Bronchodilator response by interrupter technique to guide management of preschool wheeze.

OBJECTIVE: We examined relationships between clinical features and pulmonary function before and after inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment in wheezy preschool children, and specifically, whether measuring bronchodilator response (BDR) could predict benefit from ICS. DESIGN: Clinical non-randomised intervention study SETTING: Secondary care. PATIENTS: Preschool children (2 years to <6 years) with recurrent wheeze. INTERVENTIONS: Inhaled beta-agonist, ICS. OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator interrupter resistance (Rint) and symptom scores at 0 (V1), 4 (V2) and 12 (V3) weeks. At V2, those with a predetermined symptom level commenced ICS. Modified Asthma Predictive Index (mAPI) and parental perception of response to bronchodilator were recorded. Response to ICS was defined as a reduction in daily symptom score of >0.26. Positive BDR was defined as fall in Rint of ≥0.26 kPa.s/L, ≥35% predicted or ≥1.25 Z Scores. RESULTS: Out of 138 recruited children, 67 completed the full study. Mean (SD) prebronchodilator Rint at V2 was 1.22 (0.35) kPa.s/L, and fell after starting ICS (V3) to 1.09 (0.33) kPa.s/L (p<0.001), while mean (SD) daily symptom score fell from 0.56 (0.36) to 0.28 (0.36) after ICS (p<0.001). Positive Rint BDR before ICS (at V1 and/or V2), using all three threshold criteria, was significantly associated with response to ICS on symptom scores at V3 (p<0.05). mAPI was not significantly associated with response to ICS, and parents' perception of response to bronchodilator was not related to measured Rint BDR . CONCLUSIONS: Rint BDR may be helpful in selecting which wheezy preschool children are likely to benefit from ICS.

Prescribing emergency oral steroids in asthma clinics.

We retrospectively reviewed children who had been prescribed emergency oral corticosteroids (OCS) in a routine tertiary paediatric respiratory clinic appointment. We subsequently assessed adherence from prescription uptake of inhaled corticosteroids or combination inhalers in the 6 months prior to the episode. In 2 years, 25 children received 32 courses of prednisolone. Median adherence was 33%, but 28% for those with repeated OCS prescriptions. Prescribing acute OCS in a routine clinic is a red flag for potential poor adherence to preventer therapies, and may also indicate the child has poor perception of the severity of their symptoms. An assessment of adherence should be carried out and help given to the child and their family to improve poor adherence when detected.