreover, if it can be applied in the day-by-day pathology laboratory. This work intends to elucidate morpho-functional aspects of relationships of these cells in the different spleen compartments, how they are influenced by pathological conditions and how basic immunohistochemical techniques could optimize the histopathological diagnosis. We analyzed the usefulness of the monoclonal antibodies CD45RO, CD20, CD21, CD35, CD68, caldesmon, the smooth muscle alpha-actin type 1 (SMA-1) in 91 specimens. CD21(+) CD35(+) follicular dendritic cells were organized into three patterns in agreement with the immune condition of the lymphoid follicle. Smooth muscle alpha-actin type 1(+)and caldesmon(+)myofibroblasts draw two double rings: marginal-perifollicular and germinal-marginal. The latter is closely related to T-cells. CD68(+)red pulp macrophages had clear and linear configuration. The interruption of this CD68(+) linear pattern in splenic marginal zone lymphoma cases could be a criterion to differentiate it from reactive hyperplasia. CD45RO, CD20, CD21, CD68 and SMA-1 provide a basic and quality immunohistochemical battery for a better comprehension of the human spleen and could improve its histopathological diagnosis.

Decreased expression of calcium receptor in parathyroid tissue in patients with hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure.

The response of parathyroid cells to serum calcium is regulated by a calcium-sensing receptor protein (CaR). In patients with chronic renal failure, hypocalcemia contributes to the parathyroid hyperplasia and increased parathyroid hormone secretion characteristic of secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT). However, patients with uremia also display reduced sensitivity to extracellular calcium; this seems to be owing to an alteration of the receptor mechanism. This study examined calcium receptor expression in the parathyroid tissue of patients with sHPT, using immunohistochemical techniques and comparison with normal tissue and parathyroid glands of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In all the glands studied, immunostaining was more intense in chief cells than in oxyphilic, transitional, and clear cells. The parathyroid glands of patients with sHPT displayed significantly reduced expression of CaR with respect to morphologically normal ones; a very similar reduction is reported in adenomas. Furthermore, in glands displaying multinodular hyperplasia, expression was less marked in nodule-forming cells than in internodular areas. The decreased expression of calcium receptors in the parathyroid tissue of uremic patients was thought to be owing to the different cell populations present; these parathyroid glands contained predominantly transitional, oxyphilic, and clear cells, which normally express fewer receptors than chief cells, which are more abundant in normal glands.