Underlying disease may increase mortality risk in users of atypical antipsychotics.

Schizophrenia is a group of the most common types of mental illness. Commonly used antischizophrenia drugs all increase mortality to some extent. The increased risk of death in older individuals and patients with dementia using atypical antipsychotics may be due to myocardial damage, increased mobility and increased risk of stroke.

[Large- scale prospective clinical study on prophylactic intervention of COVID-19 in community population using Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules].

To scientifically evaluate the intervention effect of Chinese medicine preventive administration(combined use of Huo-xiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) on community population in the case of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), a large cohort, prospective, randomized, and parallel-controlled clinical study was conducted. Total 22 065 subjects were included and randomly divided into 2 groups. The non-intervention group was given health guidance only, while the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention group was given two coordinated TCM in addition to health guidance. The medical instructions were as follows. Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid: oral before meals, 10 mL/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days. Jinhao Jiere Granules: dissolve in boiling water and take after meals, 8 g/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days, followed up for 14 days, respectively. The study found that with the intake of medication, the incidence rate of TCM intervention group was basically maintained at a low and continuous stable level(0.01%-0.02%), while the non-intervention group showed an overall trend of continuous growth(0.02%-0.18%) from 3 to 14 days. No suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case occurred in either group. There were 2 cases of colds in the TCM intervention group and 26 cases in the non-intervention group. The incidence of colds in the TCM intervention group was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that in the non-intervention group. In the population of 16-60 years old, the incidence rate of non-intervention and intervention groups were 0.01% and 0.25%, respectively. The difference of colds incidence between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the population older than 60 years old, they were 0.04% and 0.21%, respectively. The incidence of colds in the non-intervention group was higher than that in the intervention group, but not reaching statistical difference. The protection rate of TCM for the whole population was 91.8%, especially for the population of age 16-60(95.0%). It was suggested that TCM intervention(combined use of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) could effectively protect community residents against respiratory diseases, such as colds, which was worthy of promotion in the community. In addition, in terms of safety, the incidence of adverse events and adverse reactions in the TCM intervention group was relatively low, which was basically consistent with the drug instructions.

tert-Butyl N-{4-[N-(4-hy-droxy-phen-yl)carbamo-yl]benz-yl}carbamate.

In the title compound, C(19)H(22)N(2)O(4), the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 67.33 (2)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked through N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a two-dimensional network lying parallel to (100). As a result of the twist of the mol-ecular skeleton and the hindrance of the tert-butyl groups, no π-π inter-actions exist between the aromatic rings.

catena-Poly[[(2-amino-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ato-κ(2)O,O')(2,2'-bipyridyl-κ(2)N,N')cadmium]-µ-2-amino-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ato-κ(3)N(1):O,O'].

In the title coordination polymer, [Cd(C(8)H(5)N(2)O(2)S)(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))](n), the Cd(II) ion is coordinated by a bidentate 2,2-bipyridyl ligand, two O,O'-chelating 2-amino-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ate (ABTC) ligands and one N-bonded ABTC ligand. The resulting CdN(3)O(4) coordination polyhedron approximates to a very distorted penta-gonal bipramid with one O and one N atom in axial positions. One of the ABTC ligands is bridging to an adjacent metal atom, generating an infinite chain propagating in [100]. A three-dimensional network is constructed from N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and aromatic π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid separations = 3.641 (2) and 3.682 (3) Å].

2-Carb-oxy-6-(quinolin-1-ium-8-yl-oxy)benzoate.

In the zwitterionic title compound, C(17)H(11)NO(5), the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 76.90 (7)°. The dihedral angles between the carboxyl groups and the benzene ring are 64.02 (9) and 21.67 (9)°, the larger angle being associated with an intra-molecular N-H⋯O(carbox-yl) hydrogen bond, resulting from proton transfer from the carb-oxy-lic acid group to the quinoline N atom and giving an S(9) ring motif. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains extending along the b-axis direction. An overall two-dimensional network structure is formed through π-π inter-actions between the quinoline rings [minimum ring-centroid separation = 3.6068 (6) Å].

Methyl 2-[2-(tert-but-oxy-carbonyl-amino)-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxamido]-acetate.

In the title compound, C(16)H(19)N(3)O(5)S, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the carbonyl-amino group is 18.18 (2)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules form centrosymmetric dimers via pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The dimers are connected via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network..

tert-Butyl N-[6-(N,N-dipropyl-carbamo-yl)-1,3-benzothia-zol-2-yl]carbamate.

The title compound C(19)H(27)N(3)O(3)S, crystallizes with two unique mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The benzene ring of each benzothia-zole unit carries a dipropyl-carbamoyl substituent in the 6-position and a tert-butyl carbamate unit on each thia-zole ring. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular N-H⋯N and weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form centrosymmetric dimers. Additional C-H⋯O contacts construct a three-dimensional network. A very weak C-H⋯π contact is also present.

Ethyl 2-(tert-butoxy-carbonyl-amino)-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ate.

In the crystal of the title compound, C(15)H(18)N(2)O(4)S, inversion dimers are formed by inter-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯O contacts. These dimers stack up along [100] through inversion-related π-π inter-actions between thia-zole rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.790 (2) Å] and the thia-zole and benzene rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.845 (2) Å] and C-H⋯π contacts.

catena-Poly[lead(II)-bis-(µ-2-amino-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ato)].

The title complex, [Pb(C(8)H(5)N(2)O(2)S)(2)](n), consists of one Pb(II) ion located on a crystallographic twofold axis and two symmetry-related 2-amino-1,3-benzothia-zole-6-carboxyl-ate (ABTC) ligands. The central Pb(II) ion has a (4 + 2) coordination by four O atoms of the two ABTC ligands and two weaker Pb-S bonding inter-actions (Pb-S secondary bonds) from S atoms of other two neighbouring ABTC ligands. These bonds link the metal ions into zigzag chains along the c axis, which, in turn, aggregate through π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.7436 Å] between ABTC rings and N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

(4-Aminopyridine-kappaN1)(phthalocyaninato-kappa4N)zinc(II) tetrahydrofuran disolvate.

The title compound, [Zn(C(32)H(16)N(8))(C(5)H(6)N(2))].2C(4)H(8)O, consists of one (phthalocyaninato)zinc (ZnPc) unit, a coordinated 4-aminopyridine (4-ap) molecule and two tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent molecules. The central Zn atom is (4+1)-coordinated by four isoindole N atoms of the Pc core and by the pyridine N atom of 4-aminopyridine. The Zn atom is displaced by 0.4464 (8) A from the isoindole N(4) plane towards the pyridine N atom. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular amine-phthalocyaninate N-H...N hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interactions between the aggregated Pc rings, which form molecular layers, and by weak van der Waals interactions between the layers. As well as hindering the aggregation of ZnPc molecules by occupying an axial position, the amino group will add new interactions which will favor applications of ZnPc, for example, as a sensitizer of photodynamic therapy.

The effect of protonation on the spectra and stabilities of alkoxyl substituted phthalocyaninatometals.

The protonation abilities of phthalocyaninatometals (MPcs) increase but their stabilities reduce by the introduction of alkoxyl substituents at alpha position. In the toluene, the order of mono-protonation rate for the tetra-alpha-(2, 2, 4-trimethyl-3-pentoxy)phthalocyaninatometals sorts with the center metals is Zn>Co>Cu>Ni>Fe, which is opposite to the order of their wavelength difference between the Q bands and X bands. However, their mono-protonated species can be decomposed easily at the rate order FePc>CoPc>CuPc>NiPc>ZnPc, analogous to their decomposition abilities in the benzoylperoxide (BPO) oxidation. In addition, it is interesting that a more remarkable decomposition is found when partial CuPc was mono-protonated.

[Synthesis and photophysical properties of two kinds of substituted phthalocyaninatozinc].

Two kinds of substituted phthalocyaninatozinc, tetra-beta-phthalimidobutoxy phthalocyaninatozinc (1) and tetra-beta-phthalimidomethyl phthalocyaninatozinc (2), were synthesized by mix melting method, which bear the same phthalimide substituents but the linking of the substituents to the phthalocyanine ring is different. The substituent linking to the phthalocyanine ring is one methylene in ZnPc (2), while the substituents linking to the phthalocyanine ring is four methylenes and one ather in ZnPc (1), in which ather is near by phthalocyanine ring. The absorption and fluorescence spectra and the abilities of singlet oxygen generation of these two phthalocyanines were compared with respect to the effect of different linked fashions. The magnitude of the redshift of absorption and fluorescence spectra relative to unsubstituded ZnPc is greater for tetra-beta-phthalimidobutoxy phthalocyaninatozinc (1) than for tetra-beta-phthalimidomethyl phthalocyaninatozinc (2). This result is related to the presence of stronger electron donating peripheral substituents of ZnPc (1), with phiF of (1) is larger than that of (2) and the abilities of singlet oxygen generation of (1) is smaller than that of (2).

2-Benzyl-isoindoline-1,3-dione: a monoclinic polymorph.

In the molecule of the title compound, C(15)H(11)NO(2), the dihedral angle between the ring systems is 81.3 (2)°. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are held together via C-H⋯O inter-actions.

(E)-Methyl 2-[(4-nitro-phen-yl)-hydrazono]-propanoate.

The title compound, C(10)H(11)N(3)O(4), is a condensation product of 4-nitro-phenyl-hydrazine and methyl pyruvate. The complete mol-ecule except for the methyl groups can be considered as a conjugated π system. All non-H atoms are approximately coplanar (r.m.s. deviation 0.117 Å). The crystal packing involves an N-H⋯O hydrogen bond and a π-π inter-action between the aromatic rings, with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.617 Å.

[Synthesis and UV/Vis spectra of a dialkyloxy substituted phthalocyanine].

A dialkyloxy substituted metal-free phthalocyanine was synthesized by using 3-(2',2',4'-trimethyl-3'-pentoxy)-1,3-diiminoisoindoles and 1,3,3-trichloroisoindolenine as starting materials, and characterized by element analysis, 1H NMR, IR and UV/Vis spectra. The dependences of wavelength of UV/Vis spectra and its split of Q band absorption on the number of substituents and, dielectric constant of solvents are discussed based on the comparison with tetraalkyloxy substituted metal-free phthalocyanine.

[Fluorescence spectra and photo-generating rate of singlet oxygen of phthalocyaninatopalladium].

The absorption spectral properties, fluorescence spectral properties and the abilities of photo-generating singlet oxygen of four phthalocyanines, namely tetra-alpha-(2,2,4-trimethyl-3-pentoxy) phthalocyaninatopalladium (zinc) and tetra-alpha-(2,4-diterbutylphenoxy) phthalocyaninatopalladium (zinc), were determined. Experimental results show that the ability of photo-generating singlet oxygen of phthalocyaninatopalladium is similar to that of phthalocyaninatozincx, though palladium(II) is an open shell electron structure and zinc( II ) is a closed shell structure. This may be concerned with a weak flourescence intensity and a strong inter-crossing transition of phthalocyaninatopalladium.