Atrial lead perforation early after device implantation-a case report and literature review.

We report three patients with screw-in lead perforation in the right atrial free wall not long after device implantation. All the patients complained of intermittent stabbing chest pain associated with deep breathing during the implantation. The "dry" epicardial puncture was utilized to avoid hemopericardium during lead extraction in the first case. The atrial electrode was repositioned in all cases and replaced by a new passive fixation lead in two patients with resolution of the pneumothorax or pericardial effusion. A literature review of 50 reported cases of atrial lead perforation was added to the findings in our case report.

Tyrosine-phosphorylated DNER sensitizes insulin signaling in hepatic gluconeogenesis by inducing proteasomal degradation of TRB3.

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic insulin resistance, which leads to increased hepatic gluconeogenesis, is a major contributor to fasting hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanism of impaired insulin-dependent suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis remains elusive. Delta/Notch-like epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related receptor (DNER), firstly described as a neuron-specific Notch ligand, has been recently identified as a susceptibility gene for T2DM through genome-wide association studies. We herein investigated whether DNER regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and whether this is mediated by enhanced insulin signaling. METHODS: The association between DNER, tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and Akt signaling was evaluated in C57BL/6J, ob/ob and db/db mice by western blot analysis. DNER loss-of-function and gain-of-function in hepatic gluconeogenesis were analyzed by western blot analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, glucose uptake and output assay in AML-12 cells and partially validated in primary mouse hepatocytes. Hepatic DNER knockdown mice were generated by tail vein injection of adenovirus to confirm the effects of DNER in vivo. The interaction between DNER and TRB3 was investigated by rescue experiments, cycloheximide chase analysis, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. The potential insulin-stimulated phosphorylation sites of DNER were determined by co-immunoprecipitation, LC-MS/MS analysis and site-specific mutagenesis. RESULTS: Here we show that DNER enhanced hepatic insulin signaling in gluconeogenesis by inhibiting TRB3, an endogenous Akt inhibitor, through the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway. In AML-12 hepatocytes, insulin-stimulated activation of Akt and suppression of gluconeogenesis are attenuated by DNER knockdown, but potentiated by DNER over-expression. In C57BL/6J mice, hepatic DNER knockdown is accompanied by impaired glucose and pyruvate tolerance. Furthermore, the in vitro effects of DNER knockdown or over-expression on both Akt activity and hepatic gluconeogenesis can be rescued by TRB3 knockdown or over-expression, respectively. In response to insulin stimulation, DNER interacted directly with insulin receptor and was phosphorylated at Tyr677. This site-specific phosphorylation is essential for DNER to upregulate Akt activity and then downregulate G6Pase and PEPCK expression, by interacting with TRB3 directly and inducing TRB3 proteasome-dependent degradation. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the crosstalk between insulin-Akt and DNER-TRB3 pathways represents a previously unrecognized mechanism by which insulin regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Novel therapeutic targets, including IGFBP3, of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell-conditioned medium in intrauterine adhesion.

Mesenchymal stem cells play important roles in repairing injured endometrium. However, the molecular targets and potential mechanism of the endometrial recipient cells for stem cell therapy in intrauterine adhesion (IUA) are poorly understood. In this study, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell-conditioned medium (UCMSCs-CM) produced positive effects on a Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) induced IUA cell model. RNA-sequencing was performed on clinical IUA tissues, and the top 40 upregulated and top 20 downregulated mRNAs were selected and verified using high-throughput (HT) qPCR in both tissues and cell models. Based on a bioinformatic analysis of RNA-sequencing and HT-qPCR results, 11 mRNAs were uncovered to be the intervention targets of UCMSCs-CM on IUA endometrium cell models. Among them, IGFBP3 was striking as a key pathogenic gene and a potential diagnostic marker of IUA, which exhibited the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity were 0.924, 93.1% and 80.6%, respectively in 60 endometrial tissues. The silencing of IGFBP3 exerted positive effects on the IUA cell model through partially upregulating MMP1 and KLF2. In conclusion, RNA-sequencing combined with HT qPCR based on clinical tissues and IUA cell models were used in IUA research and our results may provide some scientific ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of IUA.

Activation of 2D titanate nanosheet photocatalysts by nitrogen doping and solution plasma processing.

Novel two-dimensional (2D) oxides are of great interest for photocatalysis because of their superlative physical features, namely, large surface areas, short charge diffusion pathways, high crystallinity and easy surface modification. However, most 2D oxides suffer from weak visible light absorption and severe photogenerated carrier recombination. Nitrogen doping can successfully narrow the bandgap of 2D oxides but can hardly improve the charge separation. In this work, we pre-dope nitrogen into 2D titanate nanosheets (HTiO), followed by surface processing with solution plasma. By dual modification of nitrogen doping and solution plasma processing (SPP), the modified 2D titanate nanosheets (N-HTiO-SPP) display broad absorption extending to the visible light region and the healing of oxygen vacancies brought about by nitrogen doping. Compared with HTiO and nitrogen doped titanate (N-HTiO), a higher removal rate and mineralization rate towards the photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde were achieved over N-HTiO-SPP under solar light. This work provides a powerful way to activate 2D wide bandgap semiconductors for enhanced photocatalytic activity.

Revealing the contribution of iron overload-brown adipocytes to iron overload cardiomyopathy: Insights from RNA-seq and exosomes coculture technology.

Iron overload has been demonstrated to be associated with insulin resistance, iron overload cardiomyopathy (IOC). Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is emerging as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases, not only because of its capacity for dissipating excess energy via non-shivering thermogenesis, but also because of its implication in physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, little attention has been devoted to the precise alterations and impacts of iron overload-BAT. We conducted RNA-Seq analysis on BAT samples obtained from mice subjected to a high iron diet (HID) or a normal chow diet (CON), respectively. The RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis revealed that 1,289 differentially expressed RNAs (DEGs) were identified, with a higher number of the downregulated genes (910 genes) compared to the upregulated genes (379 genes). The results of Gene Ontology (GO) and The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the downregulated DEGs were primarily involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, which were defined as IOC under the iron overload condition. The association between iron overload-BAT with cardiomyopathy was further investigated using exosome coculture technology. Our results demonstrated that the exosomes derived from ferric citrate treated-mature HIB 1B brown adipocytes, could be internalized by HL-1 cardiomyocytes, and contributed to the dysfunction in these cells. The present study has revealed the alterations and impacts of iron overload-BAT, particularly on the onset of IOC via not only RNA-seq but also exosomes coculture technology. The outputs might shed light on the novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IOC.

Incorporating Multivariate Auxiliary Information for Traffic Prediction on Highways.

Traffic flow prediction is one of the most important tasks of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) for traffic management, and it is also a challenging task affected by many complex factors, such as weather and time. Many cities adopt efficient traffic prediction methods to control traffic congestion. However, most of the existing methods of traffic prediction focus on urban road scenarios, neglecting the complexity of multivariate auxiliary information in highways. Moreover, these methods have difficulty explaining the prediction results based only on the historical traffic flow sequence. To tackle these problems, we propose a novel traffic prediction model, namely Multi-variate and Multi-horizon prediction based on Long Short-Term Memory (MMLSTM). MMLSTM can effectively incorporate auxiliary information, such as weather and time, based on a strategy of multi-horizon time spans to improve the prediction performance. Specifically, we first exploit a multi-horizon bidirectional LSTM model for fusing the multivariate auxiliary information in different time spans. Then, we combine an attention mechanism and multi-layer perceptron to conduct the traffic prediction. Furthermore, we can use the information of multivariate (weather and time) to provide interpretability to manage the model. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on Hangst and Metr-la datasets, and MMLSTM achieves better performance than baselines on traffic prediction tasks.

Ethanol Solution Plasma Loads Carbon Dots onto 2D HNb3O8 for Enhanced Photocatalysis.

Layered metal oxoacids hold potential as photocatalysts due to their facile exfoliation to two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets with a large surface area and a short migration distance for photoexcited charge carriers. However, the utilization of electrons in photocatalytic processes is restricted by the competitive trapping of electrons by metal ions. In this work, we attempt to improve the utilization of photogenerated electrons over exfoliated HNb3O8 nanosheets by solution plasma activation. On dispersing exfoliated HNb3O8 nanosheets in ethanol solution plasma, the defects in HNb3O8 can be engineered, and carbon dots (CDs) can be anchored on the surface of HNb3O8 nanosheets in situ. In comparison with pristine HNb3O8 nanosheets, the rate of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution can be increased by 317.7 times over the HNb3O8/C heterojunction, and the apparent quantum efficiency of hydrogen production can be as high as 5.05%. The reason for the high photocatalytic performance is explored by the comparison of activation between plasma-in-ethanol and plasma-in-water, which reveals that CD anchoring and defect engineering indeed promote charge separation and hence lead to enhanced photocatalytic activity. This work provides an alternative approach to synthesize CDs and activate 2D-layered compounds with MO6 (M = Nb, Ti, and W) octahedral building blocks in the host layer for enhanced photocatalytic evolution of hydrogen.

QTL Detection for Rice Grain Length and Fine Mapping of a Novel Locus qGL6.1.

BACKGROUND: Grain length (GL) that is directly associated with appearance quality is a key target of selection in rice breeding. Although abundant quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with GL have been identified, it was still relatively weak to identify QTL for GL from japonica genetic background, as the shortage of japonica germplasms with long grains. We performed QTLs analysis for GL using a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from the cross between japonica variety GY8 (short grains) and LX1 (long grains) in four environments. RESULTS: A total of 197 RILs were genotyped with 285 polymorphic SNP markers. Three QTLs qGL5.3, qGL6.1 and qGL11 were detected to control GL by individual environmental analyses and multi-environment joint analysis. Of these, a major-effect and stable QTL qGL6.1 was identified to be a novel QTL, and its LX1 allele had a positive effect on GL. For fine-mapping qGL6.1, a BC1F2 population consisting of 2,487 individuals was developed from a backcross between GY8 and R176, one line with long grain. Eight key informative recombinants were identified by nine kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers. By analyzing key recombinants, the qGL6.1 locus was narrowed down to a 40.41 kb genomic interval on chromosome 6. One candidate gene LOC_Os06g43304.1 encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP71D55) was finally selected based on the difference in the transcriptional expression and variations in its upstream and downstream region. CONCLUSIONS: Three QTLs qGL5.3, qGL6.1 and qGL11 were identified to control grain length in rice. One novel QTL qGL6.1 was fine mapped within 40.41 kb region, and LOC_Os06g43304.1 encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP71D55) may be its candidate gene. We propose that the further cloning of the qGL6.1 will facilitate improving appearance quality in japonica varieties.

Identification of the hub susceptibility genes and related common transcription factors in the skeletal muscle of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related complications contribute to the high morbidity and mortality in worldwide. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance plays a critical role in the onset of T2DM due to the decreasing in the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. T2DM is associated not only with the inherited factors but also with the noninherited factors. However, the susceptibility genes related with the two factors and the transcription factors (TF) regulating the susceptibility genes in skeletal muscle, which aggravate the development of T2DM were still ill-defined. METHODS: In the present study, the expression profiles by the array of GSE25462 were retrieved from the GEO database. GEO2R was performed to validate the susceptibility differentially expressed genes (SDEG) in skeletal muscle of T2DM. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted via The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). A Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network was performed with the STRING. RESULTS: With the performance of GEO2R, 229 SDEGs in skeletal muscle of T2DM were identified. The biological processes (BP) of SDEGs was enriched in the cellular response to UV-B most significantly. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the SDEGs were most significantly enriched in glycosaminoglycan degradation. 5 hub susceptibility genes (GPR84, CALCB, GCG, PTGDR, GNG8) in the skeletal muscle of T2DM were identified. Eventually, the common transcription factors regulating the hub susceptibility genes were identified by means of the online tool PROMO. CONCLUSIONS: Five hub susceptibility genes (GPR84, CALCB, GCG, PTGDR, GNG8) in the skeletal muscle of T2DM and the common transcription factors were identified. The outputs would provide new clues on the novel potential targets and the therapeutic strategies for treating T2DM and its related diseases.

Involvement of adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 in diallyl trisulfide-induced cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

It has been demonstrated that APPL1 (adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1) is involved in the regulation of several growth-related signaling pathways and thus closely associated with the development and progression of some cancers. Diallyl trisulfide (DAT), a garlic-derived bioactive compound, exerts selective cytotoxicity to various human cancer cells through interfering with pro-survival signaling pathways. However, whether and how DAT affects survival of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain unclear. Herein, we tested the hypothesis of the involvement of APPL1 in DAT-induced cytotoxicity in HCC HepG2 cells. We found that Lys 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination of APPL1 was significantly decreased whereas phosphorylation of APPL1 at serine residues remained unchanged in DAT-treated HepG2 cells. Compared with wild-type APPL1, overexpression of APPL1 K63R mutant dramatically increased cell apoptosis and mitigated cell survival, along with a reduction of phosphorylation of STAT3, Akt, and Erk1/2. In addition, DAT administration markedly reduced protein levels of intracellular TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Genetic inhibition of TRAF6 decreased K63-linked polyubiquitination of APPL1. Moreover, the cytotoxicity impacts of DAT on HepG2 cells were greatly attenuated by overexpression of wild-type APPL1. Taken together, these results suggest that APPL1 polyubiquitination probably mediates the inhibitory effects of DAT on survival of HepG2 cells by modulating STAT3, Akt, and Erk1/2 pathways.

Influence of planting methods and organic amendments on rice yield and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil.

A comprehensive understanding of rice cultivation techniques and organic amendments affecting soil quality, enzyme activities and bacterial community structure is crucial. We investigated two planting methods (direct seeding and transplanting) of paddy rice (Oryza sativa) and organic amendments with rice straw and biochar on crop yield and soil biological and physicochemical properties. Rhizosphere bacterial communities at the maturity stage of rice growth were characterized through high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Soil biochemical properties and enzyme activity levels were analyzed. Grain yield of paddy rice with transplanting increased 10.6% more than that with direct seeding. The application of rice straw increased grain yield by 7.1 and 8.2%, more than with biochar and the control, respectively. Compared to biochar and the control, the application of rice straw significantly increased sucrase, cellulase, protease, organic carbon, available phosphorus, nitrate, and ammonium. The application of biochar increased microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon, urease, pH, available nitrogen, and available potassium compared to the application of rice straw and the control. Principal coordinate analysis and dissimilarity distances confirmed significant differences among the microbial communities associated with planting methods and organic amendments. Bacteroidetes, Nitrospirae, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes abundance increased with rice straw relative to biochar and the control. The biochar addition was associated with significant increases in Chloroflexi, Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria abundance. Pearson's correlation analyzes showed that Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes and Nitrospirae abundance was positively correlated with grain yield. The relative abundance of these bacteria in soil may be beneficial for improving grain yield. These results suggest that planting methods and organic amendments impact soil biochemical characteristics, enzyme activity levels, and microbial community composition.

Heat Shock Protein 70 Mediates the Protective Effect of Naringenin on High-Glucose-Induced Alterations of Endothelial Function.

Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of diabetic vascular complications. Naringenin (Nar) is a flavanone bioactive isolated from citrus fruits known to have in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic properties. However, whether Nar affects endothelial function remains unclear in diabetes or under high-glucose (HG) condition. Using an in vitro model of hyperglycemia in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we found that Nar administration markedly attenuated HG-induced alterations of endothelial function, evidenced by the mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammation, the reduction of cell adhesion molecular expressions, and the improvement of insulin resistance. We also found that HG exposure significantly reduced the levels of intracellular heat shock protein 70 (iHSP70 or iHSPA1A) and the release of HSP70 from HUVECs. HSP70 depletion mimicked and clearly diminished the protective effects of Nar on HG-induced alterations of endothelial function. In addition, Nar treatment significantly enhanced iHSP70 protein levels through a transcription-dependent manner. These results demonstrated that Nar could protect HUVECs against HG-induced alterations of endothelial function through upregulating iHSP70 protein levels. These findings are also helpful in providing new therapeutic strategies that are promising in the clinical use of Nar for the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications.

The constricting effect of reduced coronary artery compliance on the left ventricle is an important cause of reduced diastolic function in patients with coronary heart disease.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies of left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) have focused on the decrease in active and passive diastolic function due to ischemic factors but have not investigated if the decrease in compliance of the coronary arteries that bypass the surface of the heart and travel between the myocardium could cause a constricting effect on the ventricular wall like that caused by myocardial fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: 581 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD) were divided into A group (patients are the control group), B group (patients with less than 50% coronary artery stenosis), C group (patients with coronary artery stenosis between 50 and 75%), D group (patients with coronary artery stenosis greater than 75%) according to the degree of coronary stenosis. The diastolic function of the ventricle is reflected by applying the relaxation time constant T value, which refers to the time between peak dp/dt and end-diastolic pressure in the left ventricle. It was concluded that there was a statistical difference in Gensini scores between patients in groups B, C and D (P < 0.001). And multiple linear regression analysis showed that T was correlated with Gensini score and C-dp/dtmax (R = 0.711, P < 0.001). Grouping according to the site of stent implantation and the number of stents implanted, it was found out that the changes in T values before and after left anterior descending artery (LAD) stent implantation were greater than left circumflex artery (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA) (P < 0.001). And multiple linear regression revealed a correlation between T values and stent length, ventricular stiffness, and C-dp/dtmax (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in compliance of the coronary arteries bypassing the surface of the heart and travelling between the myocardium would cause a constricting effect on the ventricular wall like that caused by myocardial fibrosis.

Impact of BMI on Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Aim: Obesity paradox remains a point of debate in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: Outcomes were assessed in 1429 STEMI patients undergoing PPCI between January 2009 and January 2010 in Beijing. Patients were classified into 6 groups according to age (the younger and elderly groups consisting of patients ≤65 and > 65 years old) and baseline BMI (normal weight, BMI < 24 kg/m2; overweight, 24 kg/m2 ≤BMI < 28 kg/m2; obese, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2). The primary outcome was death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), or revascularization. Results: On long-term follow-up (mean follow-up of 59 months), 13.9% of patients experienced the adverse event. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that low BMI was a significant predictor of the primary outcome only in the younger group. The odds ratio for overweight in comparison with normal weight was 0.741 (95% CI: 0.413-0.979; p = 0.038), the odds radio for obesity in comparison with normal-weight patients was 0.508 (95% CI: 0.344-0.750; p = 0.016) in the younger group. In the elderly group, diabetes, hypertension, triple disease, regular exercise, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) use after discharge, and bleeding complication were associated with primary outcome. Conclusion: The obesity paradox was recognized only in the younger age group in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI.

Analysis of the different characteristics between omental preadipocytes and differentiated white adipocytes using bioinformatics methods.

Obesity is emerging as an epidemiological issue, being associated with the onset and progress of various metabolism-related disorders. Obesity is characterized by the white adipose expansion, which encounters white adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. White adipocyte hyperplasia is defined as adipogenesis with the increase in the number of the white adipocytes from the preadipocytes. Adipogenesis contributes to distributing excess triglycerides among the smaller newly formed adipocytes, reducing the number of hypertrophic adipocytes and secreting anti-inflammatory factor. Therefore, adipogenesis is emerging as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity. In the present study, for a better understanding of the contribution of the alteration of the omental differentiated white adipocytes to the systemic metabolic disorders, we downloaded the mRNA expression profiles from GEO database GSE1657, 328 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between the undifferentiated preadipocytes (UNDIF) and omental differentiated white adipocytes (DIF). The contributions of the upregulated and downregulated DEGs to the system were performed via the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, respectively. The potential contribution of the whole altered genes in the differentiated white adipocytes was explored with the performance of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), especially on the GO analysis, KEGG analysis, hallmark analysis, oncogenic analysis and related miRNA analysis. The output of the current study will shed light on the new targets for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related disorders.

A Low-Cost SiO x /C@Graphite Composite Derived from Oat Husk as an Advanced Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon monoxide (SiO x ), as a promising anode for the next-generation high-power lithium-ion batteries, has some advantages such as higher lithium storage capacity (∼2400 mAh g-1), suitable working potential, and smaller volume variations during cycling compared with pure silicon. However, its disadvantages such as its inherent low conductivity and high cost impede its extensive applications. Herein, we have developed a low-cost and high-capacity SiO x /C@graphite (SCG) composite derived from oat husks by a simple argon/hydrogen reduction method. For further practical application, we also investigated the electrochemical performances of SiO x mixed with different ratios of graphite. As an advanced anode for lithium-ion batteries, the SCG-1 composite exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance in terms of lithium storage capacity (809.5 mAh g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 even after the 250th cycle) and high rate capability (479.7 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 after the 200th cycle). This work may pave the way for developing a low-cost silicon-based anode derived from biomass with a large reversible capacity and long cycle life in lithium-ion batteries.

Risk Factors for No-Reflow in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Case-Control Study.

Methods: This case-control study retrospectively reviewed the medical data of patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 h after STEMI onset between January 2010 and January 2013 at the Department of Cardiology of the Beijing Anzhen Hospital. Results: A total of 902 patients were included in the analysis. The basic characteristics between the reflow and no-reflow groups were similar, except for time-to-hospital admission, heart rate, plasma glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)/prealbumin (PAB), neutrophil count, intraaortic balloon pump, and aspiration thrombectomy. The multivariable analysis showed that hsCRP/PAB (OR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000-1.006, P=0.022), neutrophil count (OR = 1.085, 95% CI: 1.028-1.146, P=0.003), plasma glucose levels (OR = 1.086, 95% CI: 1.036-1.138, P=0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.596, 95% CI: 0.371-0.958, P=0.033), Killip classification >1 (OR = 2.002, 95% CI: 1.273-3.148, P=0.003), intraoperative intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) use (OR = 3.257, 95% CI: 1.954-5.428, P=0.001), and aspiration thrombectomy (OR = 3.412, 95% CI: 2.259-5.152, P=0.001) were independently associated with no-reflow. Conclusion: hsCRP/PAB, neutrophil count, plasma glucose levels, diabetes mellitus, Killip classification, intraoperative IABP use, and aspiration thrombectomy were independent risk factors for no-reflow in patients with STEMI.

Cloning and functional analysis of the novel rice blast resistance gene Pi65 in japonica rice.

KEY MESSAGE: Pi65, a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) domain cloned from Oryza sativa japonica, is a novel rice blast disease resistance gene. Rice blast seriously threatens rice production worldwide. Utilizing the rice blast resistance gene to breed rice blast-resistant varieties is one of the best ways to control rice blast disease. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we cloned a novel rice blast resistance gene, Pi65, from the resistant variety GangYu129 (abbreviated GY129, Oryza sativa japonica). Overexpression of Pi65 in the susceptible variety LiaoXing1 (abbreviated LX1, Oryza sativa japonica) enhanced rice blast resistance, while knockout of Pi65 in GY129 resulted in susceptibility to rice blast disease. Pi65 encodes two transmembrane domains, with 15 LRR domains and one serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic domain, conferring resistance to isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae (abbreviated M. oryzae) collected from Northeast China. There were sixteen amino acid differences between the Pi65 resistance and susceptible alleles. Compared with the Pi65-resistant allele, the susceptible allele exhibited one LRR domain deletion. Pi65 was constitutively expressed in whole plants, and it could be induced in the early stage of M. oryzae infection. Transcriptome analysis revealed that numerous genes associated with disease resistance were specifically upregulated in GY129 24 h post inoculation (HPI); in contrast, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes were particularly downregulated at 24 HPI, demonstrating that disease resistance-associated genes were activated in GY129 (carrying Pi65) after rice blast fungal infection and that cellular basal metabolism and energy metabolism were inhibited simultaneously. Our study provides genetic resources for improving rice blast resistance and enriches the study of rice blast resistance mechanisms.