The molecular and genetic aspects of adolescent girls anomalous uterine bleeding: the role of endothelial dysfunction syndrome.

The objective of the study is to assess NOS3 and ESR1 gene polymorphism in adolescent girls born with low birth weight (LBW) and suffered by anomalous uterine bleeding (AUB). A total 95 adolescent girls were studied including 32 born with LBW and AUB; 36 girls with normal birth weight and AUB; and 27 healthy girls. Single allele gene polymorphism NOS3 786T > C, 894G > T, ESR1 351A > G and 397T > C was studied. The existence of polymorphous allele С gene NOS3 786Т > С (for homozygote OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.12-3.68; p = 0.04; for heterozygote OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09-2.60; p = 0.046) and genotype Pvull-CC ESR1 (OR = 4.58; 95% CI: 0.97-21.68; p = 0.04) was detected in LBW girls with AUB. It was suggested that intrauterine programming of endothelial dysfunction syndrome could play a significant role in the development of AUB in adolescent girls born with LBW.

[Clinical and gender characteristics of tobacco dependence in addiction psychiatrists]. / Klinicheskie i gendernye osobennosti tabachnoi zavisimosti u narkologov.

AIM: To study clinical and gender characteristics of tobacco dependence in addiction treatment specialists in comparison with physicians of other specialties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 21 addiction psychiatrists and 154 doctors of various therapeutic specialties were examined. All physicians were stratified into two groups and then each group was subdivided into male and female subgroups. A questionnaire developed by one of the authors and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence were used for standardization of the study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In addiction psychiatrists, the prevalence of tobacco dependence among female addiction psychiatrists was higher than that of the female doctors of other specialties. Persistent smoking was formed earlier, and awareness of the urge to smoke appeared later compared to physicians of other specialties. The degree of tobacco dependence was higher in addiction psychiatrists of both genders. Affective component was dominated in the tobacco withdrawal syndrome in female addiction psychiatrists.

[On the impact of winter conditions on the dynamics of a population with non-overlapping generations: a model approach].

The authors propose new type of models with non-overlapping generations. It is assumed that during winter period individuals are not active (as, for example, in insect populations in boreal forests) and some portion of population dyes. However the portion of population, that survives, Q, indirectly depends on feeding conditions in previous growing season. In the formal terms, Q = Q(u) is a decreasing function of the mean population size u (i.e., of the integral) over the growing period, and traditional discrete-time model therefore turns into a discrete-continuous one. Under any constant birth rate Y, the model is reduced to a discrete one in its general form, and a general result consists in global stability of the zero solution for any Y < 1, e.t., in population extinction from any initial state. In particular cases of dependence of Q(u) and different types of population self-limitation during growing season the general model results in a great variety of discrete models (including well known Moran-Ricker and Skellam models). For logistic growth of population during the growing season and exponential decrease in Q(u), the condition is obtained for a non-trivial steady state to exist, and the outcome is presented for bifurcation analysis with regard to parameter Y: cycles with typical period-doubling and chaotic dynamics.

[Effect of deuteration on methanol dehydrogenase activity in Methylophilus sp. B-7741]. / Vliianie deiterirovaniia na aktivnost' metanoldegidrogenazy Methylophilus sp. B-7741.

We studied the effect of deuterium oxide present in the medium on the activity of methanol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.8) from methylotrophic bacteria Methylophilus sp. B-7741. Methanol dehydrogenase activity in extracts of the biomass obtained in a highly deuterated medium (2H-enzyme) was 34-47% of enzyme activity in the control biomass, which depended on reaction conditions. The isotopic effects of substrate deuterium (methanol) for 1H-enzyme and 2H-enzyme were 1.37 +/- 0.05 and 1.38 +/- 0.01, respectively. We revealed for the first time the reverse isotopic effect of solvent deuterium in the reaction catalyzed by methanol dehydrogenase (0.80 +/- 0.02 and 0.60 +/- 0.01 for 1H-enzyme and 2H-enzyme, respectively).

[Effect of phenofibrate treatment on endothelial dysfunction in patients with history of myocardial infarction in young age]. / Vliianie terapii fenofibratom na éndotelial'nuiu disfunktsiiu u bol'nykh, perenesshikh infarkt miokarda v molodom vozraste.

AIM: To evaluate the severity of endothelial dysfunction in patients with a history of myocardial infarction in young age and its changes during therapy with lipantil 200 M. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The percentage of dilatation of the brachial artery during reactive hyperemia test, number of circulating desquamated endotheliocytes, and lipid metabolism parameters were evaluated in 40 men with a history of myocardial infarction before the age of 45 years and 40 healthy men. RESULTS: Endothelial dysfunction was detected in coronary patients: the percentage of dilatation of the brachial artery was decreased, the number of circulating endotheliocytes increased, and lipid metabolism disordered. After 3-month lipantil 200 M therapy the severity of endothelial dysfunction significantly decreased and lipid metabolism parameters improved. CONCLUSION: Patients with a history of myocardial infarction in young age develop endothelial dysfunction, whose severity decreases after hypolipidemic therapy.

[Effects of hypolipidemic therapy on the endothelial dysfunction in patients with myocardial infarction at young age]. / Vliianie gipolipidemicheskoi terapii na éndotelial'nuiu disfunktsiiu u bol'nykh, perenesshikh infarkt miokarda v molodom vozraste.

AIM: To evaluate the degree of endothelial dysfunction in patients who survived myocardial infarction (MI) at young age, its response to therapy with lipantil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dilation of the brachial artery in response to reactive hyperemia, number of circulating desquamated endotheliocytes, lipid metabolism were assessed in 40 males who had survived MI at the age under 45 years and in 40 healthy males. RESULTS: Patients with ischemic heart disease had endothelial dysfunction: decreased dilation of the brachial artery, increased count of circulating endotheliocytes, defective lipid metabolism. A 3-month lipantil therapy resulted in a significant reduction of endothelial dysfunction, improvement of lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION: Patients who survived MI at young age have endothelial dysfunction the severity of which diminish in hypolipidemic therapy.

[Endothelium disfunction in patients with myocardial infarction at the younger age]. / Disfunktsiia éndoteliia u bol'nykh, perenesshikh infarkt miokarda v molodom vozraste.

The endothelium was studied in males who had sustained myocardial infarction (MI) at young age (under 45 years). The parameters of endothelium-dependent dilatation of the brachial artery were estimated during a reactive hyperemia test and the blood count of circulating (desquamated) endotheliocytes was measured. The values obtained in patients groups randomized by different parameters were compared with each other and with control values. The patients who had experienced in youth were found to have endothelial dysfunction, as appeared as both a larger number of circulating blood endotheliocytes and an altered vascular response during the reactive hyperemia test. It was found that endothelial function was not clearly related to the risk factors of atherosclerosis though the association was more marked when coronary heart disease is concurrent with arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.

[Diagnostic value of evaluation of desquamated endothelial cells in blood]. / Diagnosticheskaia tsennost' opredeleniia deskvamirovannykh éndotelial'nykh kletok v krovi.

Circulating endotheliocytes as indicator of endothelial dysfunction were evaluated in the blood by Hladovec's method (1978) in patients with coronary disease, coronary stroke, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and gestosis. The content of circulating (desquamated) endotheliocytes was increased in all patients, which reflected endothelial damage. The most pronounced changes were detected in patients with gestosis. Endotheliocyte content correlated with the concentration of Willebrandt's factor in the blood, which recommends using endotheliocyte count as a marker of endothelial damage.

[Morphological characteristics of lungs in embryos and fetuses in women living in regions contaminated with radionuclides after accident at the Chernobyl power plant]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika legkikh émbrionov i plodov materei, prozhivaiushchikh na territorii, zagriaznennoi radionuklidami posle avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

The possibility of transplacental passage of Cr-90 and Cs-137 as well as their traces appearance in descendants muscles and bones beginning from the 2nd pregnancy trimester (and this was sometimes associated with teratogenic effects) was demonstrated on the abortion material (human embryos and fetuses) from the controlled zones of the Bryansk region. Statistically significant inhibition of the bronchial branching (according to the morphometry of the lung histological section) this indicating the disturbance of the lung prenatal morphogenesis during the "pseudoglandular" developmental stage was observed in the 1st trimester of the pregnancy in the descendants of the irradiated mothers. Lung hypoplasia was observed in some cases in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of the pregnancy. Activation of lymphoid cells in the fetal lungs and the tendency to the enhancement in them of the ectopic erythroid hemopoiesis was revealed. These processes are considered as a reflection of the compensatory adaptive cellular reaction in the descendants respiratory organs in response to the tissue hypoxia and antigenic stimuli from the organism of the pregnant woman irradiated after the Chernobyl accident.

[Pressure-regulated pulmonary ventilation with an inverse ratio of the duration of the inhalation and exhalation phases]. / Ventiliatsiia legkikh, reguliruemaia po davleniiu, pri obratnom sootnoshenii prodolzhitel'nosti faz vdokha i vydokha.

Clinical and physiological effects of pressure-regulated ventilation of the lungs using the inverse rate of inhalation to exhalation (PCV-IR) were studied in two groups of patients. No appreciable advantages of this mode of pulmonary ventilation in comparison with common ("volumic") method were observed in group 1 patients (following open-heart surgery) with moderately expressed respiratory disorders (PaO2/FIO2 = 340c13 and index of lung comprometation 0.7c0.04). At the same time, the level of the peak inhalation pressure in the airways at PCV-IR was reliably lower than during common artificial ventilation of the lungs (AVL). In patients with grave respiratory disturbances (PaO2/FIO2 = 93c10 and index of lung comprometation 6.88c0.56) application of this scheme brought about an improvement of pulmonary biomechanics and gas exchange, but the hemodynamics was virtually the same. It is noteworthy that the process of PCV-IR adaptation required a thorough preliminary "adjustment" of the ventilation parameters and took rather a long time in the majority of patients. Positive effects of PCV-IR may be due to several mechanisms: a slowing down (ramp-like) flow, limitation of the upper pressure during inhalation, prolongation of exhalation in comparison with inhalation, and a regulated level of internal positive end expiratory pressure. PCV-IR is recommended as a variant of respiratory support in the treatment of patients with severe involvement of the lungs, when the potentialities of common AVL are exhausted.

[Morphological characteristics of reparative processes in tuberculosis and the effect of pesticides]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika reparativnykh protsessov pri tuberkuleze, protekaiushchem na fone vozdeistviia pestitsidov.

The paper deals with the results of a comparative morphologic, toxicologic and biochemical study of the character of reparative processes in destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, specific features of non-coordination of collagen metabolism depending on the cumulation of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides and in the absence of their residual quantities in the patient's body on admission to a hospital and during current antibacterial therapy. The resected and removed lungs and blood of 1063 patients were used for the study. Specific features of a tuberculosis course, the duration and effectiveness of antibacterial therapy, the character of reparative processes, characteristic features of collagen metabolism and collagenosis, the character and dissemination of residual changes due to therapy were established in the compared groups of patients.