The Effect of Noninvasive Bariatric Surgery on the Levels of Certain Adipokines and Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Objective: Besides glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, visceral obesity is one of the most important atherogenic pathological factors in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study is to examine whether weight loss following BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon (BIB-system) therapy affects adipokine concentration and atherosclerosis risk factor profile in patients with MetS.Methods: The study group comprised 30 patients (17 female, BMI = 38.5 ± 8.6 kg/m2; 13 male, BMI = 43.3 ± 7 kg/m2) with MetS qualified to BIB-system therapy. The control group included 18 age matched healthy volunteers (10 female, BMI = 23.3 ± 2.8 kg/m2 and eight male, BMI = 27.3 ± 0.9 kg/m2). Biochemical analyses of blood samples and anthropometric measurements were conducted, before and after six-month BIB system therapy.Results: BIB therapy resulted in a significant drop in body weight, and body fat percentage, and in BMI, VAI, WHtR, BAI, TG, glucose, hsCRP, and leptin levels. In addition Tc/HDL, LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, and leptin/adiponectin ratios fell significantly, and adiponectin concentration increased. All anthropometric parameters apart from Tc and hsCRP, were significantly different post-therapy compared to healthy controls. The therapy induced downregulation of hsCRP which was positively correlated with the reduction in body weight, BMI and BAI. The decrease in leptin concentration correlated positively with the fall in total cholesterol and body weight. The fall in leptin/adiponectin ratio positively correlated with the downregulation of BAI and body fat.Conclusion: BIB therapy appears to have beneficial effects on MetS. This is indicated by amelioration of the pro-inflammatory status related to obesity, demonstrated by an improved lipid profile significant downregulation of hsCRP concentration following therapy.

Usefulness of New Indicators of Obesity (BAI and VAI) in Estimation of Weight Reduction.

Objective: Obesity is responsible for a large proportion of the total burden of diseases in Europe. The aim of this study was to compare classic anthropometric parameters with new obesity-related indices (the visceral adiposity index [VAI] and the body adiposity index [BAI]) and to examine their usefulness in the assessment of weight reduction and its effect on the leptin concentration.Methods: We tested 50 patients with obesity, undergoing the implementation of the BioEnterics® Intragastric Balloon (BIB-system) for 6 months. The leptin concentrations and the calculated subcutaneous fat thickness as well as the anthropometric indices were determined prior to the implementation and after the balloon removal.Results: The therapy resulted in a drop in the BAI value without a significant effect on the VAI in subgroups of patients with class I, II, and III obesity. The therapy-induced changes in BAI both in the entire tested group and in patients with class I and II obesity correlated well with the percentage of drop in body weight, body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous fat thickness, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and leptin concentration. Changes in the VAI value correlated with changes in the body weight, BMI, WHtR values, subcutaneous fat thickness, and leptin concentration decrease only in patients with class III obesity.Conclusions: BAI seems to be a better indicator than VAI for reflecting the reduction in body weight in people with class I and II obesity treated with the BIB-System. VAI appears to be a better obesity indicator than BAI only in people with class III obesity.

[Chosen anthropometric parameters and concentrations of leptin and adiponectin in extreme obese patients treated with implantation of a gastric balloon]. / Wybrane parametry antropometryczne oraz stezenie leptyny i adiponektyny u pacjentów ze skrajna otyloscia leczonych implantacja balonem zoladkowym.

UNLABELLED: Fatty tissue derived adipocytokines regulate appetite, but in abnormal concentration impair systemic metabolic homeostasis and make the patients prone to inflammatory related disorders. The aim of study was to examine whether weight loss in patients after implementation of a gastric balloon is reflected in changes in chosen anthropometrical parameters and in the concentration of leptin and adiponectin in serum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 18 extreme obese patients (BMI>39.9, mean age 39.5±12.1 years, 12 men, 6 women), undergoing implementation of a gastric balloon for 6 months. The control group consisted of 18 healthy volunteers. The adiponectin and leptin concentrations in the sera and the calculated % body fat and indicators: BMI, WHR, VAI, BAI, WHtR were determined prior to implementation and after the balloon removal and then further parameters were calculated: % excessive weight loss, % weight loss. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: All the parameters and leptin concentration in the tested group were markedly upregulated and adiponectin concentration was significantly lower compared to controls. Reduction in the body mass in patients subjected to BIB, reflected in leptin and anthropometrical parameters down-regulation, (except WHR and VAI), was accompanied with normalization of adiponectin concentration that affect metabolism and is important regulator of hunger and satiety.